Shadowing-Übung: Introduction to PLC | Siemens PLC Training Course - Englisch Sprechen Lernen mit Video
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Hello everyone.
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Today we are going to learn about PLC.
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Let's start with its introduction.
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So PLC, it is Programmable Logic Controller.
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Okay.
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Generally what is controller?
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A controller is used to control some operations fine
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that is what controller meant to it's right okay
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so plc is a dedicated controller specially used in a industry okay
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so plc are used in every aspect of industry to expand
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and enhance its production for its production only mainly plc is very introduced in the industry okay
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so in generally the definition of plc can be it is a unit of hardware used to control
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and automate the industrial process.
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Fine.
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So let me share the evolution of PLC image.
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So this is the evolution of PLC.
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So once upon a time we were into the manual control.
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Okay.
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So can you find the image over here a man who
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is operating a hand wall by you know looking into the
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temperature gauge okay he's very nearer to the furnace according to
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the temperature range he is going to change the hand wall
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okay do you think it is really safe for a human
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being who is always nearer to the furnace obviously no
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and the second thing as a point of as a industry point of view obviously we are losing a precision
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and accuracy over here.
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Fine.
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So, this is the main problem in a manual control.
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Okay.
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That's what we have shifted to the hardware control.
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Okay.
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So, what is this hardware control?
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This is nothing but a relay control system.
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Okay.
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So, older automated systems were used, hundreds and thousands of relays.
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Okay.
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So, obviously, we know relay, right?
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It is a, you know, electromagnetic switch.
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Okay.
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For a simple, to make a simpler, you know, simple control system, we are in need of more wires to make it possible okay
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so a single plc unit can replace the hundred
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and thousands of relay control release okay
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that is the main thing that's what we have faced
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so much of difficulty in this hardware control
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so one of the main disappointments over here is it is really tough to find where the fault occurs
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if for example in a simple control system there is one error in a wiring okay
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and it's really hard to find
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because we are into thousands of wires okay there is one
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statement in the control industry they will tell the relay control system as
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if the fault is happening means it is five hours to find the fault
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and five minutes to fix it okay
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that is one of the main disadvantage in this hardware control
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system that's what we have moved into the electronics control
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which is nothing but a pcb designing and all okay so there was a problem with the troubleshooting and the cost also.
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Okay.
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That's what we have shifted to the PLC control.
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Okay.
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PLC is a specialized computer used to control the machine and the process.
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Okay.
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It using the programmable memory to store the instruction and execute the functions that include on -off control,
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timing, function and counting function, sequencing, processing, logical, arithmetic and data handling functions.
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Okay.
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So, the design of most PLC is similar to that of other computers, normal or personal computers.
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Okay.
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But it is specially for the manufacturing process equipments and machinery.
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Okay.
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Unlike an office computer, it can be, it has been designed to operate in the industrial environment.
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Obviously, industry means controller need to run for 24 into 7.
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Right.
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So PLC can withstand those temperature.
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Okay.
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Because it is equipped with special input and output interface and control programming language.
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Right.
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Yeah.
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Let us see the architecture of PLC.
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yeah so yeah before
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that i would like to introduce him he is a dick
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richard dick marley who is the father of plc okay in 1960s he has introduced this plc
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and he is a father of plc let's move PLC architecture
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so as I have already told it is similar to our personal computer right
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so our personal computer obviously it is having
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a processor correct now so it is having a processor which is a brain of the control system
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okay so before
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that let's have a look into this power supply okay it is used to power the cpu
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and other field devices right it is a source it is giving the source to all the devices okay
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and let's have a look into this input
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and output module what is this means it is act as a bridge
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which is connecting our input
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and output devices with the cpu okay is used to give the communication between io devices
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that means a field instruments like push buttons switchers transmitters control valve solenoid valve vft
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so these are the field instruments
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so it is making a bridge between those field instruments
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and the cpu okay and can you find the optical isolation over here
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okay it is a isolation barrier okay to electrically isolate the
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internal components of cpu from the io terminals plc employs an isolation okay
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so and coming back to the cpu it is a brain of the plc
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and it is having a processor used to perform logic and controlling the communication among the modules.
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Okay.
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User can enter the desired circuit in the ladder logic program.
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Okay.
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Which is by using this programming device.
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Okay.
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The processor accepts the input data from various input devices
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and execute the program which is stored in the program memory and send the signal to the output device.
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Okay.
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So and this one programming device.
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This may be a handled device in our older days
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and now we are using pcs and laptop where we are installing our plc software
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and we will be writing the program into it by using the communication portals we are downloading
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and uploading the program into one from the plc okay
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so these are the main components we have in the plc
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and apart from this additional components we may have a operator interface device to allow the data entry
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and data monitoring by the operators
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and the second one is communication adapters for remote IOS so
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that the central controller you know can be connected to remote sensor
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and actuators okay and the third one is the network interface
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which is allow the interconnecting of PLCs with other controllers
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and the distributed control system okay so the above three are the additional components
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but these five are the very important components that you can find in all the PLCs.
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Okay.
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So, let's move on to the advantages of PLC.
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Okay.
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Let me share one more image.
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Okay.
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So, advantage of PLC.
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So, why we are using PLC over the PLC, you know, previous control systems.
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Okay.
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Let's see the first point which is increasing the reliability.
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Okay.
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So here once the program has been written into the PLC and is tested it can easily download to the PLC.
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Okay.
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Since all the logic is contained in the PLC memory there is no chance of making the logical error.
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That is a one of the main advantages in a PLC.
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Okay.
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This program takes the place of much of the external wiring
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that would normally be required for controlling of the process okay
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hard wiring is still required to connect the field devices
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but it is very less comparing to the relay control system okay
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so that's what it is increasing the reliability okay the second point we can see is it's more flexible okay
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so more flexible in the terms like it is not really easy to wire
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and rewire the circuit correct na but in a plc changing a program will be very easy.
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End user can modify the program in the field or
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if desired security can be provided by future such as key locks and passwords.
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Okay, it is more flexible.
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And the third point we are having is a communication capability.
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Okay, so PLC can communicate with other PLC and other computer equipment to perform some functions.
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Okay, it can easily communicate with the SCADA systems, HMIs and other PLC and all.
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Okay.
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And also it is used for the uploading and downloading of programs.
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Okay.
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So comparing to the previous control system here, the communication capability is having more features.
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Okay.
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The next one is faster response time.
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Okay.
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It operates in a real time, which means the event take place in the field results in the execution of the output.
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okay
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and the next is easier to troubleshoot it is having a
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led indication okay to easily find out the faulty i o
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to fix the problems user can display the control program
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and the monitor and watch it in a real time as it exhibits
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okay by using all these we are finding more advantages in the plc okay
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so this is all about the introduction of plc let you know meet you in the next session thank you
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Das Szenario: Ein Einstieg in die Welt der PLCs
In dem Video geht es um die Einführung in programmierbare Logikcontroller (PLCs) in der Industrie. Der Sprecher erklärt, wie man von manueller Steuerung über Relaisysteme zu modernen PLCs wechselte – ein praktisches Beispiel für technische Erklärungen in Englisch. Solche Szenarien sind ideal, um nicht nur Fachvokabular, sondern auch klare, verständliche Sprachstrukturen zu lernen, die in beruflichen oder akademischen Kontexten oft verwendet werden.
Nützliche Chunks & Collokationen
- "dedicated controller" – "spezieller Controller" (wichtig für die Beschreibung von Geräten mit spezifischer Funktion)
- "enhance production" – "die Produktion steigern" (häufig in Wirtschafts- und Techniktexten)
- "shift to hardware control" – "zu Hardware-Steuerung wechseln" (zeigt Wandel in Technologien)
- "find the fault" – "den Fehler finden" (praktisch für Probleme in Systemen beschreiben)
- "precision and accuracy" – "Präzision und Genauigkeit" (Schlüsselbegriffe in technischen Diskussionen)
Deine Shadowing-Herausforderung
Um deine Englische Aussprache zu verbessern, nutze das Video für ein Shadowing-Training. Hier ist deine Aufgabe: Wähle einen 30-sekündigen Abschnitt (z. B. die Erklärung der manuellen Steuerung). Höre ihn zuerst einmal genau an, um die Rhythmus und Intonation zu merken. Dann sprich gleichzeitig mit dem Sprecher – versuche, die gleiche Geschwindigkeit und Betonung zu kopieren. Wiederhole dies mindestens 5 Mal. Shadow speech hilft dir, natürliche Sprachmuster zu internalisieren und deine Aussprache zu verfeinern. Nutze dazu eine shadowing site, um weitere Übungen zu finden, oder erstelle dir selbst eine Sammlung von kurzen Clips. Die regelmäßige Übung mit Shadowing macht deine Sprache flüssiger und selbstsicherer!
Grammatik in diesem Video
Die Strukturen, die der Sprecher am häufigsten verwendet, mit den genauen Worten aus dem Video:
| Struktur | Im Video |
|---|---|
| „Used to“ used to + Verb – eine frühere Gewohnheit oder ein Zustand, der nicht mehr gilt | used to control · used to perform |
| Passiv be + Partizip Perfekt – wichtig ist, was geschieht, nicht wer es tut | has been designed · is equipped · is stored |
| Present Perfect have/has + Partizip Perfekt – eine vergangene Handlung, die jetzt noch wichtig ist | have shifted · have faced · have moved |
| Relativsätze who / which + Satz – eine Zusatzinformation über eine Person oder Sache | processor which is · program which is · point which is |
Was ist die Shadowing-Technik?
Shadowing ist eine wissenschaftlich fundierte Sprachlerntechnik, die ursprünglich für die professionelle Dolmetscherausbildung entwickelt und durch den Polyglotten Dr. Alexander Arguelles populär gemacht wurde. Die Methode ist einfach aber wirkungsvoll: Du hörst englisches Audio von Muttersprachlern und wiederholst es sofort laut — wie ein Schatten, der dem Sprecher mit nur 1–2 Sekunden Verzögerung folgt. Anders als passives Hören oder Grammatikübungen zwingt Shadowing dein Gehirn und deine Mundmuskulatur, gleichzeitig echte Sprachmuster zu verarbeiten und zu reproduzieren. Studien zeigen, dass es Aussprachegenauigkeit, Intonation, Rhythmus, verbundene Sprache, Hörverständnis und Sprechflüssigkeit signifikant verbessert — was es zu einer der effektivsten Methoden für die IELTS Speaking-Vorbereitung und reale englische Kommunikation macht.