Pratique du Shadowing: Can Cursor's HARDCORE Review Skill Stop The Slop? - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
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230 phrases
Si les phrases sont trop courtes ou trop longues, cliquez sur Edit pour les ajuster.
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Automated code review is one of the most impactful ways that you can improve the code quality coming out of your agent.
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I've known this for a while, but it's taking me a while to kind of implement it
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and figure out a reusable skill that I can give to people to review their code.
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I've got this review skill here in my skills repo, which is currently sitting at 109,000 stars,
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and it is currently marked as in progress.
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I'm sort of okay with it, but I'm not terribly happy with it.
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So I've been looking around for inspiration in other skills that I can copy from, steal ideas from, and one crossed my path that I want to show you.
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It is this one from the Cursed team.
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It is the Thermonuclear Code Quality Review.
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Use this skill for an unusually strict review focused on implementation quality, maintainability, abstraction quality and codebase health.
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And one thing I think is notable about this skill is how ambitious it asks the reviewer to be.
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asking it to be very ambitious and look for code judo moves throughout the review.
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The skill itself is simply one file.
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It's just a skill.md up here.
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And what I thought I'd do is I would copy it to my local system, try it out on some actual code of mine, and see what it comes up with.
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Yesterday, I spent a lot of time working on Sandcastle, my open source software factory.
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And so I figure I would review the last X number of commits and see what it thought about them.
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So I'm going to be pretty loose here.
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I'm just going to say thermonuclear code quality review.
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Review the last five PRs that made it to main.
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I'm going to stick it on auto mode and
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while it's doing this let's go and actually read the skill because that should explain the skill a bit more.
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So it starts from this baseline.
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Perform a deep code quality audit of the current branch's changes.
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Rethink how to structure implement the changes to meaningfully improve code quality without impacting behavior.
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Work to improve abstractions, modularity, reduce spaghetti code.
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Improve succinctness and legibility. Be ambitious.
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If there is a clear path to improving the implementation that involves restructuring some of the code base, go for it.
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Be extremely thorough and rigorous.
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Measure twice, cut once.
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What I've often found with review skills like this is that the agent is not ambitious enough.
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If you pass an agent a diff, then it will usually treat that diff as its bounds within which it can work.
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Whereas this prompt appears to be going beyond that.
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It's essentially saying look throughout the entire code base for opportunities, but starting from this current branch's changes.
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It also goes on to add a bunch of non-negotiable additional standards.
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Be ambitious about structural simplification.
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Again, the ambition.
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Do not let a PR push a file from under 1K lines to over 1K lines without a very strong reason.
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This is really interesting.
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I've actually reached this conclusion myself as well large files are just quite hard for agents to navigate
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because they need to ingest the entire file into their context
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window in order to find the thing that's actually useful within it.
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A much better way to structure that is to split them into multiple files
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and let the file name of the file be the context pointer
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that tells it what's in that file and whether it might need to open it.
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This ends up being a lot more context efficient.
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I have generally split my files if if they go over 5K tokens, but this 1K lines is sort of, I guess, a similar rubric.
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Do not allow random spaghetti growth in existing code.
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Okay, I see, It's sort of arguing against nesting here.
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If a change adds weird if statements in random places, treat that as a design problem, not a stylistic knit.
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Prefer pushing the logic into a dedicated abstraction helper state machine policy object or separate module instead of tangling an existing path.
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Interesting.
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This is another way of telling it to be aggressive about, you know, if there's a bunch of nested if statements and weird conditionals,
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maybe abstract that into a cleaner abstraction or a helper or something.
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It's arguable whether I prefer that.
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I suppose sometimes I do, sometimes I don't.
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But let's assume it's a good thing for now.
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Bias towards cleaning the design, not just accepting working code.
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Again, pushing it to be ambitious.
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Prefer direct, boring, maintainable code of a hacky and magical code.
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This is like a classic one in these prompts.
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This comes from, I think, Simplify in Claude Code.
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Not the same wording, I think, but a similar idea that you want simple, direct code that's easy to read.
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I really like this one, actually.
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Push hard on type and boundary cleanliness when they affect maintainability.
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So we're specifically talking about types here.
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Question unnecessary optionality, unknown, any, or cast heavy code when a clearer type boundary could exist.
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This is kind of TypeScript focused here.
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Unknown and any are specifically TypeScript terms.
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And the unnecessary optionality is one that always gets me.
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Whenever an agent adds a prop onto a React component, let's say, it always adds it as optional.
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I don't know why.
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I don't know why.
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It's so stupid.
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Even when it's always required, it will add it as optional just to make it backwards compatible or something, or to lessen the blast radius of the change.
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So yeah, question unnecessary optionality is a great one.
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Keep logic in the canonical layer and reuse existing helpers.
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Prefer existing canonical utilities and helpers over bespoke one-offs.
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Yes, I suppose it's basically just telling it to look for
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places where this has already been solved in the code base and use those instead.
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Makes sense.
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Treat unnecessary sequential orchestration and non-atomic updates as design smells when the cleaner structure is obvious.
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If independent work is serialized for no good reason, ask whether the flow should run in parallel instead.
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I see.
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This is about performance, essentially.
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Obviously, when two things that are independent, if they run in parallel, then it's going to be faster than if they run sequentially.
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So that's kind of what it's going for here.
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But it's also saying do not over-index on micro-optimizations.
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Okay, so it's basically telling it don't go too far.
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I think if this was my skill, I would definitely rewrite this to be a lot more direct.
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Treat unnecessary sequential orchestration, non-atomic updates as design smells.
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That's just word salad to me.
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I don't know what that means.
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So this is really cool.
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Primer review questions.
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For every meaningful change, ask, is there a code judo move that would make this dramatically simpler?
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That's great.
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I love that.
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Can this be reframed so that fewer concepts, branch or helper layers are needed?
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Lovely.
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I don't love this.
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Does this improve or worsen the local architecture?
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You've got to say exactly what good
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and bad looks like to an agent in order for improve or worsen to mean anything.
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Overall, this set of questions, along with the kind of rules above, give the agent a nice kind of way in to talking about the code, which is what you need.
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And now it talks about really bad stuff.
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Escalate findings when you see a complicated implementation where a cleaner reframing could delete whole categories of complexity.
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Refactors that move code around but fail to reduce the number of concepts a reader must hold in their head.
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Yeah, there's a bit of repetition going on here unnecessary casts, any unknown or optional params.
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What sort of scares me about these big review-based prompts is
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that this is a huge ball of mud for the agent to read.
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Like, there's a lot of instructions in here, and it's hard to know what to prioritize for the agent.
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So I don't know.
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This makes me a little bit nervous.
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I do like this, though.
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When you identify a code quality problem, perverse suggestions like delete a whole layer of indirection rather than polishing it.
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Again, ambition.
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Split a large file into smaller focused modules.
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Again, you know, making things easier to navigate for the agent.
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Again, duplication.
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Make type boundaries more explicit so the control flow gets simpler.
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There's a lot of duplication throughout a lot of this.
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This could be cut down, I think, quite a lot.
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Review tone.
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I don't know why this is here.
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This is just sort of saying choose your tone, I suppose.
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Be direct, serious, and demanding about quality.
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Do not be rude.
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This seems like a crazy thing to add to a skill.
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I don't know why that's here.
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What this does do is it does really punch the language that the agent should be using.
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So we're really emphasizing code judo, saying decompose, pushes the file past, makes the surrounding code more spaghetti.
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I like that.
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But the down we can say output expectations.
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Right.
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This is nice.
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It's saying to prioritize findings in this order.
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It's saying to float the important stuff to the top and legibility and maintainability concerns are at the bottom.
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Structural code quality regressions right at the top.
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Right.
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And it is asking for an approval here.
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So it's approving or rejecting the PR.
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And again, tons and tons of repetition here.
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This skill could be a lot shorter.
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So what we have is a large block of text that basically says be more ambitious.
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Here are some specific things that you can focus on in your review.
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Really go nuts here and propose a ton of structural changes.
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Make sure that you prioritize your findings in a certain order so you don't flood it with useless crap.
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And then approve or reject based on these conditions.
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What I don't like here is there's no mention of testing.
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There's no mention of scenes.
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There's no mention of any kind of improving the feedback loops to make future runs better,
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which in my view is the entire point now of having a good code base
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or having a code base that's easy to change and modular and easy to navigate.
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All of this appears to be focused on actual source code, none of it on tests.
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Interesting.
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But okay, let's read what it said here.
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So it's taken the last five PRs to main and it has found some blocker class structural issues.
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Okay, it's found that an init service is now a big file, so it's over 1,000 lines and it mixes a bunch of stuff here
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and it should have been preceded by a split and it's proposed a nice split there.
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Oh, it's also trying to create an abstraction here,
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a little make registry generic function returning this would delete 20 lines of duplicated boilerplate at the same time.
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Feels good.
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That's nice.
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So we now go to the next one, the feature specific if issue tracker name custom scattered across three layers.
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Interesting.
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It's basically saying that instead of this being a special case if statement here, we should instead do a bit of code judo
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and push the custom tracker variations into a type itself and then it can be read later.
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I think in terms of suggestions here, I happen to know this code quite well.
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I think we are at two out of two here.
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That seems like two really good suggestions.
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Down here we have an inconsistent contract.
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Template args carries both shell commands and prose markers.
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It's basically saying that some of these are runnable but some of these are not runnable here.
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And it's saying that maybe we should widen the type to either a command
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or a to-do marker discriminated union or use a different field entirely for unfilled markers.
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So basically, it's basically trying to strengthen the type boundary here
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so that we don't later pass in a prose marker into something else.
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That's interesting.
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I think that this comes from an inaccurate understanding of the whole system, which is okay.
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You're going to get some false positives, I suppose, to the false positive in any review prompt.
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So this is the kind of thing, if it came up in a PR, I would say, this is fine.
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Don't worry about it.
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So two out of three, not bad.
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Let's look at the strong code quality issues.
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Aha, we do have a weird bug here that it's, well not a bug, just a weird bit of code design.
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We essentially have different templates in Sandcastle that each declare the dependencies that they need.
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And mostly they declare Zod as their dependency.
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So we have this weird code path in here that looks like it just hardcodes Zod.
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And then, interesting.
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Yeah, overall this is quite hard to explain, but it's definitely pulled up something weird here.
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So I think we're at three out of four, which is good.
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Oh, it's found some swallowed errors here.
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Exact sync inside effect.sync with swallowed errors.
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Interesting.
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We can see it's trying something inside here.
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And if it fails, then it just like returns false inside here.
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So yeah, this is definitely another thing that I would like the reviewer to look at.
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Looks like we started decomposing a large file into small files, but only half finished.
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So this again is a good one.
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This is five out of six so far.
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And it's now saying there is a bit of prompt duplication within some prompts that were changed here.
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So the change is byte identical for two different prompts here.
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It's saying that we should refactor those into an issue list preamble.
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I don't think that's right.
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I think that prompts should just be independently changeable.
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So not bad though.
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Five out of seven.
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Then it's got a list of smaller items worth fixing here.
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I've done a quick scan and I would say most of those look pretty good and interesting.
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I'm kind of intrigued by the approval bar here.
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Under the skills stated bar, a couple of the PRs should not have landed in their current shape.
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The behaviour is correct in all three substantive PRs, but the code base is meaningfully messier than it was a week ago.
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Well, cool.
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I mean, we got some really good feedback from this skill, I think.
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I think what this is teaching me is
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that actually getting the review to be super ambitious and getting it to push a lot of different options
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will give you more false positives, but those false positives are pretty easy just to say no to, right?
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It's the ones that you miss that you never know about, the opportunities for improvement that you never see, those are the dangerous ones.
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Overall, I will clean up this skill so it's not quite so duplicative, so there's a bit more dry.
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And I would also just get it to focus a lot more on tests as well.
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Think about the seams in your codebase, kind of like what my improved codebase architecture does.
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But overall, I think this is worth pulling down, experimenting with, and just seeing what comes out of it.
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Now, if you dig this stuff, then I'm running a cohort starting next week, starting June 1st, on AI coding for real engineers.
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This has been my most subscribed to course ever.
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People are going nuts for this.
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We're going to have, I think, around 4,000, 4,500 people in there.
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So yeah, it's absolutely wild.
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But if you're enjoying this stuff, if there's a skill that you want me to review, I really like making that content because it lets me steal ideas from other people's great skills, then let me know.
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Nice work, and I'll see you very soon.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette vidéo contient 230 phrases et 2662 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 13:23. Le locuteur parle vite, environ 199 mots par minute : attendez-vous à des liaisons et à des sons réduits. Seuls 80 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc exigeant.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
15 mots de la vidéo à retenir, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| skill nom | /skɪl/ | habileté, compétence |
| ambitious adjectif | /æmˈbɪʃ.əs/ | ambitieux |
| prompt verbe | /pɹɑmpt/ | inciter |
| unnecessary adjectif | /ʌnˈnɛs.əˌsɛɹ.i/ | inutile, non nécessaire |
| layer nom | /ˈleɪ̯ɚ/ | couche |
| structural adjectif | /ˈstɹʌk(t͡)ʃəɹəl/ | structurel, structural |
| boundary nom | /ˈbaʊndɹi/ | frontière, limite |
| marker nom | /ˈmɑː(ɹ)kə(ɹ)/ | marqueur |
| essentially adverbe | /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/ | essentiellement, en essence |
| implementation nom | /ˌɪmplɪmənˈteɪʃən/ | mise en œuvre |
| suggestion nom | /səˈd͡ʒɛst.ʃən/ | suggestion, proposition |
| delete verbe | /dɪˈliːt/ | supprimer |
| optional adjectif | /ˈɑp.ʃə.nəl/ | optionnel, facultatif |
| navigate verbe | /ˈnæv.ɪ.ɡeɪt/ | naviguer |
| tone nom | /ˈtəʊn/ | ton |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| clean up verbe | nettoyer | |
| come up with verbe | inventer, imaginer | |
| cut down verbe | abattre | |
| end up verbe | se terminer, se finir | |
| figure out verbe | cerner | |
| pull down verbe | rabattre, ramener | |
| pull up verbe | /ˌpʊl ˈʌp/ | soulever |
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Phrases conditionnelles if + proposition, will/would + verbe — une condition et son résultat | if this was my skill, I would definitely |
| Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant | I've known · I've often found · I've actually reached |
| Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait | is currently marked · been solved · is serialized |
| Propositions relatives who / which + proposition — une précision sur une personne ou une chose | repo, which is · code, which is · system, which is |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 36 contractions et formes réduites, comme don't, I'm, I've. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « th »: strengthen /ˈstɹɛŋ(k)θən/, thorough /ˈθʌɹoʊ/, thermonuclear /ˌθɜɹ.moʊˈn(j)uk.li.əɹ/
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: ambitious /æmˈbɪʃ.əs/, structural /ˈstɹʌk(t͡)ʃəɹəl/, essentially /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/, implementation /ˌɪmplɪmənˈteɪʃən/, suggestion /səˈd͡ʒɛst.ʃən/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: unnecessary /ʌnˈnɛs.əˌsɛɹ.i/, essentially /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/, implementation /ˌɪmplɪmənˈteɪʃən/, architecture /ˈɑː.kɪˌtɛk.t͡ʃə/, dependency /dɪˈpɛndənsi/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme skill, ambitious, prompt.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.