Pratique du Shadowing: Coping skills and Psychological Defenses - An Introduction - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
Choisissez un mode d'entraînement
Chaque mode ouvre une salle d'entraînement en plein écran.
74 phrases
Si les phrases sont trop courtes ou trop longues, cliquez sur Edit pour les ajuster.
1
Hi, I'm Dr. Tracy Marks, a psychiatrist, and I make mental health education videos.
2
Today, I'm talking about coping skills and psychological defenses.
3
This is the second in a series that I started on psychological defense mechanisms.
4
The first one was this one that I did on what it means to project.
5
That's just one of several defenses.
6
I got a lot of requests to talk more about them, so in this video, I'm gonna back up and explain what they are.
7
First, what are coping skills, which are similar to defense mechanisms.
8
Coping skills are the thoughts and behaviors that you engage in that help you manage distressing situations.
9
And they can be divided into emotion -focused and problem -focused.
10
Emotion -focused coping skills help you feel better, but they don't change the situation.
11
They help manage your reaction to the situation.
12
Problem -focused skills are best for situations where you have some level of control over it
13
because they at least help you solve the problem or minimize it.
14
Here are some examples of negative or unhealthy emotion -focused coping skills.
15
Using alcohol or drugs to escape your emotions.
16
Comfort eating, blaming other people, or self -harm like cutting yourself or pulling out your eyelashes.
17
These are negative coping skills because the relief that they provide is very temporary and they create more problems for you.
18
For example, let's say you get a huge parking ticket because you parked in a no -parking zone.
19
Then you yell at your spouse and call them an idiot for not noticing the sign.
20
Yes, you may feel a little relief from releasing your anger unfiltered,
21
but now your partner is hurt and may even lash back at you with something even worse than what you said.
22
Now you have the additional stress of an argument and you still have to pay the ticket.
23
By contrast, here are some examples of positive or adaptive coping mechanisms.
24
Getting support from a friend, meditation, distraction through activities like exercise or gardening,
25
journaling, or reframing the situation to focus on the positive aspect of it.
26
Venting or having an emotional release like screaming in your bathroom is another good way to deal with upsetting or intense emotions.
27
And these are just a few.
28
Get my handout on more things that you can do to cope well.
29
You can get it from my website, or if you're a part of my email community, it was in your inbox when this video published.
30
Problem -focused coping skills are better when it's a situation you may be able to change with your efforts.
31
Examples of this are improving your time management, setting limits with people or limits with your time, or exploring solutions to things.
32
Like in the case of the parking ticket, you could focus on how you'll rearrange your budget to pay for the ticket.
33
Coping skills are the things that you do on a conscious level to deal with the distressing emotions.
34
Defense mechanisms occur on an unconscious level, meaning you're not always aware of what you're doing to deal with the inner conflict.
35
You may become aware of what you're doing, but usually in the moment, it's more of an automatic reflex.
36
The psychological defenses are divided into three categories, primitive, less primitive, and mature.
37
Primitive defenses are considered immature and childlike.
38
They're normal responses in childhood, but as we mature, we're supposed to adopt more of the mature defenses.
39
Some personality types employ more primitive defenses.
40
Borderline personality is one such personality.
41
In fact, the name borderline comes from the concept that the personality is on the border between neurotic and psychotic.
42
I have a future video coming up talking about what it means to be neurotic.
43
One of the primitive defenses commonly seen with borderline personality, but not exclusive to this personality, is projection.
44
Watch this video for more on what projection means, but essentially, it's when you assign your own negative thoughts
45
or beliefs to someone else I accuse you of thinking
46
that I'm incompetent but you never said that I'm the one who's insecure
47
and thinks that I'm a fraud but I say
48
that that's what you believe
49
so there's a lot of mind reading going on with projection
50
here are the other primitive defenses acting out regression compartmentalization denial dissociation and reaction formation.
51
Less primitive and more mature are displacement, intellectualization, rationalization, repression, and undoing.
52
And then the mature defenses are assertiveness.
53
compensation, and sublimation.
54
Being assertive is when you're able to directly communicate your needs to someone.
55
Compensation is when you balance something negative, or something that you perceive as a weakness, with a strength.
56
An example of this would be, Yes, I got a $75 parking ticket, but at least my car didn't get towed,
57
which would have cost at least $300 dollars.
58
Or, I'm mad that my partner doesn't pay attention to signs,
59
but he always volunteers to drive so that I can sit back and relax and enjoy the trip.
60
And then sublimation is when you channel unacceptable impulses into more acceptable ones.
61
Like, instead of calling you an idiot,
62
I'm thankful that you have a high -paying job so that we can afford to waste money on this stupid stuff.
63
No, that's passive -aggressive, because it's an insult cloaked in a compliment.
64
With sublimation, instead of stewing about this all day, I'll go for a run later,
65
or I'll make a joke out of it to diffuse the tension.
66
We strive to respond to stress and inner conflict with mature defenses,
67
but under extreme stress, we may revert back to some of the more immature defenses,
68
and it's not a big deal if you do it from time to time,
69
but it does create problems in relationships and stunts your emotional development when you employ them under most circumstances.
70
Primitive defenses lead to negative coping strategies.
71
Going back to the example of Borderline Personality Disorder, one of the characteristics is using self -harm as a coping strategy.
72
I'll discuss some of the primitive defenses in future videos.
73
If you didn't see the one on projection, you can watch it here.
74
See you next time.
Télécharger l'application
Tout pour parler couramment
Prononciation IAChaque phrase notée
Phonétique (IPA)Maîtrisez chaque son
VocabulaireEnrichissez votre lexique
Jeu de vocabulaireApprenez en jouant
Même chaîne
C12
Why You’re Patient With Everyone Except the People at Home
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C1Self-Esteem: How It Changes And 2 Ways to Boost It
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
How to Deal with Negative Emotions - Distress Tolerance
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C11
Mental Debugging: How to Build Resilience After Failure
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
Why You Snap at Small Things (It’s Not Your Fault)
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C15
Why Knowing Better Doesn’t Help in the Moment
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B22
Why You Can't Stop Worrying About the Future
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B22
Want a Stronger Mind? Start With These 3 Micro Habits
American AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B24
How To Visualize Your Success: Mental Rehearsal To Build Resilience
American AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C116
A Psychiatrist Explains "Quiet Cracking" (While Your Work Still Looks Fine)
American AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B26
Why You Still Feel Drained After Taking Time Off
American AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B27
How To Build a Strong Mind: New Focus on Resilience
American AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
Why You're Exhausted After Meetings (Even If You Didn't Speak)
American AccentBusiness EnglishWorking Adults
B21
Why You Can't Focus: Is It ADHD or Just Stress?
American AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
The Science of How Your Brain Forms Habits (and How to Take Control)
American AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B24
Which Exercise Actually Wins for Brain Health?
American AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
Setbacks vs. Failure: Why Your Brain Gets Trapped in Negative Loops
American AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B24
Always Angry? Try This Technique Before The Next Blow Up
American AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B26
5 Signs Chronic Stress Is Damaging Your Brain
American AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
The Real Reason You Always Imagine the Worst
American AccentBusiness EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
FOR YOU
Vidéo recommandée
C1418 phrases
Emotionally Focused Therapy with Dr. Diane Gehart
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C14
56 phrases
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Explained Clearly (OCD)
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C11
14 phrases
How trauma manifests later in life | Dr. Gabor Mate
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
214 phrases
Fawning: The Survival Strategy That Turns Into Self-Abandonment | Fawning #2
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
754 phrases
Stanford's Sapolsky On Depression in U.S. (Full Lecture)
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C12
221 phrases
Masking in ADHD & Autism: The Hidden Cost of Looking “Fine”
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
327 phrases
How to Control Yourself, Read People & Build Discipline | Chase Hughes
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
643 phrases
2017 Personality 14: Introduction to Traits/Psychometrics/The Big 5
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C14
71 phrases
How Psychotherapy Works
British AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
![[B2] 3 Simple Ways to Handle Stress | English Listening & Speaking Practice](https://img.youtube.com/vi/2L5hqhu4AqY/mqdefault.jpg)
B214
77 phrases
[B2] 3 Simple Ways to Handle Stress | English Listening & Speaking Practice
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale s’appuie sur la vidéo « Coping skills and Psychological Defenses - An Introduction ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : defense, coping, primitive, skills, personality. Cette vidéo contient 74 phrases et 1028 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 6:40. Le locuteur parle à un rythme naturel d’environ 154 mots par minute, proche d’une conversation courante. Seuls 78 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc exigeant.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
15 mots de la vidéo à retenir, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| skill nom | /skɪl/ | habileté, compétence |
| primitive nom | /ˈpɹɪmɪtɪv/ | primitif |
| mature adjectif | /məˈt͡ʃʊ(ə)ɹ/ | mûr, mature |
| emotion nom | /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/ | émotion |
| distress nom | /dɪˈstɹɛs/ | détresse |
| mechanism nom | /ˈmɛk.ə.nɪ.zəm/ | mécanisme |
| projection nom | /pɹəˈd͡ʒɛkʃən/ | saillie |
| psychological adjectif | /ˌsaɪ.kəˈlɑː.d͡ʒɪ.kl̩/ | psychologique |
| harm nom | /hɑːm/ | mal, tort |
| compensation nom | /ˌkɑm.pənˈseɪ.ʃən/ | compensation |
| divide verbe | /dɪˈvaɪd/ | diviser, fendre |
| employ verbe | /ɪmˈplɔɪ/ | employer, embaucher |
| immature adjectif | /ɪməˈtjʊə(ɹ)/ | immature, vert |
| temporary adjectif | /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/ | temporaire, provisoire |
| occur verbe | /əˈkɜː/ | se produire, avoir lieu |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| act out verbe | /ˌækt ˈaʊ̯t/ | jouer |
| back up verbe | reculer | |
| come up verbe | se montrer, sortir du bois | |
| pull out verbe | se retirer | |
| sit back verbe | se détendre |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 24 contractions et formes réduites, comme I'm, you're, I'll. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « th »: thankful /ˈθæŋkfəl/, unhealthy /ʌnˈhɛl.θi/
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: emotion /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/, projection /pɹəˈd͡ʒɛkʃən/, compensation /ˌkɑm.pənˈseɪ.ʃən/, contrast /kənˈt(ʃ)ɹæst/, essentially /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: mechanism /ˈmɛk.ə.nɪ.zəm/, psychological /ˌsaɪ.kəˈlɑː.d͡ʒɪ.kl̩/, compensation /ˌkɑm.pənˈseɪ.ʃən/, temporary /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/, essentially /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /h/ — il se souffle, il n’est pas muet: harm /hɑːm/, unhealthy /ʌnˈhɛl.θi/, handout /ˈhændˌaʊt/
- /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: mature /məˈt͡ʃʊ(ə)ɹ/, projection /pɹəˈd͡ʒɛkʃən/, psychological /ˌsaɪ.kəˈlɑː.d͡ʒɪ.kl̩/, engage /ɪnˈɡeɪd͡ʒ/, childlike /ˈt͡ʃaɪldlaɪk/
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: primitive /ˈpɹɪmɪtɪv/, mature /məˈt͡ʃʊ(ə)ɹ/, distress /dɪˈstɹɛs/, projection /pɹəˈd͡ʒɛkʃən/, immature /ɪməˈtjʊə(ɹ)/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme skill, primitive, mature.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.