शैडोइंग अभ्यास: Introduction to PLC | Siemens PLC Training Course - वीडियो के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें
पाठ बनाया जा रहा है...
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Hello everyone.
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Today we are going to learn about PLC.
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Let's start with its introduction.
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So PLC, it is Programmable Logic Controller.
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Okay.
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Generally what is controller?
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A controller is used to control some operations fine
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that is what controller meant to it's right okay
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so plc is a dedicated controller specially used in a industry okay
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so plc are used in every aspect of industry to expand
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and enhance its production for its production only mainly plc is very introduced in the industry okay
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so in generally the definition of plc can be it is a unit of hardware used to control
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and automate the industrial process.
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Fine.
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So let me share the evolution of PLC image.
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So this is the evolution of PLC.
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So once upon a time we were into the manual control.
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Okay.
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So can you find the image over here a man who
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is operating a hand wall by you know looking into the
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temperature gauge okay he's very nearer to the furnace according to
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the temperature range he is going to change the hand wall
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okay do you think it is really safe for a human
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being who is always nearer to the furnace obviously no
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and the second thing as a point of as a industry point of view obviously we are losing a precision
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and accuracy over here.
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Fine.
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So, this is the main problem in a manual control.
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Okay.
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That's what we have shifted to the hardware control.
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Okay.
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So, what is this hardware control?
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This is nothing but a relay control system.
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Okay.
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So, older automated systems were used, hundreds and thousands of relays.
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Okay.
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So, obviously, we know relay, right?
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It is a, you know, electromagnetic switch.
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Okay.
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For a simple, to make a simpler, you know, simple control system, we are in need of more wires to make it possible okay
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so a single plc unit can replace the hundred
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and thousands of relay control release okay
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that is the main thing that's what we have faced
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so much of difficulty in this hardware control
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so one of the main disappointments over here is it is really tough to find where the fault occurs
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if for example in a simple control system there is one error in a wiring okay
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and it's really hard to find
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because we are into thousands of wires okay there is one
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statement in the control industry they will tell the relay control system as
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if the fault is happening means it is five hours to find the fault
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and five minutes to fix it okay
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that is one of the main disadvantage in this hardware control
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system that's what we have moved into the electronics control
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which is nothing but a pcb designing and all okay so there was a problem with the troubleshooting and the cost also.
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Okay.
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That's what we have shifted to the PLC control.
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Okay.
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PLC is a specialized computer used to control the machine and the process.
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Okay.
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It using the programmable memory to store the instruction and execute the functions that include on -off control,
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timing, function and counting function, sequencing, processing, logical, arithmetic and data handling functions.
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Okay.
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So, the design of most PLC is similar to that of other computers, normal or personal computers.
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Okay.
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But it is specially for the manufacturing process equipments and machinery.
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Okay.
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Unlike an office computer, it can be, it has been designed to operate in the industrial environment.
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Obviously, industry means controller need to run for 24 into 7.
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Right.
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So PLC can withstand those temperature.
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Okay.
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Because it is equipped with special input and output interface and control programming language.
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Right.
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Yeah.
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Let us see the architecture of PLC.
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yeah so yeah before
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that i would like to introduce him he is a dick
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richard dick marley who is the father of plc okay in 1960s he has introduced this plc
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and he is a father of plc let's move PLC architecture
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so as I have already told it is similar to our personal computer right
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so our personal computer obviously it is having
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a processor correct now so it is having a processor which is a brain of the control system
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okay so before
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that let's have a look into this power supply okay it is used to power the cpu
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and other field devices right it is a source it is giving the source to all the devices okay
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and let's have a look into this input
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and output module what is this means it is act as a bridge
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which is connecting our input
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and output devices with the cpu okay is used to give the communication between io devices
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that means a field instruments like push buttons switchers transmitters control valve solenoid valve vft
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so these are the field instruments
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so it is making a bridge between those field instruments
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and the cpu okay and can you find the optical isolation over here
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okay it is a isolation barrier okay to electrically isolate the
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internal components of cpu from the io terminals plc employs an isolation okay
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so and coming back to the cpu it is a brain of the plc
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and it is having a processor used to perform logic and controlling the communication among the modules.
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Okay.
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User can enter the desired circuit in the ladder logic program.
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Okay.
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Which is by using this programming device.
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Okay.
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The processor accepts the input data from various input devices
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and execute the program which is stored in the program memory and send the signal to the output device.
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Okay.
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So and this one programming device.
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This may be a handled device in our older days
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and now we are using pcs and laptop where we are installing our plc software
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and we will be writing the program into it by using the communication portals we are downloading
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and uploading the program into one from the plc okay
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so these are the main components we have in the plc
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and apart from this additional components we may have a operator interface device to allow the data entry
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and data monitoring by the operators
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and the second one is communication adapters for remote IOS so
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that the central controller you know can be connected to remote sensor
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and actuators okay and the third one is the network interface
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which is allow the interconnecting of PLCs with other controllers
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and the distributed control system okay so the above three are the additional components
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but these five are the very important components that you can find in all the PLCs.
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Okay.
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So, let's move on to the advantages of PLC.
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Okay.
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Let me share one more image.
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Okay.
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So, advantage of PLC.
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So, why we are using PLC over the PLC, you know, previous control systems.
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Okay.
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Let's see the first point which is increasing the reliability.
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Okay.
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So here once the program has been written into the PLC and is tested it can easily download to the PLC.
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Okay.
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Since all the logic is contained in the PLC memory there is no chance of making the logical error.
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That is a one of the main advantages in a PLC.
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Okay.
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This program takes the place of much of the external wiring
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that would normally be required for controlling of the process okay
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hard wiring is still required to connect the field devices
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but it is very less comparing to the relay control system okay
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so that's what it is increasing the reliability okay the second point we can see is it's more flexible okay
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so more flexible in the terms like it is not really easy to wire
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and rewire the circuit correct na but in a plc changing a program will be very easy.
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End user can modify the program in the field or
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if desired security can be provided by future such as key locks and passwords.
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Okay, it is more flexible.
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And the third point we are having is a communication capability.
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Okay, so PLC can communicate with other PLC and other computer equipment to perform some functions.
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Okay, it can easily communicate with the SCADA systems, HMIs and other PLC and all.
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Okay.
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And also it is used for the uploading and downloading of programs.
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Okay.
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So comparing to the previous control system here, the communication capability is having more features.
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Okay.
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The next one is faster response time.
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Okay.
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It operates in a real time, which means the event take place in the field results in the execution of the output.
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okay
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and the next is easier to troubleshoot it is having a
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led indication okay to easily find out the faulty i o
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to fix the problems user can display the control program
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and the monitor and watch it in a real time as it exhibits
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okay by using all these we are finding more advantages in the plc okay
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so this is all about the introduction of plc let you know meet you in the next session thank you
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संदर्भ और पृष्ठभूमि
आज के इस वीडियो में, हम PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) के बारे में चर्चा करेंगे। PLC एक विशेष नियंत्रक है जो मुख्यतः औद्योगिक प्रक्रियाओं को नियंत्रित और स्वचालित करने के लिए उपयोग किया जाता है। इस वीडियो में, वक्ता ने बताया कि किस प्रकार PLC ने मैन्युअल नियंत्रण प्रणाली से स्वचालित प्रणालियों की ओर विकास किया है, जिससे उत्पादन में वृद्धि और सटीकता में सुधार हुआ है।
प्रत्येक दिन के संवाद के लिए 5 प्रमुख वाक्यांश
- “PLC का उपयोग औद्योगिक प्रक्रियाओं को स्वचालित करने के लिए किया जाता है।”
- “हमने मैन्युअल नियंत्रण से हार्डवेयर नियंत्रण की ओर बदलाव किया।”
- “एक PLC एक साथ सैकड़ों रिले नियंत्रकों की जगह ले सकता है।”
- “स्वचालित प्रणाली में सटीकता और सटीकता में सुधार होता है।”
- “रिले नियंत्रण प्रणाली में गलती ढूँढना बेहद कठिन होता है।”
चरणबद्ध शैडोइंग गाइड
इस वीडियो के संवाद को समझने और बोलने का अभ्यास करने के लिए, अंग्रेजी शैडोइंग एक प्रभावी विधि है। इसे अपनाने के लिए निम्नलिखित चरणों का पालन करें:
- वीडियो को ध्यान से सुनें: पहले सुनने पर, केवल समझने की कोशिश करें कि वक्ता क्या कह रहा है।
- महत्वपूर्ण वाक्यांशों पर ध्यान दें: ऊपर दिए गए वाक्यांशों को नोट करें और उन पर ध्यान केंद्रित करें।
- शैडोइंग का अभ्यास करें: धीरे-धीरे वक्ता के साथ बोलने का प्रयास करें। उनके उच्चारण और स्वर को मिलाने की कोशिश करें।
- रिकॉर्डिंग करें: अपनी आवाज को रिकॉर्ड करें और तुलना करें कि आप वक्ता से कितने करीबी हैं।
- नियमित रूप से अभ्यास करें: इस प्रक्रिया को नियमित रूप से दोहराएं। यह अंग्रेजी बोलने का अभ्यास करने का एक अत्यंत प्रभावी तरीका है।
याद रखें, shadowspeaks तकनीक का उपयोग करके आप न केवल अपने उच्चारण में सुधार कर सकते हैं, बल्कि अपने आत्मविश्वास को भी बढ़ा सकते हैं। नियमित अभ्यास से आप अंग्रेजी बोलने में पहले से कहीं अधिक कुशल बनेंगे।
इस वीडियो का व्याकरण
वक्ता जिन संरचनाओं का सबसे अधिक प्रयोग करता है, वीडियो के असली शब्दों के साथ:
| संरचना | वीडियो में |
|---|---|
| Passive voice be + past participle — ज़ोर इस पर कि क्या होता है, न कि कौन करता है | has been designed · is equipped · is stored |
| Present perfect have/has + past participle — बीता हुआ काम जिसका असर अभी भी है | have shifted · have faced · have moved |
| Relative clauses who / which + उपवाक्य — व्यक्ति या वस्तु के बारे में अतिरिक्त जानकारी | processor which is · program which is · point which is |
शैडोइंग तकनीक क्या है?
शैडोइंग (Shadowing) एक विज्ञान-समर्थित भाषा सीखने की तकनीक है जो मूल रूप से पेशेवर दुभाषिया प्रशिक्षण के लिए विकसित की गई थी। विधि सरल लेकिन शक्तिशाली है: आप मूल अंग्रेज़ी ऑडियो सुनते हैं और तुरंत इसे ज़ोर से दोहराते हैं — जैसे वक्ता की छाया 1-2 सेकंड की देरी से। शोध से पता चलता है कि यह उच्चारण सटीकता, स्वर, लय, जुड़ी हुई ध्वनियाँ, सुनने की समझ और बोलने की प्रवाहशीलता में काफ़ी सुधार करता है।