Shadowing Practice: Science in English #4 | Compounds and chemical formulas - Learn English Speaking with Video

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Good morning, everyone.
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Today we are going to learn about compounds and chemical formulas.
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We will discover how different elements combine to form new substances.
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Let's get started.
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Let's begin with a simple comparison.
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The English language has only 26 letters, yet those letters can create millions of words and sentences.
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Nature is very similar.
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About 118 elements combine to create millions of different substances.
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So, what do we call these new substances?
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Today, we will find out.
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Let's begin with our learning objectives.
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By the end of this lesson, you will understand what a compound is.
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You will learn about chemical bonds.
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You will recognize a molecule.
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You will also learn how to read chemical formulas.
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So what is a compound?
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A compound is a substance made from the chemical combination of two or more different elements.
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When different elements join together, they form a completely new substance.
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Let's look at some examples.
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Water, or H2O, is a compound.
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It is made from hydrogen and oxygen.
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carbon dioxide, or CO2, is another compound.
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It is made from carbon and oxygen.
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Compounds are all around us in our everyday lives.
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How do atoms stay together?
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They are connected by a chemical bond.
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A group of bonded atoms is called a molecule.
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A water molecule has two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.
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A chemical formula shows the number of atoms in one molecule.
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The small number is called a subscript.
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It tells us how many atoms of each element are present.
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For example, H2O, CO2, and C12H22O11 are all chemical formulas.
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Now let's compare.
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H2O is a compound.
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CO2 is also a compound.
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But O2 is not a compound.
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Why?
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Because it contains only one element.
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A compound must contain two or more different elements.
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Let's review what we have learned today.
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Compounds are made from two or more different elements.
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Atoms are connected by chemical bonds.
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A molecule is the smallest unit of many compounds.
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Chemical formulas show the fixed ratio of atoms.
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Thank you for listening.

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Bu dersin kelimeleri ve konuşma notları

Bu videoda gölgeleme çalışması için 45 cümle ve 341 kelime var. Konuşma bölümü 2:51 sürüyor. Konuşmacı dakikada yaklaşık 120 kelimelik dengeli bir hızla konuşuyor; gölgeleme için rahat bir tempo. Kelimelerin yalnızca %74’i İngilizcede en sık kullanılan 3.000 kelime arasında, bu yüzden kelime dağarcığı zorlayıcı.

Bu videodaki önemli kelimeler

Videodan daha az kullanılan 14 kelime, telaffuzu ve anlamıyla:

  • compound /ˈkɑmpaʊnd/ (isim) — karışım. Anything made by combining several things.
  • element /ˈɛləmənt/ (isim) — öğe, eleman. One of the simplest or essential parts or principles of which anything consists, or upon which the constitution or fundamental powers of anything are based.
  • atom /ˈætəm/ (isim) — atom. The smallest possible amount of matter which still retains its identity as a chemical element, now known to consist of a nucleus surrounded by electrons.
  • formula /ˈfɔː.mjʊ.lə/ (isim) — formül. Any mathematical rule expressed symbolically.
  • substance /ˈsʌbstəns/ (isim) — madde. Physical matter; material.
  • molecule /ˈmɑ.lɪ.kjul/ (isim) — molekül. The smallest particle of a specific element or compound that retains the chemical properties of that element or compound; two or more atoms held together by…
  • oxygen /ˈɑksɪd͡ʒən/ (isim) — oksijen, müvellidülhumuza. The chemical element (symbol O) with an atomic number of 8 and relative atomic mass of 15.9994. It is a colorless and odorless gas. Sometimes called elemental…
  • hydrogen /ˈhaɪdɹəd͡ʒ(ə)n/ (isim) — hidrojen, müvellidülmâ. The lightest chemical element (symbol H), with an atomic number of 1 and atomic weight of 1.008.
  • everyday /ˈɛvɹiˌdeɪ/ (sıfat) — gündelik. Appropriate for ordinary use, rather than for special occasions.
  • lesson /ˈlɛs.ən/ (isim) — ders, çimke. A section of learning or teaching into which a wider learning content is divided.
  • compare /kəmˈpɛɚ/ (fiil) — karşılaştırmak, kıyaslamak. To assess the similarities and differences between two or more things [“to compare X with Y”]. Having made the comparison of X with Y, one might have found it…
  • discover /dɪˈskʌvə/ (fiil) — keşfetmek. To find or learn something for the first time.
  • ratio /ˈɹeɪ.ʃoʊ/ (isim) — oran. A number representing a comparison between two named things.
  • objective /ɒbˈd͡ʒɛk.tɪv/ (isim) — nesne, obje. A material object that physically exists.

Duyacağınız deyimsel fiiller

  • find out (fiil) — anlamak, ortaya çıkarmak. To discover, as by asking or investigating.
  • look at (fiil) — bakmak. To observe or watch.

Bu videoyla nasıl çalışılır

  1. Videonun tamamını konuşmadan bir kez dinleyin ve bilmediğiniz kelimeleri not edin.
  2. Normal hızda cümle cümle tekrar edin; ritminiz konuşmacıyla aynı olana kadar her cümleyi yineleyin.
  3. Kendinizi kaydedin ve orijinaliyle karşılaştırın; compound, element, atom gibi kelimelere özellikle dikkat edin.

Bu videodaki dil bilgisi

Konuşmacının en çok kullandığı yapılar, videodaki sözcüklerin aynısıyla:

YapıVideoda
Edilgen yapı be + fiilin üçüncü hâli — kimin yaptığı değil, ne olduğu önemliis made · are connected · is called
“will” ile gelecek will + fiil — bir karar, söz ya da tahminwill discover · will find · will understand

Gölgeleme Tekniği Nedir?

Gölgeleme, başlangıçta profesyonel tercüman eğitimi için geliştirilen ve çok dilli Dr. Alexander Arguelles tarafından popüler hale getirilen, bilim destekli bir dil öğrenme tekniğidir. Yöntem basit ama güçlüdür: ana dili İngilizce olan bir sesi dinler ve hemen yüksek sesle tekrar edersiniz — konuşmacıyı 1-2 saniye gecikmeyle takip eden bir gölge gibi. Pasif dinleme veya dilbilgisi alıştırmalarının aksine, gölgeleme beyninizi ve ağız kaslarınızı gerçek konuşma kalıplarını eşzamanlı olarak işlemeye ve yeniden üretmeye zorlar. Araştırmalar, telaffuz doğruluğu, tonlama, ritim, bağlı konuşma, dinleme anlama ve konuşma akıcılığını önemli ölçüde geliştirdiğini göstermektedir — bu da onu IELTS Konuşma hazırlığı ve gerçek dünya İngilizce iletişimi için en etkili yöntemlerden biri yapar.

Shadowing tekniği: adım adım eksiksiz rehberi okuyun →