Shadowing Practice: Why Matsutake Mushrooms Are So Expensive | So Expensive - Learn English Speaking with Video
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Every year, Gihei Fujara goes into the mountains hunting for this — a Masutake mushroom.
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If the harvest is low, wholesale Masutake can cost over $500 per kilogram.
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And over the past 70 years, Japan's harvest has declined by over 95 percent.
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Now the mushroom's future is unclear.
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So what makes these mushrooms so expensive?
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And why have they almost disappeared?
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Matsutake can't exist without trees.
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They grow connected to the roots of red pine trees in a symbiotic relationship.
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Matsutake grow in several countries, including China and South Korea.
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But Japan's fetch the highest price.
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In 2021, the season's first Matsutake were auctioned off for over $7 ,000.
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They're harvested once a year, from around September to November.
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But because the domestic harvest in Japan has plummeted, the price is volatile.
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Unlike other prized foods, it's not a problem of over -harvesting.
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It's a problem of changing habitat.
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Matsutake can't be grown on farms.
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They have to be foraged by hand.
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But foraging is no easy task.
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Gihie Fujara has been foraging Matsutake for over 60 years.
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There's a lot of anticipation leading up to each harvest season.
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Yeah.
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Gihei forages from dawn till dusk, returning home around midday to empty out his baskets.
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Even for someone with his experience, it can be hard to predict the quality of a harvest.
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Even with a good harvest, these mushrooms are difficult to find.
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They blend in with the forest floor and often don't grow at the base of a tree.
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Knowing where to look is a result of decades of foraging on this mountain.
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I feel like it's a good day to go to the beach.
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It's a good day here.
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It's a good day to go to the beach.
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I'm going to go to the mountain and I'm going to do things like that.
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I'm going to go to the beach
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and I'm going to go to the beach and I'm going to go to the beach.
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I'm still going to use it.
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It's exhausting work.
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But today Gihei is rewarded, filling several baskets each trip.
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But his work isn't over when the harvest ends.
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In the off -season, Gihei goes back to the mountain and tries to cultivate Matsutake. or do a trimakaki.
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Gihei also tries to spread the spores of Matsutake to help them grow.
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But cultivating Matsutake this way takes around five years, and success isn't guaranteed.
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Even though this year was a big harvest, the long -term trend is in decline.
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In 1953, Japan harvested around 6400 metric tons of Matsutake.
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But in 2019, it harvested only 14 metric tons.
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One of the biggest reasons for this decline is a change in how forests are maintained.
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and the trees were all gathered and gathered up to the trees.
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And then the Matsu -take grew up and grew up.
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Matsutake also grows best with red pine trees that are a few decades old.
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But over the past century, an invasive pest called Pinewood Nematode has been hurting the growth of red pine trees throughout Japan pan.
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Without the trees, Masutake won't be able to survive.
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The mushrooms also need ample rainfall and cool temperatures early in the season.
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All of these factors create a delicate balance for Masutake.
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Harvests vary widely each year, which causes big changes in price.
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In 2018, prices were 20 to 50 percent lower than the year before because of a good harvest.
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But in 2019, when there was a period of dry weather, prices almost doubled, reaching over $800 per kilogram in some parts of Japan.
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Today, Japan imports over 90 % of its Masutaki from places like
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China and South Korea.
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In 2019, only around 14 of the 1 ,000 metric tons consumed were harvested domestically.
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Imported Matsutake are more affordable compared to the ones grown in Japan.
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But some people consider these mushrooms to be less fresh and not as flavorful.
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Matsutake with a closed cap are often considered to be the most valuable.
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But different sizes are used in different types of dishes.
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A full course meal at this inn costs around $130.
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This season is one of the most fun things we can do in this season.
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I think it's a fun idea to make a fun idea.
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For Japanese people, it's a贅 of Masutake in the summer, but everyone wants to eat it once again.
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Due to the declining harvest, Masutake mushrooms were listed as vulnerable in 2020.
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But the species isn't gone yet.
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But if its growth and environment aren't sustained, this legendary mushroom likely won't get cheaper anytime soon.
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Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección
Esta lección de conversación se basa en el vídeo “Why Matsutake Mushrooms Are So Expensive”. Las palabras que más se repiten: Matsutake, harvest, tree, mushroom, Masutake. Este vídeo tiene 67 frases y 740 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 7:47. El hablante habla despacio, unas 95 palabras por minuto, así que hay tiempo para imitar cada sonido. Solo el 77 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés, por lo que el vocabulario es exigente.
Vocabulario clave de este vídeo
15 palabras del vídeo que vale la pena aprender, con su pronunciación y significado:
| Palabra | Pronunciación | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| harvest sustantivo | /ˈhɑɹ.vəst/ | cosecha |
| decline verbo | /dɪˈklaɪn/ | periclitar, declinar |
| ton sustantivo | /tʌn/ | tonelada |
| pine sustantivo | /paɪn/ | pino |
| metric adjetivo | /ˈmɛt.ɹɪk/ | métrico |
| import sustantivo | /ˈɪm.pɔɹt/ | importación |
| basket sustantivo | /ˈbæskɪt/ | cesta, cesto |
| meal sustantivo | /ˈmiːl/ | comida, pitanza |
| compare verbo | /kəmˈpɛɚ/ | comparar, parangonar |
| guarantee sustantivo | /ˌɡæɹ.ənˈtiː/ | garantía, caución |
| connect verbo | /kəˈnɛkt/ | conectar, empalmar |
| reward sustantivo | /ɹɪˈwɔɹd/ | recompensa |
| auction sustantivo | /ˈɔkʃən/ | subasta, remate |
| dawn sustantivo | /dɔːn/ | alba, amanecer |
| vary verbo | /ˈvɛəɹi/ | variar |
Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar
| Palabra | Significado |
|---|---|
| grow up verbo | crecer |
Gramática en este vídeo
Las estructuras que más usa el hablante, con las palabras exactas del vídeo:
| Estructura | En el vídeo |
|---|---|
| Present perfect continuous have/has been + -ing — una acción que empezó antes y continúa | has been foraging · has been hurting |
| Voz pasiva be + participio pasado — importa lo que ocurre, no quién lo hace | were auctioned · can't be grown · be foraged |
| Present perfect have/has + participio pasado — una acción pasada que sigue importando ahora | has declined · has plummeted |
Pronunciación a tener en cuenta
El hablante usa 16 contracciones y formas reducidas, como I'm, isn't, can't. Dilas en su forma corta, tal como las oyes.
- Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: mushroom /ˈmʌʃˌɹuːm/, auction /ˈɔkʃən/, dish /dɪʃ/, anticipation /ænˌtɪs.əˈpeɪ.ʃən/
- Palabras largas — cuida el acento: legendary /ˈlɛd͡ʒ.ənˌdɛɹ.i/, affordable /əˈfɔɹ.də.bəl/, anticipation /ænˌtɪs.əˈpeɪ.ʃən/, symbiotic /ˌsɪm.baɪˈɑt.ɪk/
Sonidos difíciles para hispanohablantes:
- /v/ — no es /b/: los dientes tocan el labio inferior: harvest /ˈhɑɹ.vəst/, vary /ˈvɛəɹi/, vulnerable /ˈvʌln(ə)ɹəbl̩/, volatile /ˈvɑ.lə.təl/, invasive /ɪnˈveɪsɪv/
- /dʒ/ — no es la “y” ni la “ch”: legendary /ˈlɛd͡ʒ.ənˌdɛɹ.i/, forage /ˈfoɹɪd͡ʒ/
- /h/ — una aspiración suave, no la “j”: harvest /ˈhɑɹ.vəst/, habitat /ˈhæb.ɪ.tæt/, wholesale /ˈhoʊlseɪl/
Cómo practicar con este vídeo
- Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
- Haz shadowing frase por frase a velocidad normal, repitiendo cada una hasta que tu ritmo coincida con el del hablante.
- Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como harvest, decline, ton.
¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.