Pratique du Shadowing: What is clean code? - Uncle Bob - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
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80 phrases
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So I wrote to Yarna, I said, Yarna, what does clean code mean to you?
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And he said, and this is very typical of Yarna Strewstrup, he said, I like my code to be elegant and efficient.
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And then he said this, clean code does one thing well.
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One thing well.
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Now this one thing idea has been around in software for 40 years or more.
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People are always writing about how a function should do one thing and one thing well.
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It's a very, very old idea.
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And Strustrip echoes it here.
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Grady Booch, the chief scientist at Rational.
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He wrote a book in 1988 called Object-Oriented Software Design with Applications.
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Anybody read that book?
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1980s, late 80s?
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Do we have anybody who was born then?
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Yeah, okay, good.
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All right, so that's fine.
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Fascinating book, very early book on object-oriented design.
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Grady Butch is also the first person, I believe, to have the title chief scientist.
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I think he invented that.
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And Rational said, yeah, you can be the chief scientist, that's fine.
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And ever since then, everybody's wanted to be a chief scientist at some company somewhere.
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So I asked Grady, you know, Grady, what's clean code?
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He said, clean code is simple and direct, fine.
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And then he said this, clean code reads like well written prose.
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Have you ever read code that read like well-written prose?
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And let's go to Michael Feathers.
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Michael Feathers.
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I wrote to Michael, I said, hey Michael, what's clean code?
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And he said, clean code always looks like it was written by someone who cares.
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What a lovely statement.
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That's a good attitude right there.
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Clean code always looks like it was written by someone who cares.
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When's the last time you read a module
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and your thought as you were reading that module was the author cared about me.
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The author cared about everybody else who was going to be reading that code.
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When's the last time you had that experience, the author of this code cared about me.
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Very interesting.
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And by the way, it brings up a fascinating point.
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What's your job?
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You may think that your job is to get code to work.
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That's not your job.
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That's only half of your job, and it's the least important half of your job.
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The more important part of your job is that you must write code that other people can maintain,
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can use, can make work.
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If you hand me code that works perfectly, perfectly, but I can't understand it, then as soon as the requirements change, that code is useless.
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On the other hand, if you give me code that does not work, but I can understand it, I can make it work.
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It is much more important
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that your peers be able to understand the code you write than that the computer can understand the code that you wrote.
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It is more important to communicate with your peers using a programming language than it is to communicate with the computer.
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Because if you do that well, somebody will make it work.
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The last one.
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Ward Cunningham.
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Who knows who Ward Cunningham is?
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Somebody heard the name?
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You know who that is.
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A few of you do.
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You'll know who he is as soon as I tell you.
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He's the guy who invented the wiki.
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Who's used a wiki?
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Everybody puts their hand up.
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Okay, good.
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Okay, Ward Cunningham is the guy who invented the wiki.
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He invented the wiki out of 19 lines of pearl in 1990 something or other.
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Put it up on the website.
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By the way, that very first wiki is still alive.
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You can get to it if you want to.
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The URL is c2.com.
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The letter C and the digit 2.com.
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That is the very first wiki ever.
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It's still there.
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And by the way, it's full of fascinating stuff.
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You'll see all kinds of design pattern stuff and extreme programming stuff
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and agile stuff because it was there at the beginning
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and i asked ward ward what's clean code and he said this
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you know you're working on clean code when each routine you read turns out to be pretty much what you expected
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when's the last time you read code
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and as you're reading it it was pretty much what you expected you're reading along
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and you're going yeah yes yep yep yep yes mm-hmm yep yep yep when's the last time you had that experience
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what he's saying is no wtfs per minute zero clean code
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is no surprises no wtfs everything is pretty much what you expected.
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That's good clean code.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau C1 s’appuie sur la vidéo « What is clean code? - Uncle Bob ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : code, clean, wiki, ward, Grady. Cette vidéo contient 80 phrases et 776 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 5:37. Le locuteur parle à un rythme régulier d’environ 138 mots par minute, confortable pour le shadowing. 86 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais ; le reste mérite d’être vu avant de commencer.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| wiki nom | /ˈwɪki/ | wiki |
| ward nom | /wɔɹd/ | garde |
| scientist nom | /ˈsaɪəntəst/ | scientifique, savant |
| invent verbe | /ɪnˈvɛnt/ | inventer |
| communicate verbe | /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/ | communiquer |
| peer nom | /pɪɹ/ | pair, pareil (pareille f) |
| module nom | /ˈmɑd͡ʒul/ | module |
| prose nom | /ˈpɹoʊz/ | prose |
| efficient adjectif | /ɪˈfɪʃənt/ | efficace |
| routine nom | /ɹuˈtin/ | routine |
| requirement nom | /ɹɪˈkwaɪɹmənt/ | exigence, besoin |
| pearl nom | /pɝl/ | perle |
| echo nom | /ˈɛk.oʊ/ | écho |
| elegant adjectif | /ˈɛləɡənt/ | élégant |
| digit nom | /ˈdɪd͡ʒɪt/ | chiffre |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Sens |
|---|---|
| bring up verbe | élever |
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Propositions relatives who / which + proposition — une précision sur une personne ou une chose | anybody who was · someone who cares · guy who invented |
| Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait | was born · was written |
| Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant | has been · Have you ever read |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 7 contractions et formes réduites, comme you're, you'll, can't. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: module /ˈmɑd͡ʒul/, digit /ˈdɪd͡ʒɪt/, agile /ˈæd͡ʒ.aɪl/
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: ward /wɔɹd/, peer /pɪɹ/, prose /ˈpɹoʊz/, routine /ɹuˈtin/, requirement /ɹɪˈkwaɪɹmənt/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Répétez phrase par phrase à vitesse normale, en reprenant chacune jusqu’à ce que votre rythme corresponde à celui du locuteur.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme wiki, ward, scientist.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.