Shadowing-Übung: Do we Need Nuclear Energy to Stop Climate Change? - Englisch Sprechen Lernen mit Video
Lektion wird erstellt...
1
Do we need nuclear energy to stop climate change?
2
More and more voices from science, environmental activists and the press have been saying so in recent years.
3
But this comes as a shock to those who are fighting against nuclear energy and the problems that come with it.
4
So, who's right?
5
Well, it's complicated.
6
To slow rapid climate change, the world needs to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to net zero.
7
In 2018, three -quarters of global emissions were released through energy production, namely by burning fossil fuels.
8
Energy is a broad term that describes all sorts of stuff, from moving things and people around, to putting things big and small together, or heating our homes.
9
Currently, 84 % of the world's primary energy comes from fossil fuels, 33 % from oil, 27 % from coal, and 24 % from gas.
10
Around 10 % of the global oil supply is just used to burn in boilers to make our homes cozy and warm.
11
Only about 16 % of global energy is from low emission sources, almost 7 % from hydroelectric, 5 % from solar, wind,
12
bioenergy, wave, tidal and geothermal combined, and about 4 % from nuclear.
13
So we pretty much rely on coal, oil and gas to keep our civilization going, which means it's actually very hard to transition away from them.
14
To have a chance of escaping fossil fuels without throwing humanity back into the Stone Age,
15
one of the most impactful things we can do is to electrify as many sectors as possible.
16
Electricity is the stuff that appears like magic when you plug something into a socket so you can watch YouTube.
17
Every industry that can switch from burning fossil fuels to electricity needs to do so, from electric cars to electric heaters.
18
Why do we need to bet so hard on electricity?
19
Because we can produce electricity with low -emission technologies like solar, wind or nuclear.
20
So electricity is a real lever for a radical transition.
21
But there are a few problems making this transition really hard.
22
First of all, in most places in the world, electricity is still generated mostly by burning fossil fuels.
23
And not only that, in the last 20 years, the world's electricity usage increased 73 % in absolute terms.
24
While we are installing renewables at record speeds, at the same time, the amount of fossil fuel we're burning for electricity still keeps rising year by year.
25
Renewables have so far not been able to catch up with the demand for new electricity, and so despite our progress,
26
emissions from electricity are still rising worldwide worldwide.
27
The other alternative to fossil fuels is nuclear, and even though it's not renewable, its greenhouse gas emissions are tiny compared to burning stuff.
28
But in the last 20 years, nuclear has basically stagnated.
29
Countries like China, India, and South Korea built new reactors, while Germany and Japan have been actively taking their nuclear plants offline.
30
Which seems a bit weird
31
if we look at the countries with the most low -carbon electricity in the world
32
that get most of their juice mainly from two sources nuclear or hydropower.
33
Take France and Sweden.
34
In France only around 10 % comes from fossil fuels
35
while 67 % comes from nuclear and 23 % from renewables primarily hydro.
36
In Sweden almost 30 % comes from nuclear power and about 45 % from hydro.
37
So we know that nuclear energy can work at scale.
38
On the technical side, because of the lack of investment and innovation in the last few decades,
39
the majority of the world's nuclear reactors are pretty old technology that's very costly to replace.
40
In most Western countries, building nuclear reactors has become very expensive for a variety of reasons, like a loss of know -how in constructing them,
41
policy changes and increased regulatory constraints so it can take a decade or longer just to finish a power plant.
42
In contrast, countries like South Korea, China, India, and Russia are able to build new nuclear reactors comparatively quickly and at a competitive cost.
43
Still, generally in the West, the current generation of nuclear power plants are more expensive to build and maintain than most fossil fuel alternatives.
44
There are also the concerns about nuclear waste and the fear of accidents, but we cover those in other videos in more detail.
45
We have designs for nuclear reactors that solve many of their problems, namely small reactors that take less time and money to get started.
46
There are also next generation technologies that can already turn radioactive waste into new fuel,
47
but so far these have not been deployed at a scale where they can have a significant impact on the nuclear sector.
48
Considering these uncertainties, some argue that nuclear power is a dangerous relic of the past
49
and that we should just let it go and focus on renewables.
50
But while renewables undoubtedly are the future of electricity,
51
they still have their own huge challenges to overcome before they can take over the vast majority of the electricity grid.
52
The main problem is reliability and consistency.
53
It's not always windy and the sun doesn't always shine especially in the mornings and evenings when humans need the most electricity.
54
The variations between seasons don't make this issue easier.
55
To make renewables reliable
56
and not risk blackouts we need massive storage capacities where we can save energy collected
57
when the sun or wind are at their peak and release it later when we actually need it.
58
Until this is possible other sources of electricity need to provide a controllable load
59
that creates the reliability of supply that our civilization needs to run properly.
60
Eventually, we will be able to do this with renewables, but we need a lot of batteries or storage power plants.
61
Right now, we simply don't have the tech and the capacities to make this transition fast enough to replace fossil fuels.
62
But even if we could, there's another aspect we have to take into account.
63
We're not just trying to kick fossil fuels out of electricity, we're trying to replace energy with electricity.
64
If we're going to electrify sectors that currently use fossil fuels,
65
like cars or heating, we will need significantly more electricity than we're currently using everywhere around the world.
66
And if the electricity needs of the world population continue to grow as they have over the last 20 years, we'll need even more.
67
It all comes down to one thing.
68
No energy source is perfect, all have their own unique problems.
69
Both renewables and nuclear energy require time, investment and technological innovation.
70
On their own, neither is ready to remove fossil fuels from our electricity grid, although activists on both sides claim that they are.
71
In the end, the question is how we want to deal with all these challenges.
72
Should we give up nuclear immediately and at least temporarily accept higher emissions?
73
Will we try to extend the life of current nuclear reactors and shut them down afterwards while solving the shortcomings of renewables?
74
Or will we invest in new nuclear technology to get new nuclear reactor types that are cheaper and safer?
75
Or will we maybe do both?
76
Opinion part starts here.
77
Considering the risks that climate change poses for the biosphere
78
and humanity any technology
79
that has a chance of contributing to a solution should be pursued that's just good risk management and strategy
80
if preventing rapid climate change as quickly as possible is our
81
goal it might be a good idea to see nuclear
82
and renewables not as opponents but as partners we know there's no time to waste
83
so we should keep all of our low emission players on the field as things are both nuclear
84
and renewables need innovation and investment but But if we don't know yet which technology will be ready how quickly, why not just invest in both and see what happens?
85
And on the topic of current capacities, if we take nuclear energy offline right now, then that missing capacity will be replaced,
86
at least partially, by fossil fuels.
87
Even if new nuclear power plants in the West are expensive, in the long run it may be cheaper to build them
88
as long as they prevent more fossil fuel capacity being added and paying for the consequences of rapid climate change.
89
So, do we need nuclear energy?
90
Well, it really depends how hard we choose to make things for ourselves.
91
And in a world that's already having a really hard time quitting fossil fuels, why should we make things harder than necessary?
📺 Gleicher Kanal
C1119
Can Earth Run Out of Water?
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C1109
Could Humans Evolve Flight?
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C1546
What If You Never Slept?
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C16
Your Skeleton Is Electric
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
B27
Would You Upload Your Mind?
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C17
3 Reasons Why Nuclear Energy Is Terrible! 2/3
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C115
Your Brain Peaked at Birth
University StudentsWorking Adults
C11
Your Brain on Magic Mushrooms
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C164
What the Flu Does to Your Body
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C13
What Is Life? Is Death Real?
University StudentsWorking Adults
C12
Is War Over? — A Paradox Explained
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C15
How ADHD Medication Works
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
The Most Complex Language in the World
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C1757
How Stress Changes Your Brain
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
B25
Let’s Steal a New Moon
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C13
What Happens AFTER Nuclear War?
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C11
3 Reasons Why Nuclear Energy Is Awesome! 3/3
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C14
Why Ebola Keeps Coming Back
University StudentsWorking Adults
B252
Can We Stop the Extinction?
University StudentsWorking Adults
B26
YOU Own the Moon. And Mars. And Venus.
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
✨ Empfohlenes Video
C11
130 Sätze
Climate Change Debate | Kriti Joshi | Opposition
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C12
249 Sätze
The Speed of Light Isn't a Limit. It's a Converter
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C13
17 Sätze
Why carbon? It's the backbone of life! - Suzanne Simard | UBC Earth Day
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C16
32 Sätze
Anti-matter & nuclear weapons: Why technology is always a double-edge sword | Don Lincoln
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
B215
37 Sätze
Climate Change: How does it really work? | ClimateScience #1
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C12
168 Sätze
The Truth About Nuclear Energy
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
B27
61 Sätze
RE3 Unit 7A
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C11
81 Sätze
Radioactive Waste - The Journey to Disposal
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C13
23 Sätze
Coal, Oil & Gas Hyrdocarbons | Organic Chemistry | Chemistry | FuseSchool
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C15
28 Sätze
How to Blow Up the Earth - Nuclear Engineer Reacts to Zack D. Films
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
Wortschatz und Sprechhinweise zu dieser Lektion
Dieses Video enthält 91 Sätze und 1396 Wörter zum Nachsprechen. Der gesprochene Teil dauert 9:02. Der Sprecher spricht in natürlichem Tempo, etwa 155 Wörter pro Minute, ähnlich wie im Alltagsgespräch. 84 % der Wörter gehören zu den 3.000 häufigsten im Englischen; den Rest solltest du dir vor dem Üben ansehen.
Wichtiger Wortschatz in diesem Video
15 lernenswerte Wörter aus dem Video, mit Aussprache und Bedeutung:
| Wort | Aussprache | Bedeutung |
|---|---|---|
| fossil Substantiv | /ˈfɑsl̩/ | Fossil |
| renewable Adjektiv | /ɹɪˈnu.ə.bl̩/ | erneuerbar |
| reactor Substantiv | /ɹiˈæktɚ/ | Reaktor |
| emission Substantiv | /ɪˈmɪʃ.ən/ | Ausstoß, Emission |
| transition Substantiv | /tɹænˈzɪʃ.ən/ | Übergang |
| rapid Adjektiv | /ˈɹæp.ɪd/ | schnell |
| innovation Substantiv | /ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/ | Innovation |
| solve Verb | /sɒlv/ | lösen |
| humanity Substantiv | /hjuˈmænɪti/ | Menschheit |
| invest Verb | /ɪnˈvɛst/ | investieren |
| grid Substantiv | /ɡɹɪd/ | Gitter, Gatter |
| activist Substantiv | /ˈæk.tɪ.vɪst/ | Aktivist, Aktivistin |
| namely Adverb | /ˈneɪmli/ | und zwar, nämlich |
| civilization Substantiv | /ˌsɪv.ɪ.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/ | Zivilisation, Kultur |
| reliability Substantiv | Zuverlässigkeit, Belastbarkeit |
Phrasal Verbs, die du hören wirst
| Wort | Bedeutung |
|---|---|
| give up Verb | aufgeben, sich ergeben |
| take over Verb | übernehmen |
Grammatik in diesem Video
Die Strukturen, die der Sprecher am häufigsten verwendet, mit den genauen Worten aus dem Video:
| Struktur | Im Video |
|---|---|
| Passiv be + Partizip Perfekt – wichtig ist, was geschieht, nicht wer es tut | were released · is still generated · have not been deployed |
| Present Perfect have/has + Partizip Perfekt – eine vergangene Handlung, die jetzt noch wichtig ist | have been · has become · have not been deployed |
| Relativsätze who / which + Satz – eine Zusatzinformation über eine Person oder Sache | those who are · going, which means |
Aussprache, auf die du achten solltest
Der Sprecher verwendet 10 Kurzformen und abgeschwächte Formen, zum Beispiel we're, don't, doesn't. Sprich sie in der kurzen Form, so wie du sie hörst.
- Die Laute „sh“ und „zh“: emission /ɪˈmɪʃ.ən/, transition /tɹænˈzɪʃ.ən/, innovation /ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/, civilization /ˌsɪv.ɪ.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/, contrast /kənˈt(ʃ)ɹæst/
- Lange Wörter – auf die Betonung achten: electricity /ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɪsɪti/, innovation /ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/, humanity /hjuˈmænɪti/, civilization /ˌsɪv.ɪ.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/, primarily /ˈpɹaɪ.mə.ɹə.li/
So übst du mit diesem Video
- Höre dir das ganze Video einmal an, ohne zu sprechen, und notiere die Wörter, die du nicht kennst.
- Beginne mit 0,75-facher Geschwindigkeit, sprich Satz für Satz nach und wechsle zur normalen Geschwindigkeit, sobald es leichtfällt.
- Nimm dich auf und vergleiche mit dem Original; achte dabei auf Wörter wie fossil, renewable, reactor.
Was ist die Shadowing-Technik?
Shadowing ist eine wissenschaftlich fundierte Sprachlerntechnik, die ursprünglich für die professionelle Dolmetscherausbildung entwickelt und durch den Polyglotten Dr. Alexander Arguelles populär gemacht wurde. Die Methode ist einfach aber wirkungsvoll: Du hörst englisches Audio von Muttersprachlern und wiederholst es sofort laut — wie ein Schatten, der dem Sprecher mit nur 1–2 Sekunden Verzögerung folgt. Anders als passives Hören oder Grammatikübungen zwingt Shadowing dein Gehirn und deine Mundmuskulatur, gleichzeitig echte Sprachmuster zu verarbeiten und zu reproduzieren. Studien zeigen, dass es Aussprachegenauigkeit, Intonation, Rhythmus, verbundene Sprache, Hörverständnis und Sprechflüssigkeit signifikant verbessert — was es zu einer der effektivsten Methoden für die IELTS Speaking-Vorbereitung und reale englische Kommunikation macht.