शैडोइंग अभ्यास: Plato’s Philosophy of Education - वीडियो के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें
अभ्यास मोड चुनें
हर मोड पूरी स्क्रीन का अभ्यास कक्ष खोलता है।
83 वाक्य
यदि वाक्य बहुत छोटे या लंबे हों, तो समायोजित करने के लिए Edit पर क्लिक करें।
1
Plato's philosophy of education.
2
First of all, It must be noted that the nature of education in ancient Greece, especially during Socrates and Plato's time, was characterized by sophistry.
3
As a matter of fact, the dominant philosophy in Greece during this time was sophism.
4
As is well known, Socrates vehemently opposed this sophistical education.
5
For Socrates, education cannot be founded on traditional wisdom alone, or can it prepare the human person for mere success according to accepted social standards?
6
but it must rest on a profound insight into the nature of reality.
7
Hence, for Socrates, the philosopher plays the role of social educator and critic.
8
Indeed, according to Socrates, the philosopher and critic is the gadfly of the republic who,
9
By his searching questions awakens people to responsibility and deep reflection.
10
Following the lead of his master Socrates, Plato in his books, Gorgias.
11
Protagoras.
12
Phaedrus.
13
An Ion vigorously criticized an education based on literary and rhetorical studies, and in The Republic and Laws,
14
he outlined a system based on the gradual ascent of the mind by way of mathematical
15
and scientific studies from traditional and popular opinion to a wisdom based on a vision of eternal principles of truth.
16
In what follows, I will briefly sketch the key concepts of Plato's philosophy of education.
17
To begin with, Plato, in his Republic, on the basis of observation, ascribed to all human beings,
18
but in varying degrees, three distinct abilities, namely: 1.
19
The ability to reason, which seeks the good life.
20
2. The ability for appetition, which is connected with the body and is somewhat wayward. And 3.
21
The ability to enforce the decisions of reason about what is good against the inclination of appetites.
22
This explains why Plato recommended that education be employed as the chief method of reforming both the individual's character and the state.
23
In fact, in a just character, each of the three abilities is exercised to the height of its power, namely: Reason recognizes what is good,
24
the appetites freely conform, and the ability to enforce the decisions of reason assures that conformity.
25
In similar manner, in a just state, each adult citizen performs that function for which he is best fitted, namely: 1.
26
The highly rational engage in legislation.
27
2. The predominantly spirited, which is Plato's name for the ability to enforce reason's decisions about the good, enforce it.
28
and three the chiefly appetitive operate the economy.
29
And for Plato, justice consists in a harmony that results
30
when each part of a thing performs the function proper to it
31
and refrains from interfering with the function of any other part.
32
Moreover, for Plato, reform in individual character and in the state is movement toward personal and social justice.
33
For this reason, Plato argues that a system of universal,
34
compulsory, Public education from birth to maturity ought to be instituted to bring about this individual and social improvement.
35
Hence, as Plato would have us believe, all should be taught to read, write, count, to appreciate the traditional poetry and drama which is,
36
highly censored for the young, and to engage in gymnastic exercise.
37
Plato also emphasized that students should learn the military art, sciences, and dialectic.
38
That is, the search for the fundamental principle that explains all reality and value.
39
Moreover, as Plato recommends, each student should be tested to discover
40
which ability dominates his soul
41
and should be sent into the state to perform the function appropriate to it when he reaches the limit of his development, which the testing reveals.
42
Thus, each class in the state would be recruited from those best fitted to perform its function.
43
Such a system of education, therefore, would produce individuals whose souls are as just as their abilities allow,
44
an estate whose parts or classes are similarly harmonious.
45
Education, for Plato, has also a moral aspect, which is inseparably united to its intellectual progress,
46
since the awakening of the soul to truth is accompanied and motivated by a growing love of truth.
47
According to Plato, a man first falls in love with another human being because of physical beauty.
48
Then, as he becomes aware of the interior beauty of the other's soul, he comes to love him with a genuine friendship.
49
Led by this friendship he acquires the virtue of temperance as regards sensual pleasure, and then grows to love not only an individual but society.
50
In his love for society, he acquires the virtue of fortitude in its defense and of justice in its service.
51
In this way, different levels of the soul are brought into harmony
52
and the intellect is set free for its own ascent toward truth.
53
Applied to education, Plato would have us believe that the intellectual curriculum begins with play, and with literature, an art,
54
in which the student grasps something of truth in images.
55
Here, the teacher must exercise a severe censorship lest the impressionable child be injured.
56
On a last note, it is worth noting
57
that Plato's philosophy of education resembles in some respects the thought of the metaphysicians and physicists of the fifth and sixth centuries.
58
With them it shares the faith that the human mind can achieve knowledge of what exists.
59
It resembles the thought of the sophists in its insistence that the world of ordinary sensory experience cannot be known.
60
But of their reliance on conventional morality, it shows no trace at all.
61
Rather, Plato shares with Socrates the conviction that virtue can be known
62
and that it is the business of education to reform conventional morality in its direction.
63
From the vantage point of the teacher, Plato strongly argued that teacher of highest wisdom, Who controls the rest of education,
64
is the philosopher King, who rules the whole state as a kind of school, arranging its games, its religion and its laws.
65
not with the purpose of domination, but to lead its citizens to share in his own vision and love.
66
The philosopher King's right to rule is based on his own wisdom, which he has achieved only by the greatest humility and disinterestedness, after the pattern of Socrates.
67
He teaches first by regulation of the environment, then by a mythical propaganda, but ultimately not by indoctrination, but by dialectic.
68
Since truth is innate, even in the slave, the teacher can only awaken the student by questioning and by the example of friendship.
69
The teacher has no right to escape the responsibility of public affairs, but must be a king, or a counselor to kings.
70
As we can see, Plato regards education as a means to achieve justice, both individual and social justice.
71
On the one hand, according to Plato, individual justice can be obtained when each individual develops his or her ability to the fullest.
72
Hence, in this sense, justice means excellence.
73
But since for Plato, following his master Socrates, virtue is knowledge, then knowledge is required to be just.
74
From this Plato, concludes that virtue can be obtained through three stages of development of knowledge, namely: Knowledge of one's own job.
75
Self -knowledge.
76
and knowledge of the idea of the good.
77
On the other hand, social justice can be achieved when all social classes in a society, workers, warriors, and rulers are in a harmonious relationship.
78
Plato believes that all people can easily exist in harmony
79
when society gives them equal educational opportunity from an early age to compete fairly with each other.
80
Without equal educational opportunity, an unjust society appears since the political system is run by unqualified people.
81
Timocracy, oligarchy.
82
Defective democracy.
83
or tyranny will result.
ऐप डाउनलोड करें
धाराप्रवाह बोलने के लिए ज़रूरी सब कुछ
AI उच्चारण स्कोरहर वाक्य का स्कोर
IPA अभ्यासहर ध्वनि में महारत
शब्दावलीअपना शब्द भंडार बनाएँ
शब्द गेमखेलते हुए सीखें
📺 उसी चैनल से
✨ अनुशंसित वीडियो
C13
77 वाक्य
PHILOSOPHY - Plato
British AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
53 वाक्य
The Science of Early Childhood Development
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
98 वाक्य
Self Educated Polymaths Will Win In The Digital Age
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
30 वाक्य
The Art of War by Sun Tzu | Main Ideas
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C11
84 वाक्य
Đây có thể là video về giáo dục hay nhất mà bạn từng xem
Daily ConversationHigh School StudentsUniversity Students
C11
39 वाक्य
What is the role of emotion in political psychology?
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C13
499 वाक्य
The Ideas of Chomsky - Bryan Magee & Noam Chomsky (1977)
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C1117 वाक्य
La rebeldía, según Albert Camus
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C11
6 वाक्य
Why is Stephen Fry so passionate about the ancient Greeks?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C15
49 वाक्य
Jordan Peterson - The Real Purpose of Universities
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C175
66 वाक्य
What science can’t answer, according to physicist Jim Al-Khalili | Big Think
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
इस पाठ के बारे में
इस वीडियो में, हम प्लेटो की शिक्षा की दर्शन पर चर्चा करेंगे। आप सीखेंगे कि प्लेटो के अनुसार शिक्षा का उद्देश्य न केवल ज्ञान का अर्जन करना है, बल्कि यह समाज और व्यक्तित्व में सुधार लाने का एक महत्वपूर्ण माध्यम भी है। इस पाठ के दौरान, आप विभिन्न शैक्षिक सिद्धांतों को समझेंगे और यह जानेंगे कि कैसे ये सिद्धांत आज के शिक्षा प्रणाली में लागू हो सकते हैं।
मुख्य शब्दावली और वाक्यांश
- सामाजिक न्याय - समाज में समानता और निष्पक्षता का सिद्धांत।
- ज्ञान - जानकारी और समझ का एकत्रीकरण।
- शिक्षा - सीखने और विकास की प्रक्रिया।
- सर्वश्रेष्ठ व्यक्ति - वह व्यक्ति जो अपने कार्य के लिए सबसे उपयुक्त हो।
- सच्चाई - वास्तविकता का सही ज्ञान।
- शारीरिक सौंदर्य - बाहरी आकर्षण।
- नैतिकता - सही और गलत के बीच का भेद।
- सामाजिक दायित्व - समाज के प्रति व्यक्ति की जिम्मेदारी।
अभ्यास के टिप्स
इस वीडियो के संवाद में शैडोइंग अभ्यास करने के लिए, सबसे पहले, वीडियो को ध्यान से सुनें। फिर, जब आप सुनते हैं, तो साथ-साथ बोलने का प्रयास करें। यूट्यूब से अंग्रेजी सीखें और संवाद के प्रत्येक वाक्य को दोहराएं। इस प्रक्रिया को shadowspeak कहा जाता है। सुनिश्चित करें कि आप न केवल शब्दों का उच्चारण कर रहे हैं, बल्कि उनकी ऊँचाई, गति और भावना को भी पकड़ रहे हैं।
वीडियो की गति को ध्यान में रखते हुए, प्रारंभ में धीरे-धीरे बोलने का प्रयास करें। एक बार जब आपको संवाद का आत्मविश्वास हो जाए, तो गति बढ़ाएं। अंग्रेजी बोलने का अभ्यास करते समय, अपने उच्चारण और प्रवाह पर ध्यान दें।
अंत में, इस शैडोइंग तकनीक का नियमित उपयोग करें। इससे आपकी शब्दावली में विस्तार होगा और आप अंग्रेजी में अधिक धाराप्रवाह हो जाएंगे।
इस वीडियो का व्याकरण
वक्ता जिन संरचनाओं का सबसे अधिक प्रयोग करता है, वीडियो के असली शब्दों के साथ:
| संरचना | वीडियो में |
|---|---|
| Passive voice be + past participle — ज़ोर इस पर कि क्या होता है, न कि कौन करता है | must be noted · cannot be founded · is connected |
| Relative clauses who / which + उपवाक्य — व्यक्ति या वस्तु के बारे में अतिरिक्त जानकारी | appetition, which is · spirited, which is · drama which is |
शैडोइंग तकनीक क्या है?
शैडोइंग (Shadowing) एक विज्ञान-समर्थित भाषा सीखने की तकनीक है जो मूल रूप से पेशेवर दुभाषिया प्रशिक्षण के लिए विकसित की गई थी। विधि सरल लेकिन शक्तिशाली है: आप मूल अंग्रेज़ी ऑडियो सुनते हैं और तुरंत इसे ज़ोर से दोहराते हैं — जैसे वक्ता की छाया 1-2 सेकंड की देरी से। शोध से पता चलता है कि यह उच्चारण सटीकता, स्वर, लय, जुड़ी हुई ध्वनियाँ, सुनने की समझ और बोलने की प्रवाहशीलता में काफ़ी सुधार करता है।