تدريب Shadowing: Top Notch 3: Unit 5: Lesson 3: Describe natural disasters - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو

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Page 56.
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Before you read.
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Exercise A.
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Vocabulary.
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Adjectives of severity.
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Read and listen.
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Now listen again and repeat.
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Mild Moderate Severe Deadly
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Catastrophic Page 56 Reading Read and listen.
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Earthquakes Earthquakes are among the deadliest natural disasters, causing the largest numbers of casualties,
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the highest death tolls, and the greatest destruction.
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In 1556, in China, the deadliest earthquake in history killed 830,000 people.
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But many other earthquakes have caused the deaths of more than 100,000 people, and it is not unusual even in modern times for an
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earthquake death toll to reach 20,000 to 30,000 people with hundreds of thousands left homeless and with countless injured.
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The floodwaters of the 2004 tsunami in Sumatra, which killed over 200,000 people, were caused by a catastrophic earthquake.
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There are four factors that affect the casualty rate and economic impact of earthquakes.
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magnitude, location, quality of construction of buildings, and timing.
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Magnitude.
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The magnitude, or strength, of an earthquake is measured on the Richter scale,
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ranging from 1 to 10 with 10 being the greatest earthquakes over 6 on the Richter scale are often deadly
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and those over 8 are generally catastrophic causing terrible damage
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location a severe earthquake
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that is located far from population centers does not cause the same damage as a less severe one
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that occurs in the middle of a city.
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As an example, in 1960, the strongest earthquake ever recorded, 9.5 magnitude on the Richter scale,
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struck in the Pacific Ocean near the Chilean coastline, destroying buildings, killing over 2,000,
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and injuring another 3,000 in regional cities near the coast.
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If this quake had struck a city directly, it would have been catastrophic, and hundreds of thousands might have been killed.
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Similarly, in Alaska in 1964, a magnitude 9.2 quake hit an area with few people,
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and the death toll was 117.
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Quality of Construction
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Modern building construction techniques can lessen the death toll
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and economic impact of a moderate earthquake that would otherwise cause severe destruction of older-style buildings.
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In 2010, a terrible earthquake in Port-au-Prince, the capital of Haiti, caused the destruction of a tremendous number of the city's buildings, mostly due to poor construction.
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In contrast, an even stronger earthquake later that year in Chile caused less destruction because of that country's use of earthquake-resistant construction.
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Timing Finally, the time of occurrence of an earthquake can affect the number of deaths and casualties.
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Earthquakes that occur in the night, when people are indoors, usually cause a greater death toll than ones that occur when people are outdoors.
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Thank you.

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المفردات وملاحظات التحدث لهذا الدرس

هذا الدرس في المحادثة بمستوى B2 مبني على الفيديو “Top Notch 3: Unit 5: Lesson 3: Describe natural disasters”. أكثر الكلمات تكرارًا في الفيديو: earthquake, magnitude, toll, construction, catastrophic. يحتوي هذا الفيديو على 38 جملة و407 كلمة للتدرب على الترديد. مدة الكلام 3:53. يتكلم المتحدث ببطء، بمعدل 105 كلمة في الدقيقة تقريبًا، فيكون لديك وقت لتقليد كل صوت. 76% فقط من الكلمات ضمن أكثر 3,000 كلمة شيوعًا في الإنجليزية، فالمفردات صعبة نسبيًا.

أهم المفردات في هذا الفيديو

أصعب 10 كلمة في الفيديو، مع النطق والمعنى:

الكلمةالنطقالمعنى
earthquake اسم/ˈɝθkweɪk/زَلْزَال, زِلْزال
injure فعل/ˈɪn.d͡ʒɚ/جَرَحَ
quake فعل/kweɪk/اِقْشَعَرَّ
deadly صفة/ˈdɛdli/مُمِيت
adjective اسم/ˈæd͡ʒ.ɪk.tɪv/نَعْت, صِفَة
tsunami اسم/(t)suːˈnɑːmi/تْسُونَامِي
severity اسم/səˈvɛɹ.ə.ti/صَرَامَة
occurrence اسم/əˈkɜɹ.əns/حُدُوث
vocabulary اسم/vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/مُفْرَدَات, ذَخِيرَة لُغَوِيَّة
toll اسم/təʊl/خَسَائِر

نطق يحتاج إلى انتباه

  • الكلمات الطويلة — انتبه لموضع النبر: catastrophic /ˌkætəˈstɹɑfɪk/, casualty /ˈkæʒu.əlti/, severity /səˈvɛɹ.ə.ti/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/

أصوات يجدها متحدثو العربية صعبة:

  • /v/ — ليس /f/: مع اهتزاز الأوتار الصوتية: adjective /ˈæd͡ʒ.ɪk.tɪv/, severity /səˈvɛɹ.ə.ti/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/
  • تتابع الصوامت — لا تضف حركة بينها: earthquake /ˈɝθkweɪk/, catastrophic /ˌkætəˈstɹɑfɪk/, quake /kweɪk/, tsunami /(t)suːˈnɑːmi/, indoors /ɪnˈdɔɹz/

كيف تتدرب بهذا الفيديو

  1. استمع إلى الفيديو كاملًا مرة واحدة دون أن تتكلم، ودوّن الكلمات التي لا تعرفها.
  2. ردّد جملة جملة بالسرعة العادية، وكرّر كل جملة حتى يتطابق إيقاعك مع المتحدث.
  3. سجّل صوتك وقارنه بالأصل، مع الانتباه إلى كلمات مثل earthquake, injure, quake.

ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟

التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.

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