跟讀練習: Marbury v. Madison Case Brief Summary | Law Case Explained - 通過影片學習英語口語
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23 句
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1
The presidential election of 1800 was one of the most contentious in our young nation's history.
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Federalist President John Adams fought for re -election, but it became clear that the Anti -Federalists,
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led by Democratic -Republican and Vice President Thomas Jefferson, would take the office.
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Meanwhile, in an effort to preserve the influence of the party, the Federalist -led
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Congress passed the Judiciary Act of 1801, now known as the Midnight Judges Act,
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which reorganized the Federal Judiciary and the District of Columbia Organic Act, both of which created dozens of new judgeships and justice ships.
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Adams then spent his last few weeks in office appointing dozens of Federalists to the Judiciary.
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These appointees became known as the Midnight Judges.
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The group obtained approval from Congress on March 2nd.
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The commissions were signed by Adams and sealed by the Secretary of State on March 3rd.
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The last remaining step was for the commissions to be physically delivered to the appointees by the Secretary of State.
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John Marshall was Adams' Secretary of State.
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Marshall had already been appointed
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Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.
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Marshall was unable to deliver all of the commissions before Jefferson
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was sworn in the next day by Marshall himself in his role as Chief Justice.
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The undelivered commissions were still in Marshall's office when James Madison, the new Secretary of State, took office.
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Jefferson told Madison not to deliver the commissions.
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William Marbury, whom Adams had appointed
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Justice of the Peace of the District of Columbia, was one of the appointees who hadn't received his commission.
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Congress had authorized the United States Supreme Court to issue writs of mandamus under the Judiciary Act of 1789,
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so Marbury brought suit against Madison in the United States Supreme
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Court under its original jurisdiction to compel Madison to deliver the commission.
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本課的詞彙與口語要點
這節口語課以影片“Marbury v. Madison Case Brief Summary”為素材。 影片中反覆出現的詞有：commission, Adams, Federalist, Judiciary, Madison。 這段影片共有 23 個句子、299 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 1:52。 說話人語速自然，每分鐘約 161 個詞，接近日常對話。 只有 79% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，詞彙難度較高。
影片中的重點詞彙
影片中 9 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| appoint 動詞 | /əˈpɔɪnt/ | 約定 /約定, 預約 /預約 |
| meanwhile 副詞 | /ˈmiːnwaɪl/ | 同時 /同時 |
| obtain 動詞 | /əbˈteɪn/ | 獲得 /獲得 |
| seal 名詞 | /siːl/ | 印章, 圖章 /圖章 |
| jurisdiction 名詞 | /d͡ʒʊɹɪsˈdɪkʃən/ | 管轄權 /管轄權 |
| authorize 動詞 | /ˈɔθəɹaɪz/ | 授權 /授權 |
| compel 動詞 | /kəmˈpɛl/ | 強迫 /強迫 |
| contentious 形容詞 | /kənˈtɛn.ʃəs/ | 有爭議 /有爭議 |
| writ 名詞 | /ɹɪt/ | 令狀 /令狀 |
需要注意的發音
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: jurisdiction /d͡ʒʊɹɪsˈdɪkʃən/, contentious /kənˈtɛn.ʃəs/
中文母語者容易讀錯的音：
- 詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: appoint /əˈpɔɪnt/, preserve /pɹəˈzɝv/, authorize /ˈɔθəɹaɪz/, contentious /kənˈtɛn.ʃəs/, mandamus /mænˈdeɪməs/
如何用這段影片練習
- 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟讀，熟練之後再回到正常速度。
- 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 appoint, meanwhile, obtain 這類單詞。
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。