تدريب Shadowing: Science in English #4 | Compounds and chemical formulas - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو
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1
Good morning, everyone.
2
Today we are going to learn about compounds and chemical formulas.
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We will discover how different elements combine to form new substances.
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Let's get started.
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Let's begin with a simple comparison.
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The English language has only 26 letters, yet those letters can create millions of words and sentences.
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Nature is very similar.
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About 118 elements combine to create millions of different substances.
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So, what do we call these new substances?
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Today, we will find out.
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Let's begin with our learning objectives.
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By the end of this lesson, you will understand what a compound is.
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You will learn about chemical bonds.
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You will recognize a molecule.
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You will also learn how to read chemical formulas.
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So what is a compound?
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A compound is a substance made from the chemical combination of two or more different elements.
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When different elements join together, they form a completely new substance.
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Let's look at some examples.
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Water, or H2O, is a compound.
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It is made from hydrogen and oxygen.
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carbon dioxide, or CO2, is another compound.
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It is made from carbon and oxygen.
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Compounds are all around us in our everyday lives.
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How do atoms stay together?
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They are connected by a chemical bond.
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A group of bonded atoms is called a molecule.
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A water molecule has two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.
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A chemical formula shows the number of atoms in one molecule.
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The small number is called a subscript.
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It tells us how many atoms of each element are present.
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For example, H2O, CO2, and C12H22O11 are all chemical formulas.
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Now let's compare.
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H2O is a compound.
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CO2 is also a compound.
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But O2 is not a compound.
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Why?
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Because it contains only one element.
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A compound must contain two or more different elements.
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Let's review what we have learned today.
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Compounds are made from two or more different elements.
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Atoms are connected by chemical bonds.
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A molecule is the smallest unit of many compounds.
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Chemical formulas show the fixed ratio of atoms.
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Thank you for listening.
تنزيل التطبيق
كل ما تحتاجه للتحدث بطلاقة
تقييم النطق بالذكاء الاصطناعيتقييم كل جملة
تدريب IPAأتقن كل صوت
المفرداتابنِ رصيدك من الكلمات
لعبة المفرداتتعلّم أثناء اللعب
نفس القناة
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المفردات وملاحظات التحدث لهذا الدرس
يحتوي هذا الفيديو على 45 جملة و341 كلمة للتدرب على الترديد. مدة الكلام 2:51. يتكلم المتحدث بسرعة ثابتة، نحو 120 كلمة في الدقيقة، وهي سرعة مريحة للترديد. 74% فقط من الكلمات ضمن أكثر 3,000 كلمة شيوعًا في الإنجليزية، فالمفردات صعبة نسبيًا.
أهم المفردات في هذا الفيديو
14 كلمة أقل شيوعًا من الفيديو، مع النطق والمعنى:
- element /ˈɛləmənt/ (اسم) — عُنْصُر. One of the simplest or essential parts or principles of which anything consists, or upon which the constitution or fundamental powers of anything are based.
- atom /ˈætəm/ (اسم) — ذَرَّة. The smallest possible amount of matter which still retains its identity as a chemical element, now known to consist of a nucleus surrounded by electrons.
- formula /ˈfɔː.mjʊ.lə/ (اسم) — صِيغَة. Any mathematical rule expressed symbolically.
- substance /ˈsʌbstəns/ (اسم) — مَادَّة. Physical matter; material.
- molecule /ˈmɑ.lɪ.kjul/ (اسم) — جُزَيْء. The smallest particle of a specific element or compound that retains the chemical properties of that element or compound; two or more atoms held together by…
- oxygen /ˈɑksɪd͡ʒən/ (اسم) — أُكْسِجِين. The chemical element (symbol O) with an atomic number of 8 and relative atomic mass of 15.9994. It is a colorless and odorless gas. Sometimes called elemental…
- connect /kəˈnɛkt/ (فعل) — رَبَطَ. To join (to another object): to attach, or to be intended to attach or capable of attaching, to another object.
- combine /kəmˈbaɪn/ (فعل) — ضَمَّ, جَمَعَ. To bring (two or more things or activities) together; to unite.
- hydrogen /ˈhaɪdɹəd͡ʒ(ə)n/ (اسم) — هَيْدُرُوجِين, هِيدْرُوجِين. The lightest chemical element (symbol H), with an atomic number of 1 and atomic weight of 1.008.
- lesson /ˈlɛs.ən/ (اسم) — دَرْس, حِصَّة. A section of learning or teaching into which a wider learning content is divided.
- compare /kəmˈpɛɚ/ (فعل) — قَارَنَ. To assess the similarities and differences between two or more things [“to compare X with Y”]. Having made the comparison of X with Y, one might have found it…
- discover /dɪˈskʌvə/ (فعل) — اِكْتَشَفَ. To find or learn something for the first time.
- ratio /ˈɹeɪ.ʃoʊ/ (اسم) — نِسْبَة. A number representing a comparison between two named things.
- objective /ɒbˈd͡ʒɛk.tɪv/ (اسم) — هَدَف, مَقْصَد. A material object that physically exists.
الأفعال المركبة التي ستسمعها
- look at (فعل) — نَظَرَ. To observe or watch.
كيف تتدرب بهذا الفيديو
- استمع إلى الفيديو كاملًا مرة واحدة دون أن تتكلم، ودوّن الكلمات التي لا تعرفها.
- ردّد جملة جملة بالسرعة العادية، وكرّر كل جملة حتى يتطابق إيقاعك مع المتحدث.
- سجّل صوتك وقارنه بالأصل، مع الانتباه إلى كلمات مثل element, atom, formula.
القواعد في هذا الفيديو
أكثر التراكيب التي يستخدمها المتحدث، مع العبارات نفسها من الفيديو:
| التركيب | في الفيديو |
|---|---|
| المبني للمجهول be + اسم المفعول — التركيز على ما يحدث لا على من يفعله | is made · are connected · is called |
| المستقبل بـ “will” will + فعل — قرار أو وعد أو توقع | will discover · will find · will understand |
ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟
التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.