تدريب Shadowing: Can diet improve memory? BBC News Review - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية مع YouTube
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Could apples, berries and cacao improve our memory as we get older?
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Could apples, berries and cacao improve our memory as we get older?
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This is News Review from BBC Learning English.
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I'm Neil.
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And I'm Beth.
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Make sure you watch to the end to learn vocabulary to talk about this story.
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Don't forget to subscribe to our channel,
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like this video and try the quiz on our website.
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Now the story.
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What you eat could improve your memory as you age.
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That's according to new research in the US that found people with a diet rich in flavanols
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may be less likely to lose their memory.
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The substance is found in tea,
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berries, apples and cacao, the seeds that chocolate is made from.
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But while some scientists think eating more dark chocolate could help,
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others say more research is needed.
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You've been looking at the headlines, Beth.
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What's the vocabulary?
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We have keep something at bay, stave off and drive.
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This is News Review from BBC Learning English.
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Let's look at our first headline.
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This is from the Mail Online.
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Six squares of dark chocolate a day may keep the memory loss at bay.
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So, this headline is suggesting that eating dark chocolate can help prevent you from losing your memory as you get older.
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The expression we are looking at is keep something at bay.
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It's quite a strange-sounding expression.
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What does it mean?
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Well, quite simply, it means to stop something bad or dangerous,
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harmful from happening to you.
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So, in this case, the harmful thing is memory loss.
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We want to prevent memory loss,
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so we want to keep it at bay.
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Yes.
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And this expression does have a wider use.
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It's not only about memory loss.
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No, it's not.
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We can use it for lots of harmful things,
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but it is often related to health.
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So, for example, washing your hands can keep infections at bay,
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or exercising can keep heart disease at bay.
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Yes.
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And take note, we can also use the word but hold instead of keep,
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hold something at bay, it means exactly the same thing.
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Let's look at that again.
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Let's look at our next headline.
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This is from The Guardian.
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Tea, apples and berries could stave off age-related memory loss, study suggests.
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Again, this headline is about preventing something bad from happening to us,
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in this case memory loss.
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The expression we're going to look at is stave off.
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Now, that word stave, that's an old-fashioned sounding word for a long stick, isn't it?
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It is, yeah.
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And it might help you to think about that long stick to understand this expression.
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So, Neil, imagine something is physically threatening you,
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maybe a pack of wild dogs,
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and you have a long stick.
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What are you going to do with it?
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Well, if a pack of wild dogs was attacking me,
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I would use that long stick to protect myself.
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Maybe I could wave it and the dogs would go away.
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That's a strong mental image.
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It might help you to remember the meaning of this phrasal verb,
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but actually we don't usually use stave off in a literal sense anymore.
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We don't, but it does have the same meaning.
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It just means to prevent something bad from happening,
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just like our first expression, keep something at bay.
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And again, this is something we often use with health.
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Some people say that drinking orange juice can stave off a cold.
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but we can also use it to mean prevent other general negative things.
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Yes.
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And one more interesting thing to note.
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Stave off is a phrasal verb,
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and it's the kind of phrasal verb that you can split in the middle.
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So, you can say, orange juice staves off colds,
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or you can say, orange juice staves colds off.
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Let's look at that again.
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Let's look at our next headline.
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This is from The Independent.
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Diet low in flavanols may drive age-related memory loss, scientists claim.
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So, this headline is looking at the same story,
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but from the opposite angle.
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It's saying that a diet low in flavanols – now,
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that's that substance that you find in apples,
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berries, tea and cacao – a diet low in that could cause memory loss.
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And the word we're looking at is drive,
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a familiar word used differently here.
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Yes, but we're not talking about cars here.
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So, drive actually has a wider meaning than the one we all know connected to cars and driving.
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It can also mean to force something in a certain direction.
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Yes.
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So, when the headline says that a diet low in flavanols drives memory loss,
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it means that that diet pushes in the direction of memory loss.
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And in the same way,
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when you drive a car,
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actually what you're doing is just forcing it to go in a certain direction.
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OK, let's look at that again.
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We've had keep something at bay – prevent something bad affecting you.
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Stave off – also prevent something bad affecting you.
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And drive – force in a certain direction.
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Did you know that exercise can also help our brains?
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To learn more, watch this episode of News Review.
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Don't forget to click here so that you can subscribe and never miss another video.
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Thanks for joining us.
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Bye.
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Bye.
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أهم 5 عبارات للتواصل اليومي
- keep something at bay - إبقاء شيء بعيدًا
- stave off - منع أو تأجيل شيء سيء
- drive - دفع أو قيادة
- rich in flavanols - غنية بالفلافانولات
- memory loss - فقدان الذاكرة
تعد هذه العبارات مفيدة في السياقات اليومية وتساهم في تحسين النطق باللغة الإنجليزية، وبالتالي تعزز من قدرتك على التواصل بشكل فعال.
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