Shadowing Practice: Every Negotiation Tactic & How To Use Them Yourself, Explained - Learn English Speaking with Video
Creando lección...
1
Anchoring.
2
Anchoring is the first number that gets thrown into a negotiation.
3
It could be a salary offer, a house price, or how much you're willing to pay for a used car.
4
Whatever that first number is, it doesn't just start the conversation.
5
It shapes everything that follows.
6
Your brain latches onto it, even when you know you shouldn't.
7
That initial figure becomes the reference point, and every other number gets measured against it.
8
If someone offers you $60 ,000 for a job, suddenly $55 ,000 feels low and $65 ,000 feels high,
9
even if the role is actually worth $80 ,000.
10
The anchor pulled your expectations toward it.
11
Here's how it works.
12
When you hear a number first, your brain uses it as a mental starting line.
13
Even if you try to ignore it, even if you think it's unfair, that number has already set the frame.
14
Psychologists have tested this over and over.
15
Show people a random number before asking them to guess something completely unrelated, and their guesses will drift toward that number.
16
The effect is invisible, but powerful.
17
So, if you want to use anchoring yourself, go first.
18
Throw out a number that's bold, but not absurd.
19
If you're selling something, start higher than you expect to get.
20
If you're buying, start lower.
21
The key is believability.
22
Go too extreme, and you lose credibility.
23
But go first with confidence, and you've just set the boundary for everything that comes next.
24
Even when the other side counters, they're countering within the world your anchor created.
25
And here's the hardest truth about anchoring.
26
Even when both people know the trick, it still works.
27
Awareness doesn't make you immune.
28
The first number still plants itself in your mind, still tugs at your sense of what's reasonable.
29
That's why anchoring isn't just a tactic.
30
It's the opening move that decides the shape of the entire game.
31
Mirroring.
32
Mirroring is repeating the last few words someone just said back to them, but as a question.
33
That's it.
34
You take their exact words, give them an upward inflection, and wait.
35
It sounds too simple to matter, but it triggers something automatic in the human brain.
36
When you hear your own words reflected back, you instinctively want to explain more, to clarify, to fill in what you think the other person didn't understand.
37
So you keep talking.
38
And the more you talk, the more you reveal.
39
Here's what happens in real time.
40
Someone says, I can't go lower than $500.
41
You respond, lower than $500?
42
With a slight questioning tone.
43
They hear that and their brain interprets it as confusion or doubt, so they elaborate.
44
Well, I mean, I have costs to cover, and the market rate is usually around that range, but I guess if you're paying cash, I could maybe do $4 .75.
45
You didn't argue.
46
You didn't counter.
47
You just repeated three words, and they gave you new information and a better price.
48
Mirroring works because it feels like active listening.
49
The other person thinks you're engaged, trying to understand them.
50
And you are, but strategically.
51
You're extracting details they didn't plan to share.
52
The beauty of mirroring is that it requires almost no effort and carries zero risk.
53
You're not making claims, not showing your hand.
54
You're just echoing, and they're doing all the work.
55
People want to be understood.
56
They'll keep talking until they feel like you get it.
57
And while they're talking, you're learning exactly where the edges of their position really are.
58
Tactical silence.
59
Tactical silence is saying absolutely nothing after the other person finishes talking.
60
No response, no counter, no acknowledgement.
61
Just silence.
62
And that silence becomes unbearable.
63
Human beings are wired to avoid awkward pauses in conversation.
64
Dead air feels wrong, uncomfortable, like something needs to be fixed immediately.
65
So when you stay quiet, the other person's brain starts working overtime to fill that gap.
66
And when they do, they usually give you something valuable.
67
Maybe they lower their price without you asking.
68
Maybe they reveal a concern they were hiding.
69
Maybe they just keep talking and accidentally expose the limits of their position.
70
The discomfort of silence creates pressure, and pressure makes people move.
71
Here's how it works in practice.
72
Someone makes you an offer.
73
Instead of responding right away, you just pause.
74
Five seconds.
75
Ten seconds.
76
You stay calm, you hold eye contact if you're in person, and you let the quiet sit there.
77
That pause sends a message without words.
78
It signals doubt, hesitation, dissatisfaction.
79
And the person across from you will interpret that silence as rejection, even though you haven't said a thing.
80
So they start backpedaling, sweetening the deal, offering explanations.
81
Silence forces them to negotiate against themselves.
82
The power of tactical silence lies in restraint.
83
You're not being rude or difficult.
84
You're simply refusing to rush.
85
And in that refusal, you create space for them to second guess, reconsider, and concede.
86
Most negotiations are lost by the person who speaks first after an offer lands.
87
Silence hands you control without you having to say a single word.
88
The flinch.
89
The flinch is a visible reaction of surprise or disappointment when you hear their number.
90
You don't argue yet.
91
You don't counter.
92
You just react.
93
Your eyebrows go up.
94
You lean back slightly.
95
Maybe you let out a small breath or shake your head.
96
The reaction itself becomes the message, and that message plants immediate doubt in the other person's mind.
97
They start wondering if they aimed too high, if they misread the situation, if maybe they should adjust before you even say anything.
98
The flinch makes them question their own position without you having to challenge it directly.
99
Here's why this works.
100
When someone states a price or makes a demand, they're often unsure if they got it right.
101
They're testing the waters, gauging your reaction.
102
If you stay neutral or accept too quickly, they assume they left money on the table.
103
But if you flinch, if your face shows genuine shock, they interpret that as proof they overshot.
104
And people hate overreaching.
105
They want to seem reasonable, fair, competent.
106
So when they see your reaction, they often walk themselves back before you've said a word.
107
The key to the flinch is authenticity.
108
If it looks fake or overdone, you lose credibility.
109
But a natural, honest reaction to a number that genuinely surprises you carries real weight.
110
You can flinch physically with body language, or verbally with a phrase like, Wow, okay, or, That's higher than I expected.
111
Either way, you're buying time and creating doubt.
112
The other person now has to justify their number, defend it, or soften it.
113
And all you did was show them your face.
114
Good Cop, Bad Cop Good Cop, Bad Cop is two people playing opposite roles in the same negotiation.
115
One person is harsh, unreasonable, and inflexible.
116
The other is friendly, understanding, and wants to help you find a solution.
117
You've seen this in every police interrogation scene on television.
118
One detective slams the table and threatens consequences.
119
The other leans in, offers water, and says they can make this easier if you just cooperate.
120
The psychology is simple but devastatingly effective.
121
After dealing with the bad cop, the good cop feels like relief.
122
You start to trust them, align with them, even feel grateful toward them.
123
So when they ask for concessions, you give them willingly because they feel like they're on your side.
124
But they're not.
125
They're working together toward the exact same goal.
126
Here's how it plays out in real negotiations.
127
Maybe you're buying a car.
128
The salesperson says they'd love to give you that price, but their manager would never approve it.
129
The manager is the bad cop you never see.
130
Then the salesperson goes to fight for you and comes back with a slightly better offer, acting like they barely convinced their boss.
131
You feel like they went to bat for you, so you meet them halfway.
132
You just made a concession to someone who was never your ally.
133
The door in the face.
134
The door in the face is asking for something huge and unreasonable first, getting rejected, then following up with what you actually want.
135
The second request seems modest by comparison, and people feel almost obligated to say yes because they already turned you down once.
136
The technique gets its name from the image of someone slamming a door in your face after your first ask, but then cracking it open for the second.
137
Here's how the psychology works.
138
When someone refuses your initial request, they feel a small pang of guilt or social discomfort.
139
Saying no feels negative, even when the ask was absurd.
140
So when you come back with something smaller and more reasonable, their brain sees it as a compromise.
141
They think you've already conceded by lowering your demand.
142
So now it's their turn to meet you halfway.
143
Reciprocity kicks in.
144
You moved, so they feel like they should move too.
145
Say you want to borrow someone's car for the weekend.
146
Instead of asking directly, you first ask if you can borrow it for the entire month.
147
They say no, obviously.
148
Then you say, okay, what about just this weekend?
149
Suddenly the weekend feels small, manageable, reasonable.
150
They're more likely to agree because the contrast makes your real request look minor.
151
The key is making sure your first ask is big enough to get rejected, but not so outrageous that you lose credibility.
152
If it sounds like a joke, the tactic falls apart.
153
But if it seems like a genuine stretch, the follow -up lands perfectly.
154
The rejection isn't failure.
155
The rejection is the setup that makes your actual goal feel like the fair middle ground.
156
BATNA.
157
BATNA stands for Best Alternative to a Negotiated Agreement.
158
In simpler terms, it's your backup plan.
159
What will you do if this negotiation completely falls apart?
160
If you're negotiating a job offer and it doesn't work out, do you have another offer waiting?
161
If you're selling your car and the buyer walks away, do you have other interested people lined up?
162
Your BATNA is your safety net, and knowing what it is changes everything about how you negotiate.
163
When you have a strong alternative, you negotiate from a position of power.
164
You can walk away without fear because you're not desperate.
165
You don't need this deal, you just want it on the right terms.
166
That confidence shows.
167
You make bolder moves, you hold your ground, you don't cave under pressure.
168
But when your BATNA is weak or non -existent, you negotiate from desperation.
169
And desperation is visible.
170
The other side can sense it in your tone, your concessions, your willingness to accept terms you shouldn't.
171
Here's the reality.
172
You cannot bluff a strong If you don't actually have alternatives, pretending you do will eventually collapse.
173
The other person will test you, call your bluff, and when you don't walk, they'll know.
174
So the goal isn't to fake a good BATNA.
175
The goal is to build one before you ever sit down to negotiate.
176
Apply for multiple jobs, not just one.
177
Get multiple quotes before selling.
178
Line up options so that no single deal holds all your leverage.
179
Your BATNA determines whether you're negotiating or begging.
180
The stronger it is, the less you need any particular outcome.
181
And when you don't need something, you're suddenly in the best position to get it.
182
The nibble.
183
The nibble is asking for one more small thing after the deal is essentially done.
184
The price has been agreed on, the terms are set, everyone is mentally ready to close.
185
Then, right at the end, you casually mention one last request.
186
Could you throw in free delivery?
187
How about an extended warranty?
188
Would you cover the installation fee?
189
The other side has already invested hours, maybe days, into this negotiation.
190
They're tired, they want it finished, and your request is small enough that saying no feels petty like torpedoing the entire deal over something minor.
191
So they say yes, just to get it over with.
192
That's the nibble.
193
It works because of timing and psychology.
194
By the time you ask, the other person has already made their mental commitment.
195
They've agreed to the big number.
196
They've told their boss or their spouse.
197
They've started imagining the outcome.
198
Walking away now over a $50 add -on feels absurd.
199
The sunk cost of all that effort makes the small concession feel cheaper than restarting from scratch.
200
Here's how to use it.
201
Wait until the main terms are locked in.
202
Let the other person feel like they've won, like the hard part is behind them.
203
Then introduce your nibble as an afterthought, almost apologetically.
204
Oh, one last thing.
205
Would it be possible to include shipping?
206
Keep it genuinely small.
207
If you ask for something huge at the finish line, you'll blow up the deal.
208
But if you nibble correctly, you get an extra win without renegotiating anything major.
209
The other side will give it to you just across the finish line and move on.
210
The nibble doesn't reopen the conversation.
211
It ends it, but on slightly better terms than before.
212
The ultimatum.
213
The ultimatum is drawing a hard line.
214
Take it or leave it.
215
Final offer.
216
This is non -negotiable.
217
You're eliminating all the back and forth and forcing the other person to make a decision right now.
218
Either they accept your terms or the deal ends.
219
There's no middle ground, no room for compromise, no next round of discussion.
220
Ultimatums create urgency and finality.
221
They cut through endless negotiation and demand a choice.
222
When used correctly, they can close deals that would otherwise drag on forever or collapse entirely.
223
But when used wrong, they blow everything up.
224
Here's when an ultimatum works.
225
You need leverage first.
226
If the other side needs you more than you need them, an ultimatum can push them to commit.
227
If you have a strong BATNA and you're genuinely willing to walk away, then drawing a line shows confidence and clarity.
228
It signals that you've reached your limit and further discussion won't change anything.
229
The other person respects that boundary because they believe you'll enforce it.
230
But here's when it backfires.
231
If you use an ultimatum too early, before trust is built or terms are explored, you come across as aggressive and unreasonable.
232
If you're bluffing and the other side calls you on it, you either have to back down and lose all credibility or walk away from a deal you actually wanted.
233
An ultimatum also generates resentment.
234
Even if they accept, they'll remember being forced into a corner, and that damages long -term relationships.
235
So the rule is simple.
236
Only deliver an ultimatum when you're truly prepared to walk away and live with the consequences.
237
If you're not ready to lose the deal, don't threaten to end it.
238
Because once you say the words, you've locked yourself in.
239
And if they call your bluff, you're done.
240
Trading not giving.
241
Trading not giving means never handing over a concession for free.
242
If they ask for something, you ask for something in return.
243
Every move you make toward their position should cost them a move toward yours.
244
Otherwise, you're just losing ground while they rack up wins without giving anything back.
245
Negotiation is exchange, not charity.
246
When someone requests a discount, faster delivery, better terms, or any kind of accommodation, your instinct might be to just say yes to keep things moving or seem agreeable.
247
But that's a mistake.
248
Free concessions signal weakness.
249
They tell the other side that asking gets results, so they'll keep asking.
250
And worse, they'll assume there's more you're hiding if you gave that up so easily.
251
Here's how to trade instead.
252
When they ask for something, respond with a conditional phrase.
253
If I can do that, would you be willing to commit today?
254
Or, I could lower the price to that number if you increase the order size.
255
You're not refusing their request.
256
You're making it conditional on them giving you something valuable in return.
257
This establishes reciprocity as the rule of the conversation.
258
Every exchange becomes mutual.
259
They learn quickly that nothing comes without a trade.
260
The psychology behind this is simple.
261
People value what they work for more than what's handed to them.
262
If you give a concession freely, they'll see it as expected or even owed.
263
But if they have to trade for it, they'll feel like they earned it through negotiation.
264
That satisfaction makes them more likely to accept the overall deal.
265
Trading also keeps the negotiation balanced.
266
You're not the only one making sacrifices.
267
You're both moving, both compromising, both invested in reaching an agreement.
268
And when both sides feel like they've given and gained, the deal holds stronger and lasts longer.
📺 Mismo canal
B23
Pointless Ancient Instincts YOU Still Fight Daily
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
Every Type of Depression Explained in 16 Minutes
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
30k
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B28
The Most Expensive MISTAKES Ever
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
Every Type of Phobia & Their Effects Explained
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B28
Every Common Cause of Death & How to Avoid It, Explained
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
Every Type of Friend in a Friend Group, Explained
TeensDaily ConversationHigh School Students
B21
Every Manipulation Technique & How To Combat It Explained
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B22
Video
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B25
Every Major Religion & What They Actually Believe Explained
University StudentsWorking Adults
C12
Every Mental Disorder & Their Effects Explained
University StudentsWorking Adults
B214
Explaining Basic Financial Concepts YOU Should Understand
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C278
Every Drug & It's Effect Explained in 17 Minutes
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
✨ Recomendar Video
B21
302 oraciones
What ACTUALLY Makes People Buy Things (Pricing Psychology Explained)
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B2310 oraciones
Top 10 MOST Powerful Negotiation Tips | Black Swan Method | Chris Voss
Business EnglishWorking Adults
B22
35 oraciones
How to Use the Socratic Method (for Dialogue, Debate and Critical Thinking)
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B24
70 oraciones
Using the Law of Reciprocity and Other Persuasion Techniques Correctly
Business EnglishInterview EnglishWorking Adults
B22
264 oraciones
this strange habit SKYROCKETS your charisma.
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B21
173 oraciones
If You Master Positioning, You Master Trading
Business EnglishWorking Adults
B21
465 oraciones
Your First Question Is Losing the Sale (Stop Saying This)
Business EnglishInterview EnglishWorking Adults
C17
29 oraciones
Negotiating a Job Offer: Salary and Flexibility
American AccentBusiness EnglishInterview EnglishWorking Adults
B24
219 oraciones
How To Speak Like A Billion-Dollar CEO
Business EnglishInterview EnglishUniversity Students
B21
75 oraciones
More Money, Same Problems — Here's Why | Easy English Conversation | Mike's Podcast
Business EnglishDaily ConversationWorking Adults
B21
113 oraciones
Google Interview Tips That Actually Get You Hired
Business EnglishInterview EnglishUniversity Students
B21
260 oraciones
Quick Thinks: Network Smarter and Make Better Connections
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección
Este vídeo tiene 268 frases y 2791 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 14:56. El hablante habla rápido, unas 187 palabras por minuto, así que espera sonidos enlazados y reducidos. El 84 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés; conviene repasar el resto antes de empezar.
Vocabulario clave de este vídeo
15 palabras del vídeo que vale la pena aprender, con su pronunciación y significado:
| Palabra | Pronunciación | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| negotiation sustantivo | /nɪˌɡəʊ.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/ | negociación, tratativa |
| silence sustantivo | /ˈsaɪ̯ləns/ | silencio |
| negotiate verbo | /nəˈɡəʊ.ʃi.eɪt/ | negociar |
| psychology sustantivo | /saɪˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ | psicología |
| credibility sustantivo | /kɹɛd.əˈbɪ.ɫɪ.ti/ | credibilidad |
| refuse verbo | /ɹɪˈfjuːz/ | rehusar |
| genuinely adverbio | /ˈd͡ʒɛn.ju.ɪn.li/ | auténticamente, genuinamente |
| tactical adjetivo | /ˈtæktɪk(ə)l/ | táctico, estratégico |
| absurd adjetivo | /əbˈsɜːd/ | absurdo |
| rejection sustantivo | /ɹɪˈd͡ʒɛkʃən/ | rechazo, rechazamiento |
| unreasonable adjetivo | /ʌnˈɹiːz.(ə)nə.bl̩/ | irrazonable |
| bluff sustantivo | /blʌf/ | farol, bluf |
| tone sustantivo | /ˈtəʊn/ | tono |
| argue verbo | /ˈɑɹ.ɡju/ | argüir, argumentar |
| reveal verbo | /ɹɪˈviːl/ | revelar, propalar |
Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar
| Palabra | Pronunciación | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| fall apart verbo | despedazarse, desintegrarse | |
| line up verbo | /laɪnˈʌp/ | alinear |
| back down verbo | recular, echarse atrás | |
| come across verbo | pasarse a | |
| follow up verbo | dar seguimiento, dar un seguimiento | |
| go up verbo | subir | |
| hand over verbo | devolver, entregar | |
| throw out verbo | /ˈθɹəʊ ˌaʊt/ | botar, tirar |
Pronunciación a tener en cuenta
El hablante usa 86 contracciones y formas reducidas, como you're, they're, don't. Dilas en su forma corta, tal como las oyes.
- Los sonidos de “th”: threaten /ˈθɹɛt.n̩/, authenticity /ɑθɛnˈtɪsɪti/
- Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: negotiation /nɪˌɡəʊ.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/, negotiate /nəˈɡəʊ.ʃi.eɪt/, concession /kənˈsɛʃən/, rejection /ɹɪˈd͡ʒɛkʃən/, conditional /kənˈdɪʃ.ə.nəl/
- Palabras largas — cuida el acento: negotiation /nɪˌɡəʊ.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/, negotiate /nəˈɡəʊ.ʃi.eɪt/, psychology /saɪˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/, credibility /kɹɛd.əˈbɪ.ɫɪ.ti/, genuinely /ˈd͡ʒɛn.ju.ɪn.li/
Cómo practicar con este vídeo
- Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
- Empieza a velocidad 0,75×, haz shadowing frase por frase y vuelve a la velocidad normal cuando te resulte fácil.
- Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como negotiation, silence, negotiate.
Gramática en este vídeo
Las estructuras que más usa el hablante, con las palabras exactas del vídeo:
| Estructura | En el vídeo |
|---|---|
| Oraciones condicionales if + oración, will/would + verbo — una condición y su resultado | if they accept, they'll remember · If I can do that, would you · If you give a concession freely, they'll see |
| Present perfect have/has + participio pasado — una acción pasada que sigue importando ahora | has already set · have tested · you've just set |
| Voz pasiva be + participio pasado — importa lo que ocurre, no quién lo hace | be understood · are wired · be fixed |
| Oraciones de relativo who / which + oración — información extra sobre una persona o cosa | person who speaks · someone who was |
¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.