Pratique du Shadowing: Batman - The Dark Knight | The Joker Compilation (All Scenes) - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
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576 phrases
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1
I You
2
don't have any idea who you steal this truck?
3
You and your friends are dead!
4
He's out, right?
5
Where did you learn to count?
6
That's a lot of money.
7
If this Joker guy was so smart, he'd have had to spring a bigger car.
8
I'm betting the Joker told you to kill me as soon as we loaded the cash.
9
No, no, no, no. I killed a bus driver.
10
Bus driver?
11
What bus driver?
12
School's out.
13
Time to go.
14
It's not getting up, is it?
15
That's a lot of money.
16
What happened to the rest of the guys?
17
Think you're smart, huh?
18
The guy that hired yous, they'll just do the same to you.
19
Oh, criminals in this town used to believe in things.
20
Honor, respect.
21
Look at you.
22
What do you believe in, huh?
23
What do you believe in?
24
I believe whatever doesn't kill you simply makes you...
25
...stranger.
26
I thought my jokes were bad.
27
Give me one reason why I shouldn't have my boy here pull your head off.
28
How about a magic trick?
29
I'm gonna make this pencil disappear.
30
Ta -da!
31
It's...
32
It's gone.
33
Oh, and by the way, the suit, it wasn't cheap.
34
You ought to know you bought it.
35
Sid.
36
I want to hear proposition.
37
Let's wind the clocks back a year.
38
These cops and lawyers wouldn't dare cross any of you.
39
I mean, what happened?
40
Did your balls drop off?
41
Hmm?
42
You see a guy like me...
43
Freak!
44
A guy like me.
45
Look, listen.
46
I know why you choose to have your little group therapy sessions in broad daylight.
47
I know why you're afraid to go out at night.
48
The Batman.
49
See, Batman has shown
50
Gotham your true colors, unfortunately.
51
Dent, he's just the beginning.
52
And as for the television's so -called plan, Batman has no jurisdiction.
53
He'll find him and make him squeal.
54
I know the squealers when I see them. and...
55
What's your proposal?
56
It's simple.
57
We kill the Batman.
58
If it's so simple, why haven't you done it already?
59
If you're good at something, never do it for free.
60
How much you will?
61
Half.
62
You're crazy.
63
I'm not.
64
No, I'm not.
65
If we don't deal with this, now.
66
Soon, little Gamble here won't be able to get a nickel for his grandma.
67
Enough from the clown!
68
Let's not blow this out of proportion.
69
You think you could steal from us and just walk away?
70
Yeah.
71
I'm putting the word out.
72
500 grand for this clown dead.
73
A million alive.
74
So I can teach him some manners first.
75
All right, so listen, why don't you give me a call when you want to start taking things a little more seriously?
76
Here's my card.
77
Yo, Gamble, somebody here for you.
78
They say they've just killed the Joker.
79
They broke the body. So, dead?
80
That's 500.
81
How about a lie?
82
Hmm?
83
You want to know how I got these scars?
84
My father.. was a drinker and a fiend.
85
And one night, he goes off crazier than usual.
86
Mommy gets the kitchen knife to defend herself.
87
He doesn't like that.
88
Not one bit.
89
So, me watching, he takes the knife to her, laughing while he does it.
90
He turns to me and he says, why so serious?
91
He comes at me with the knife.
92
Why so serious?
93
He sticks the blade in my mouth.
94
Let's put a smile on that face. And...
95
Why so serious?
96
Now, our operation is small, but there's a lot of potential for aggressive expansion.
97
So which of you fine gentlemen would like to join our team?
98
Oh, there's only one spot open right now, so we're gonna have tryouts.
99
I think your fundraiser will be a great successor.
100
And why do you think I want to hold a party for Harvey Dent?
101
Well, I assumed it was your usual reason for socializing beyond myself and the scum of Gotham's underbelly.
102
Could try to impress Miss Dawes.
103
They're very droll, but very wrong.
104
Actually, it's, uh, it's dead. Be aware.
105
The image is disturbing.
106
Tell them your name.
107
Brian.
108
Douglas.
109
Are you the real Batman?
110
No. No?
111
No. No. Then why do you dress up like him?
112
Woo -hoo -hoo!
113
He's a symbol.
114
We don't have to be afraid of scum like you.
115
Yeah.
116
You do, Brian.
117
You really do.
118
Yeah.
119
Oh, shh, shh, shh, shh, shh.
120
So you think
121
Batman's made Gotham a better place?
122
Look at me.
123
Look at me!
124
You see, this is how crazy
125
Batman's made Gotham.
126
You want order in Gotham.
127
Batman must take off his mask and turn himself in.
128
Oh, and every day he doesn't, people will die.
129
Starting tonight.
130
I'm a man of my word.
131
You've come for it.
132
We made it.
133
Where's Dan?
134
Good evening, ladies and gentlemen.
135
We are tonight's entertainment.
136
I only have one question. Where is Harvey Dent?
137
You know where Harvey is?
138
Do you know who he is?
139
Hands up, pretty boy.
140
Ah!
141
Ah!
142
Ah!
143
Do you know where I can find Harvey?
144
I need to talk to him about something.
145
Just something little, huh?
146
No. What's going on out there?
147
Wait!
148
Thank God you've got a panic room.
149
Hey, wait!
150
Oh, you've got to be kidding me.
151
You know, I'll settle for his loved ones.
152
We're not intimidated by thugs.
153
You know, you remind me of my father.
154
I hated my father.
155
Okay, stop.
156
Well, hello, beautiful.
157
You must be Harvey's squeeze. And you are beautiful.
158
Well, you look nervous.
159
Is it the scars?
160
You want to know how I got them?
161
Come here.
162
Hey.
163
Look at me.
164
So I had a wife.
165
She was beautiful.
166
Like you.
167
Who tells me I worry too much?
168
Who tells me I ought to smile more?
169
Who gambles and gets in deep with the sharks?
170
Hey, one day they carve her face.
171
We have no money for surgeries.
172
She can't take it.
173
I just want to see her smile again.
174
I just want her to know that I don't care about the scars.
175
So, I stick a razor in my mouth and do this to myself. And you know what?
176
She can't stand the sight of me.
177
She leaves.
178
Now I see the funny side.
179
Now I'm always smiling.
180
A little fighting you.
181
I like that.
182
Then you're gonna love me.
183
Drop the gun.
184
Oh, sure, you just take off your little mask and show us all who you really are.
185
Hmm?
186
Let her go.
187
Very poor choice of words. Are you alright?
188
Let's not do that again.
189
Aaron!
190
Fuck!
191
Aaron!
192
Aaron!
193
Aaron!
194
Aaron!
195
Hey, you wait like everybody else, pal.
196
What the hell is that?
197
Obstruction ahead, obstruction ahead.
198
Dammit, all units divert down on the lower 5th.
199
I repeat, exit down.
200
Exit down.
201
Lower 5th would be like turkeys on Thanksgiving down there.
202
I'm sorry.
203
Come on, get us out of here.
204
Let's go.
205
Listen, we need backup.
206
We've got company.
207
We've got trouble, guys.
208
Lock and load!
209
What the hell was that?
210
These things are built for that, right?
211
He's going to need something a lot bigger to get through this.
212
What is that?
213
What is that, a bazooka?
214
I didn't sign up for this!
215
Look out!
216
Look out!
217
Come on, let's go!
218
I'm not sure what's going on.
219
Harvey Harvey Harvey Dent.
220
Oh, excuse me, I want to drive.
221
We gotta get topside, we need air support now!
222
I like this job, I like it.
223
Goodbye.
224
We're on point.
225
Ready to give them some of their own medicine?
226
That's what I'm talking about.
227
Dear Cavs.
228
Okay, rack them up.
229
That's not good.
230
Okay, that's not good.
231
Oh, my God.
232
Now there's a Batman.
233
Oh, you want to play?
234
Come on.
235
Come on.
236
He missed!
237
You can't stop here.
238
We're like sitting ducks.
239
Come on.
240
Come on.
241
I want you to do it.
242
I want you to do it.
243
Come on!
244
Come on.
245
Come on.
246
Come on.
247
I want you to do it.
248
I want you to do it.
249
Come on, hit me.
250
Come on, hit me.
251
Come on, hit me!
252
Ah!
253
Hit me!
254
I'm sorry.
255
I'm sorry.
256
I'm sorry.
257
I'm sorry.
258
I'm sorry you son of a bitch.
259
Stand away!
260
All of you!
261
I don't want anything for his mob lawyer to use, you understand?
262
Back from the dead.
263
I, uh, couldn't risk my family's safety.
264
What do we got?
265
Nothing.
266
No matches on prints, DNA, dental.
267
Clothing is custom.
268
No labels.
269
Nothing in his pockets but knives and lint.
270
No name.
271
No other alias.
272
Go home, Gordon.
273
The clown will keep till morning.
274
Go get some rest.
275
You're gonna need it.
276
Tomorrow you take the big job.
277
You don't have any say in the matter, Commissioner Gordon.
278
I don't feel good.
279
You're a cop killer.
280
You're lucky to be feeling anything below the neck.
281
Please!
282
Step away from the bars!
283
My insides hurt.
284
Does it depress you, Commissioner, to know just how alone you really are?
285
Does it make you feel responsible for Harvey Dent's current predicament?
286
Where is he?
287
What's the time?
288
What difference does that make?
289
Well, depending on the time, he may be in one spot or several.
290
If we're gonna play games...
291
Mm -hmm.
292
I'm gonna need a cup of coffee.
293
The good cop, bad cop routine?
294
Not exactly.
295
Never start with the head.
296
The victim gets all fuzzy.
297
He can't feel the next...
298
See?
299
You wanted me.
300
Here I am.
301
I wanted to see what you'd do. And you didn't disappoint.
302
You let five people die.
303
Then you let
304
Dent take your place.
305
Even to a guy like me, that's cold.
306
Where's Dent?
307
Those mob fools want you gone so they can get back to the way things were.
308
But I know the truth.
309
There's no going back.
310
You've changed things.
311
Forever.
312
Then why do you want to kill me?
313
I don't want to kill you.
314
What would I do without you?
315
Go back to ripping off mob dealers?
316
No, no. No. No, you.. you complete me.
317
You're garbage.
318
You're kills for money.
319
Don't talk like one of them.
320
You're not.
321
Even if you'd like to be.
322
To them, you're just a freak.
323
Like me.
324
They need you right now.
325
But when they don't, they'll cast you out.
326
Like a leper.
327
See, their morals, their code, it's a bad joke.
328
Dropped at the first sign of trouble.
329
They're only as good as the world allows them to be.
330
I'll show you.
331
When the chips are down, these civilized people, they'll eat each other.
332
See, I'm not a monster.
333
I'm just ahead of the curve.
334
Where's Dent?
335
You have all these rules, and you think they'll save you.
336
He's in control.
337
I have one rule.
338
Oh, then that's the rule you'll have to break to know the truth. Which is?
339
The only sensible way to live in this world is without rules.
340
And tonight, you're gonna break your one rule.
341
I'm considering it.
342
No, there's only minutes left.
343
You're gonna have to play my little game if you want to save one of them.
344
Yeah?
345
You know, for a while there, I thought you really were a dand.
346
The way you threw yourself after...
347
Look at you go!
348
Does Harvey know about you and his little bullies? Where are they?
349
Killing is making a choice.
350
Where are they?
351
Choose between one life or the other.
352
Your friend, the district attorney, or his bushing bride to be...
353
You have nothing!
354
Nothing to threaten me with.
355
Nothing to do with all your strength.
356
Don't worry.
357
I'm gonna tell you where they are.
358
Both of them.
359
And that's the point.
360
You'll have to choose.
361
He's at 250 52nd Street.
362
And she's on Avenue X. At Cicero.
363
I want my phone call.
364
I want it.
365
I want my phone call.
366
That's not true.
367
How many of your friends have I killed?
368
I'm a 20 -year man, and I know the difference between punks who need a little lesson in manners,
369
and the freaks like you who would just enjoy it.
370
And you killed six of my friends.
371
Please, my insides hurt.
372
I don't really care.
373
Back away.
374
The boss said he'd make the voices go away.
375
He said he'd go inside and replace them with bright lights.
376
Like Christmas.
377
You're out of your mind, pal.
378
Back off.
379
Man, it's right away in the holding tank.
380
Come on, get the door open.
381
You guys, back on!
382
Do you want to know why I use a knife?
383
Gums are too quick.
384
You can't savor all the little emotion.
385
You see, in their last moments, people show you who they really are.
386
So in a way, I knew your friends better than you ever did.
387
Would you like to know which of them were cowards?
388
What's that?
389
He's got some kind of a...
390
...contusion.
391
I know you're gonna enjoy this.
392
I'm gonna have to try and enjoy it even more.
393
Drop the weapon now!
394
It's my own damn appaltry!
395
Just shut up!
396
Let it go now!
397
Drop it on the floor now!
398
Drop the weapon!
399
What?
400
Sorry?
401
What do you want?
402
I just want my phone call.
403
What?
404
What?
405
What's happening?
406
Just talk to me just for one second.
407
All right?
408
All right.
409
Is that a.. phone?
410
Hello there.
411
Back at the MCU?
412
The Joker's gone.
413
Willow?
414
The Joker planned to be caught.
415
He wanted me to lock him up in the MCU.
416
No so crazy as you look.
417
I told you, I'm a man of my word. Where is the Italian?
418
All tactical units will converge on the location in 20 minutes.
419
I want auxiliary units to cover all possible getaway routes.
420
Please.
421
Joker, man.
422
What do you do with all your men?
423
You see, I'm a guy of simple taste.
424
I enjoy dynamite and gunpowder and gasoline.
425
What's this?
426
And you know the thing that they have in common?
427
They're a cheap.
428
I want to know how much they're paying you to say who
429
Batman really is.
430
This is our chance.
431
I want Lao alive.
432
The Joker, either way.
433
Hey, Jim, get a load of this.
434
Let's take the next caller.
435
Harvey Dent didn't want to give in to this maniac.
436
Do you think you know better than him?
437
I think that if we could talk to Dent today, he may feel different.
438
And we wish him a speedy recovery.
439
As God knows, we need him now.
440
Sergio Romano should work.
441
Oh, I am.
442
I'm only burning my half.
443
All you care about is money.
444
This town deserves a better class of criminal.
445
And I'm gonna give it to him.
446
Tell your men they work for me now.
447
This is my city.
448
It won't work for a freak.
449
Why don't we cut you up into little pieces and feed you to your pooches?
450
And then we'll see how loyal a hungry dog really is.
451
It's not about money.
452
It's about sending a message.
453
Everything burns. Who is this?
454
I had a vision of a world without Batman.
455
The mob ground out a little profit, and the police tried to shut them down one block at a time.
456
And it was so boring.
457
I've had a change of heart.
458
I don't want Mr. Reese spoiling everything, but why should I have all the fun?
459
Let's give someone else a chance.
460
If Coleman Reese isn't dead in 60 minutes, then I blow up a hospital.
461
I want you to call in every officer.
462
Tell them to head to their nearest hospital and start EVAC and search.
463
Call the transit authorities, school boards, prisons, get every available bus down to a hospital.
464
The priority is Gotham General.
465
We'll let everybody out of that place right now.
466
You, you and you, you come with me.
467
Where are we going, sir?
468
To get Reese.
469
Hi.
470
You know, I don't want there to be any hard feelings between us, Harvey.
471
When you and, uh, Rachel...
472
Rachel!
473
Rachel were being abducted, I was sitting in Gordon's cage.
474
Now, I didn't rig those charges.
475
Your man, your plan.
476
Do I really look like a guy with a plan?
477
You know what I am?
478
I'm a dog chasing cars.
479
I wouldn't know what to do with one if I caught it.
480
You know, I just do.
481
things.
482
The mob has plans.
483
The cops have plans.
484
Gordon's got plans.
485
You know, they're schemers.
486
Schemers trying to control their little worlds.
487
I'm not a schemer.
488
I try to show the schemers how pathetic their attempts to control things really are.
489
So, when I say, uh, come here, when I say that you and your girlfriend was nothing personal.
490
You know that I'm telling the truth.
491
I'm gonna need your weapon.
492
What?
493
Why?
494
Because my wife's in the hospital.
495
Yeah, that would be why.
496
It's the schemers that put you where you are.
497
You were a schemer.
498
You had plans.
499
and look where that got you.
500
Police, of course, have taken every possible precaution and urging everyone not to take matters into their own hands.
501
I just did what I do best.
502
I took your little plan and I turned it on itself.
503
Look what I did to this city with a few drums of gas and a couple of bullets.
504
Hmm?
505
You know what I noticed?
506
Nobody panics when things go according to plan.
507
Even if the plan is horrifying.
508
If tomorrow I tell the press that like a gangbanger will get shot or a truckload of soldiers will be blowing up,
509
nobody panics because it's all part of the plan.
510
But when I say that one little old mare will die, well, then everyone loses their minds.
511
Introduce a little anarchy.
512
Upset the established order, and everything becomes chaos.
513
I'm an agent of chaos.
514
Oh, and you know the thing about chaos?
515
It's fear.
516
You live.
517
You die.
518
Now we're talking.
519
Mr. Ringgitsa!
520
Oh, my God.
521
Oh my god.
522
Looks like some kind of detonator.
523
Why would they give us the detonator to our own bomb?
524
Tonight you're all gonna be a part of a social experiment.
525
I'm gonna blow you all sky high.
526
Liberty, come in.
527
Over.
528
It's dead.
529
If anyone attempts to get off their boat, you all die.
530
Each of you has a remote.
531
Blow up the other boat.
532
At midnight, I blow you all up.
533
If, however, one of you presses the button, I'll let that boat live.
534
So, who's it gonna be?
535
Harvey Dent's most wanted scumbag collection, or the sweet and innocent civilians.
536
You choose.
537
Oh, and you might want to decide quickly because the people on the other boat may not be quite so noble.
538
We really should stop this fighting.
539
Otherwise we'll miss the fireworks.
540
There won't be any fireworks.
541
And here we go.
542
What were you trying to prove?
543
That deep down, everyone's as ugly as you.
544
You're alone.
545
You can't rely on anyone these days.
546
You gotta do everything yourself.
547
Don't we?
548
That's okay.
549
We came prepared.
550
It's a funny world we live in.
551
Speaking of which, you know how I got these scars?
552
No. But I know how you got these!
553
Uh, uh, uh, you.
554
You just couldn't let me go, could you?
555
This is what happens when an unstoppable force meets an immovable object.
556
You truly are incorruptible, aren't you?
557
Huh?
558
You won't kill me out of some misplaced sense of self -righteousness.
559
And I won't kill you because you're just too much fun.
560
I think you and I are destined to do this forever.
561
You'll be in a better tale forever.
562
Maybe we could share one.
563
You know, they'll be doubling up the rate this city's inhabitants are losing their minds.
564
This city just showed you that it's full of people ready to believe in good.
565
Until their spirit breaks completely.
566
Until they get a good look at the real Harvey Dent.
567
And all the heroic things he's done.
568
You didn't think I'd risk losing the battle for Gotham's soul in a fist fight with you.
569
No. No. You need an ace in the hole.
570
Mine's Harvey.
571
What did you do?
572
I took Gotham's white knight, and I brought him down to our level.
573
It wasn't hard.
574
See, madness, as you know, is like gravity.
575
All it takes is a little push.
576
Oh
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale s’appuie sur la vidéo « Batman - The Dark Knight ». Cette vidéo contient 576 phrases et 3376 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 43:30. Le locuteur parle lentement, environ 78 mots par minute, ce qui laisse le temps d’imiter chaque son. 82 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais ; le reste mérite d’être vu avant de commencer. 112 de ses 576 phrases sont des questions : un bon entraînement pour l’intonation interrogative et les réponses courtes.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
15 mots de la vidéo à retenir, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| knife nom | /ˈnaɪ̯f/ | couteau |
| scar nom | /skɑɹ/ | cicatrice, balafre |
| chaos nom | /ˈkeɪˌɑs/ | chaos |
| panic nom | /ˈpænɪk/ | panique |
| clown nom | /ˈklaʊ̯n/ | clown, clownesse |
| steal verbe | /stiːl/ | voler |
| cop nom | /kɑp/ | flic, keuf |
| exit nom | /ˈɛɡzət/ | sortie |
| mask nom | /mæsk/ | masque |
| gentleman nom | /ˈd͡ʒɛn.təl.mən/ | monsieur |
| scum nom | /skʌm/ | écume, couche |
| obstruction nom | /əbˈstɹʌk.ʃən/ | obstruction |
| pocket nom | /ˈpɑ.kɪt/ | poche |
| trick nom | /ˈtɹɪk/ | tour |
| clothing nom | /ˈkloʊðɪŋ/ | vêtements, habits |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| blow up verbe | faire sauter | |
| look out verbe | prendre garde | |
| take off verbe | enlever, ôter | |
| back away verbe | reculer, faire marche arrière | |
| back off verbe | reculer | |
| drop off verbe | s’endormir, tomber | |
| get off verbe | descendre, faire descendre | |
| get through verbe | /ɡɛt ˈθɹu/ | franchir |
Des phrases à répéter
Des phrases courtes et complètes de la vidéo, à réutiliser dans la conversation de tous les jours :
- Where did you learn to count?
- What do you believe in?
- Did your balls drop off?
- You just couldn't let me go, could you?
- You truly are incorruptible, aren't you?
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant | has shown · haven't you done · they've just killed |
| Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait | are built · be caught · being abducted |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 155 contractions et formes réduites, comme I'm, you're, don't. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « th »: clothing /ˈkloʊðɪŋ/, pathetic /pəˈθɛtɪk/, threaten /ˈθɹɛt.n̩/, thug /θʌɡ/
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: obstruction /əbˈstɹʌk.ʃən/, emotion /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/, proportion /pɹəˈpɔɹʃən/, jurisdiction /d͡ʒʊɹɪsˈdɪkʃən/, proposition /ˌpɹɑpəˈzɪʃən/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: priority /pɹaɪˈɒɹɪti/, experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, jurisdiction /d͡ʒʊɹɪsˈdɪkʃən/, proposition /ˌpɹɑpəˈzɪʃən/, auxiliary /ɔɡˈzɪl.(jə).ɹi/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /h/ — il se souffle, il n’est pas muet: hungry /ˈhʌŋ.ɡɹi/, hire /ˈhaɪɹ/, heroic /hɪˈɹoʊ.ɪk/, horrify /ˈhɒɹɪfaɪ/, inhabitant /ɪnˈhæb.ɪ.tənt/
- /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: gentleman /ˈd͡ʒɛn.təl.mən/, chase /t͡ʃeɪs/, chip /t͡ʃɪp/, garbage /ˈɡɑɹ.bɪd͡ʒ/, cage /keɪd͡ʒ/
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: scar /skɑɹ/, obstruction /əbˈstɹʌk.ʃən/, trick /ˈtɹɪk/, proposal /pɹəˈpoʊzəl/, moral /ˈmoɹəl/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Répétez phrase par phrase à vitesse normale, en reprenant chacune jusqu’à ce que votre rythme corresponde à celui du locuteur.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme knife, scar, chaos.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.