Prática de Shadowing: What is clean code? - Uncle Bob - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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So I wrote to Yarna, I said, Yarna, what does clean code mean to you?
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And he said, and this is very typical of Yarna Strewstrup, he said, I like my code to be elegant and efficient.
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And then he said this, clean code does one thing well.
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One thing well.
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Now this one thing idea has been around in software for 40 years or more.
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People are always writing about how a function should do one thing and one thing well.
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It's a very, very old idea.
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And Strustrip echoes it here.
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Grady Booch, the chief scientist at Rational.
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He wrote a book in 1988 called Object-Oriented Software Design with Applications.
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Anybody read that book?
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1980s, late 80s?
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Do we have anybody who was born then?
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Yeah, okay, good.
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All right, so that's fine.
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Fascinating book, very early book on object-oriented design.
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Grady Butch is also the first person, I believe, to have the title chief scientist.
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I think he invented that.
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And Rational said, yeah, you can be the chief scientist, that's fine.
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And ever since then, everybody's wanted to be a chief scientist at some company somewhere.
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So I asked Grady, you know, Grady, what's clean code?
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He said, clean code is simple and direct, fine.
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And then he said this, clean code reads like well written prose.
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Have you ever read code that read like well-written prose?
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And let's go to Michael Feathers.
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Michael Feathers.
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I wrote to Michael, I said, hey Michael, what's clean code?
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And he said, clean code always looks like it was written by someone who cares.
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What a lovely statement.
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That's a good attitude right there.
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Clean code always looks like it was written by someone who cares.
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When's the last time you read a module
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and your thought as you were reading that module was the author cared about me.
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The author cared about everybody else who was going to be reading that code.
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When's the last time you had that experience, the author of this code cared about me.
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Very interesting.
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And by the way, it brings up a fascinating point.
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What's your job?
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You may think that your job is to get code to work.
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That's not your job.
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That's only half of your job, and it's the least important half of your job.
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The more important part of your job is that you must write code that other people can maintain,
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can use, can make work.
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If you hand me code that works perfectly, perfectly, but I can't understand it, then as soon as the requirements change, that code is useless.
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On the other hand, if you give me code that does not work, but I can understand it, I can make it work.
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It is much more important
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that your peers be able to understand the code you write than that the computer can understand the code that you wrote.
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It is more important to communicate with your peers using a programming language than it is to communicate with the computer.
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Because if you do that well, somebody will make it work.
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The last one.
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Ward Cunningham.
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Who knows who Ward Cunningham is?
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Somebody heard the name?
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You know who that is.
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A few of you do.
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You'll know who he is as soon as I tell you.
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He's the guy who invented the wiki.
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Who's used a wiki?
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Everybody puts their hand up.
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Okay, good.
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Okay, Ward Cunningham is the guy who invented the wiki.
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He invented the wiki out of 19 lines of pearl in 1990 something or other.
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Put it up on the website.
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By the way, that very first wiki is still alive.
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You can get to it if you want to.
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The URL is c2.com.
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The letter C and the digit 2.com.
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That is the very first wiki ever.
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It's still there.
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And by the way, it's full of fascinating stuff.
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You'll see all kinds of design pattern stuff and extreme programming stuff
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and agile stuff because it was there at the beginning
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and i asked ward ward what's clean code and he said this
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you know you're working on clean code when each routine you read turns out to be pretty much what you expected
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when's the last time you read code
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and as you're reading it it was pretty much what you expected you're reading along
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and you're going yeah yes yep yep yep yes mm-hmm yep yep yep when's the last time you had that experience
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what he's saying is no wtfs per minute zero clean code
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is no surprises no wtfs everything is pretty much what you expected.
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That's good clean code.
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Esta aula de conversação de nível C1 usa o vídeo “What is clean code? - Uncle Bob”. As palavras que mais se repetem: code, clean, wiki, ward, Grady. Este vídeo tem 80 frases e 776 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 5:37. O falante mantém um ritmo estável de cerca de 138 palavras por minuto, confortável para o shadowing. 86% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês; vale a pena estudar o restante antes de começar.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
As 15 palavras mais avançadas do vídeo, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| wiki substantivo | /ˈwɪki/ | wiki |
| ward substantivo | /wɔɹd/ | guarda |
| scientist substantivo | /ˈsaɪəntəst/ | cientista |
| invent verbo | /ɪnˈvɛnt/ | inventar |
| communicate verbo | /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/ | comunicar |
| peer substantivo | /pɪɹ/ | par |
| module substantivo | /ˈmɑd͡ʒul/ | módulo |
| prose substantivo | /ˈpɹoʊz/ | prosa |
| efficient adjetivo | /ɪˈfɪʃənt/ | eficiente |
| routine substantivo | /ɹuˈtin/ | rotina |
| requirement substantivo | /ɹɪˈkwaɪɹmənt/ | exigência, requisito |
| pearl substantivo | /pɝl/ | pérola |
| echo substantivo | /ˈɛk.oʊ/ | eco |
| elegant adjetivo | /ˈɛləɡənt/ | elegante |
| digit substantivo | /ˈdɪd͡ʒɪt/ | dígito, algarismo |
Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir
| Palavra | Significado |
|---|---|
| bring up verbo | criar |
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Orações relativas who / which + oração — informação extra sobre uma pessoa ou coisa | anybody who was · someone who cares · guy who invented |
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | was born · was written |
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | has been · Have you ever read |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 7 contrações e formas reduzidas, como you're, you'll, can't. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
Sons difíceis para falantes de português:
- Consoante final — sem acrescentar um “i” depois: ward /wɔɹd/, scientist /ˈsaɪəntəst/, invent /ɪnˈvɛnt/, communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/, efficient /ɪˈfɪʃənt/
- /l/ final — a língua toca o céu da boca, não vira “u”: module /ˈmɑd͡ʒul/, pearl /pɝl/, agile /ˈæd͡ʒ.aɪl/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Faça shadowing frase por frase na velocidade normal, repetindo cada uma até o seu ritmo ficar igual ao do falante.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como wiki, ward, scientist.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.