跟读练习: When to use SHALL in English - 通过视频学习英语口语
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Shall is much less common today than it used to be, but it hasn't disappeared.
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Here are the main ways that you can use it.
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In formal English, shall is sometimes used in the first person, that's I or we, instead of will.
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We shall ensure that your order is delivered on time.
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The negative is shall not, which can be contracted to shan't.
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We're on our way, we shan't be long.
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In most dialects we use shall, not will, to make suggestions.
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Shall we have pizza for dinner?
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Shall I open the window?
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Shall we meet at the cinema?
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An exception to this is Irish English, where you may well hear somebody say, will we have pizza for dinner?
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I won't attempt an Irish accent, they wouldn't thank me for it.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这节 B1 级别的口语课以视频“When to use SHALL in English”为素材。 这段视频共有 13 个句子、153 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 1:06。 说话人语速平稳，每分钟约 139 个词，很适合跟读。 86% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。 全部 13 个句子中有 4 个是问句，适合练习疑问语调和简短回答。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中最难的 12 个单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| pizza 名词 | /ˈpi.tsə/ | 比薩 /比萨, 披薩 /披萨 |
| formal 形容词 | /ˈfɔɹməl/ | 正式 |
| exception 名词 | /əkˈsɛpʃən/ | 排除 |
| suggestion 名词 | /səˈd͡ʒɛst.ʃən/ | 建議 /建议, 提議 /提议 |
| cinema 名词 | /ˈsɪn.ə.mə/ | 電影院 /电影院, 影院 |
| accent 名词 | /ækˈsɛnt/ | 重音, 腔調 /腔调 |
| disappear 动词 | /dɪsəˈpɪɹ/ | 消失 |
| newsletter 名词 | /ˈn(j)uzˌlɛtɚ/ | 實事通訊 /实事通讯 |
| inbox 名词 | /ˈɪnbɑks/ | 收件箱, 收件匣 |
| weekly 副词 | /ˈwiːk.li/ | 每週 /每周 |
| deliver 动词 | /dɪˈlɪv.ə(ɹ)/ | 解救, 救 |
| tip 名词 | /tɪp/ | 小費 /小费, 酒錢 /酒钱 |
值得反复跟读的句子
视频中简短而完整的句子，可以直接用在日常对话里：
- We're on our way, we shan't be long.
- Shall we have pizza for dinner?
- Shall I open the window?
- Shall we meet at the cinema?
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| “used to” used to + 动词 — 过去的习惯或状态，现在已不再如此 | used to be |
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | is delivered · can be contracted |
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | hasn't disappeared |
| 定语从句 who / which + 从句 — 补充说明人或事物 | not, which can |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 6 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 shan't, hasn't, we're。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: exception /əkˈsɛpʃən/, suggestion /səˈd͡ʒɛst.ʃən/
中文母语者容易读错的音：
- 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: accent /ækˈsɛnt/, inbox /ˈɪnbɑks/, tip /tɪp/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: formal /ˈfɔɹməl/, deliver /dɪˈlɪv.ə(ɹ)/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 pizza, formal, exception 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。