Pratique du Shadowing: English Conversation 19 | Easy English for Beginners - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
Choisissez un mode d'entraînement
Chaque mode ouvre une salle d'entraînement en plein écran.
495 phrases
Si les phrases sont trop courtes ou trop longues, cliquez sur Edit pour les ajuster.
1
Mirror!
2
Mirror, mirror, on the wall, who's the fairest of them all?
3
Hey!
4
It's the new girl!
5
Hello, I'm Elena.
6
Come in, come in!
7
So good to see you, Elena!
8
I'm Agatha, Agatha Johnson.
9
Pleased to meet you, Mrs. Johnson.
10
Welcome to the Johnson family.
11
I come from Madrid.
12
Oh, no, no. Welcome to the Johnson family.
13
My family is in Spain.
14
Yes, yes, I know.
15
You must be tired after your long journey.
16
Sorry, I don't understand.
17
My English is not very good.
18
You must be tired after your journey.
19
Yes, very tired.
20
Very long journey.
21
Yes.
22
Well, now, let's sit down together.
23
Oh, thank you. Is everything all right?
24
Everything is all right, Mrs. Johnson.
25
No, you call me Agatha.
26
Oh, all right.
27
Thank you, Agatha.
28
You're part of the family now.
29
Part of the family?
30
Yes.
31
My family.
32
My brother, me.
33
I have four brothers.
34
Four brothers?
35
Wow, that's nice.
36
They're big boys.
37
Really?
38
What about sisters?
39
I also have three sisters.
40
Oh, dear.
41
That's too many.
42
My family is very big.
43
Many people.
44
Yes, Elena.
45
That's nice.
46
You have a big family.
47
I have a small family.
48
Now an extra person, me.
49
Yes, Elena.
50
You're one of the family now.
51
Thank you, Agatha.
52
That's nice.
53
Well, now it's tea time.
54
Oh, good.
55
One cup of tea, two cups of tea.
56
Yes!
57
That's right!
58
I'll take your bags to your room, then go into the kitchen.
59
What, what, heavy bags!
60
Yes, many bags.
61
No, no, I said heavy, heavy bags.
62
Oh yes, heavy, very heavy bags.
63
Okay, I'll be right back.
64
Alright.
65
Here we are.
66
Tea for two.
67
Thank you.
68
Milk and sugar?
69
Yes, please.
70
have a biscuit they're homemade no thank you now you must
71
tell me about yourself your family mom dad I have four brothers
72
and three sisters well I'm a student
73
and I go to a language school to study English yes
74
my English is not very good no no no no it's
75
quite good where is the school it's near here on Exeter
76
Avenue that's very close good just ten minutes oh that's easy perhaps Victor could take you by car Victor?
77
Who's Victor?
78
My brother.
79
Your brother.
80
That is a photo of Victor.
81
Oh, he's a big boy.
82
Well, he's 25.
83
Oh.
84
And that is my boyfriend Harold.
85
Your boyfriend.
86
He works in a bank.
87
In a bank.
88
That's my brother, Alan.
89
Oh, your brother?
90
He lives in Sydney. In Australia?
91
Yes!
92
He loves it!
93
Oh, I want to see Australia.
94
Me too!
95
Perhaps one day.
96
And who is that photo?
97
Oh, that's just my sister, Betty.
98
Oh, your sister?
99
She lives near here.
100
I see her every day.
101
Every day?
102
Yes, we go shopping together.
103
You go shopping?
104
She's a very difficult person.
105
But she's your sister.
106
Yes, she's a very difficult sister. And this...
107
This is a photo of my mother and my father.
108
Your mother and your father.. your parents?
109
Yes.
110
My parents on their anniversary day.
111
Sorry, I don't understand.
112
On the day that they got married.
113
Oh, yes, their anniversary day.
114
Yes.
115
And here is the rest of my family.
116
Oh, that's interesting.
117
Oh, that's Victor!
118
He is punctual like always.
119
He arrives at home at 5 o'clock every day.
120
Every day?
121
He lives here?
122
Yes, he lives with me.
123
Oh, he lives here?
124
Yes, with my cat Felix.
125
Oh, your cat Felix.
126
And my canary Tweety.
127
Your canary Tweety.
128
Hello, Victor.
129
Come in and meet Elena.
130
Hello, darling.
131
Hi, Agatha. Who are you?
132
I'm Elena.
133
Darling, this is Elena.
134
Elena, hello, Elena.
135
What are you doing here?
136
She's staying with us, sweetheart.
137
Why don't you tell me about these things?
138
Oh, I do.
139
I do.
140
I tell you everything, darling.
141
Elena, this is my gorgeous brother, Vic.
142
He's very handsome, very clever, and very forgetful.
143
I'm studying English here.
144
I come from Madrid.
145
Nice to meet you.
146
Studying English?
147
Yes, I want to speak a good English and become a tourist guide.
148
Lovely, lovely girl. Where are you studying?
149
At the Queen's school on Exeter Avenue.
150
You know it?
151
Do I know it?
152
Agatha, do I know the school?
153
Of course, darling, of course he does.
154
Of course I do.
155
Silly me.
156
Silly you.
157
Silly you.
158
Well, I think that we are going to have a wonderful time with Elena staying here.
159
Yes, a wonderful time.
160
Thank you.
161
How long are you going to be in London?
162
That's right.
163
Get to know each other and I'll go start dinner.
164
Can I help you, Agatha?
165
No, sweet girl, you stay right where you are.
166
When did you arrive?
167
Today.
168
And you'll be staying with us until you go back to Spain? When?
169
I go back to Madrid after my English course.
170
And my language course is eight weeks.
171
Love is in the air, la la la la, love is in the air.
172
I'm sorry, my sister is a little eccentric.
173
Your sister is very nice.
174
Tell me about your family, Elena.
175
I have many sisters and brothers. Are you the oldest?
176
No. I have two brothers and one sister who are older.
177
Older than you.
178
Yes.
179
And my mother is Carmen and my father is Fernando.
180
And this is your first time away from Madrid?
181
Yes.
182
I'm happy to be in London, but also I'm a little sad.
183
You miss your big family?
184
Yes, but you are very kind and you are very nice.
185
Thank you.
186
And what does your father do back in Madrid?
187
What's his job?
188
He makes this and this.
189
Oh, he makes furniture.
190
Yes.
191
And your mother, does she work?
192
My mother works very hard in the house, cooking, washing, cleaning.
193
Your mother is a housewife.
194
A housewife.
195
Housewife.
196
So, how are you getting along?
197
Just fine, thanks, Agatha.
198
Very fine, thank you.
199
Wonderful!
200
Now, come and help me set the table.
201
Okay. Can I help?
202
Yes, please, set the table, dear.
203
Set the table?
204
I'll help you.
205
That's a good boy.
206
The plates?
207
Is your boyfriend Harold eating with us?
208
No. Harold is in Oxford.
209
Harold's bank has an office in Oxford.
210
Oh.
211
Knives and forks.
212
Knife, fork, and spoon. Is the table set?
213
Yes, I guess so.
214
Good.
215
Sit down, please.
216
Dinner is ready.
217
Are we having dinner now?
218
Why, of course, dear.
219
What are we having?
220
We are having soup and salad.
221
Do you like chicken soup, Elena?
222
Yes, thank you.
223
Oh, please put the napkins on the table, Victor.
224
Oh, sorry.
225
Here they are.
226
My silly Victor, he forgets everything.
227
Everything?
228
Here is your soup.
229
Help yourselves to the bread.
230
Thank you, Agatha.
231
You're welcome, my dear.
232
It's so nice to have you here.
233
Yes, it's nice to have you here.
234
Thank you, Daddy.
235
He's very kind.
236
Nonsense.
237
Now let's eat.
238
How's your soup?
239
It's delicious.
240
What's wrong, dear?
241
Don't you like it?
242
Well...
243
You don't feel well?
244
No, I'm sorry.
245
It is a bit early for me.
246
I'm not really hungry.
247
Not hungry?
248
What time does your family eat dinner back in Spain?
249
We eat dinner at 10 o'clock at home.
250
Wow!
251
Imagine that!
252
Imagine that.
253
We're usually in bed before midnight.
254
Elena, darling, you must forgive our strange English habits.
255
No, it is a little bit strange for me now.
256
My poor dear.
257
You must be exhausted.
258
Maybe you should go to bed soon, Elena.
259
Yes, please.
260
I'm sorry.
261
No, don't worry.
262
You go and sleep.
263
Thank you both.
264
Good night, Elena.
265
Night.
266
Night.
267
Sleep well, dear.
268
Not again, Agatha.
269
Don't do this to me again.
270
Why, my darling brother, what are you talking about?
271
Oh.
272
Good morning.
273
You're up early.
274
Yes, I'm looking for my...
275
For your keys?
276
Yes.
277
You're here.
278
Thank you.
279
Thank you, Victor.
280
Do your classes start today?
281
No, I start classes on Wednesday.
282
I'm looking for a job today.
283
Oh!
284
It's a good idea to get the paper early.
285
Can I make you some tea?
286
Do you have coffee?
287
Sorry, I'm not sure if we have any coffee.
288
Let me have a look.
289
darling good morning good morning Agatha what a clever girl you're doing morning exercises
290
yes yes did you sleep well very well I'm sorry no coffee maybe we should add it to the shopping Oh,
291
yes, yes.
292
Tell me what you need.
293
I'm going shopping with my sister Betty.
294
Oh, coffee would be nice.
295
Well, what are your plans for today, sweetheart?
296
Oh, she's job hunting.
297
She's looking for a part-time job.
298
Oh, how industrious.
299
Well, a pretty girl like you will have no trouble finding a job.
300
Here's the paper.
301
Oh, thanks.
302
And look, look, there's one.
303
It's here in Kensington.
304
Video store on the high street.
305
Oh.
306
Young person with excellent communication skills.
307
That's perfect.
308
Yeah, and afternoon shifts, Thursdays, Saturdays, and Sundays.
309
Where is the high street?
310
Just make a left at the top of our road onto Hornton, and then make another left onto the high street.
311
The store is on your right, next to the tube station.
312
Uh, the tube?
313
Um, I'll walk you up there, okay?
314
Thank you, that is very kind of you.
315
Oh, nonsense.
316
My brother's a gentleman.
317
Go get ready, and I'll meet you downstairs in 15 minutes, okay?
318
Okay.
319
Well, good luck, my dear.
320
Have a nice day.
321
Thanks.
322
You too, Agatha.
323
I'll see you in a little while.
324
Bye.
325
Bye-bye.
326
Hello.
327
Hello.
328
How was your day?
329
Fabulous.
330
Fabulous?
331
Fabulous is excellent.
332
I had a fabulous day too.
333
Going shopping?
334
Yes, Betty and I shopped all day.
335
Look at my new nail polish.
336
And this blouse is new.
337
It looks divine on me, don't you think?
338
It's very beautiful.
339
And I have a skirt to go with it.
340
Mm-hmm.
341
And a pair of boots.
342
Lovely.
343
Of course, Betty is jealous.
344
She says I spend too much money on clothes.
345
Hi, girls.
346
It's getting cold out there.
347
I think it's going to rain.
348
Oh, I hope not.
349
Had a productive day, Agatha?
350
Yes, delightful.
351
And how was your interview, Alina?
352
Productive.
353
I start work on Thursday after the school.
354
Congratulations.
355
Well done, darling.
356
And when do you finish work?
357
My shifts are from 3 to 7.
358
And what will you do at the store?
359
I put the videos on their shelves and I find information on the computer for customers.
360
I love movies!
361
Do you know what my favorite movie is?
362
No. What is your favorite movie?
363
Butterfield 8.
364
Well, any movie with Liz Taylor.
365
I don't know it.
366
Agatha watches it a lot.
367
Betty has the video.
368
Oh, I would like to see the movie too.
369
You will love it.
370
Liz wears the most brilliant clothes and Lawrence Harvey.
371
Oh, what a man.
372
Do you like it, Victor?
373
It's a bit old for me.
374
I prefer science fiction and fantasy stories.
375
When I finish my course, I'd like to try painting sets for films.
376
Oh, that sounds exciting.
377
Speaking of clothing, do you have a warm coat, Elena?
378
This is my coat.
379
Oh, you will die of cold in that coat.
380
You will really need a warmer coat soon, Elena.
381
It gets very cold in London, not like sunny Barcelona.
382
Madrid.
383
We might get some snow at Christmas.
384
Snow?
385
That will be a new experience for you.
386
Yes.
387
Oh, wonderful.
388
You don't have school tomorrow.
389
Let's go shopping.
390
Okay, let's go shopping.
391
Can I sit here?
392
Can I close the door? Can I?
393
Could I call you tonight?
394
Could I drink this cup of coffee? Could I?
395
May I ask you a question?
396
May I use your computer? May I?
397
Now for do you mind if, do you mind if we turn off the fan?
398
Do you mind if I smoke here?
399
For would you mind if, would you mind if I opened the window?
400
Would you mind if I turned the TV on? Would it be alright?
401
Would it be okay if?
402
Would it be okay if I took a picture here?
403
And would it be okay, sorry, would it be alright if they read your book?
404
And is it okay if?
405
Is it okay if I take a break now?
406
And is it okay if we come home late?
407
So now, remember for an informal situation you can answer sure,
408
alright, fine, ok, or go ahead, yes sure, yes, of course,
409
course, don't say cold, okay, course, yes, of course, not a problem.
410
Now, if you are in a formal situation, you want to say something really politely,
411
something really formally, you can say, be my guest.
412
Or, yes of course be my guest.
413
Or, certainly be my guest.
414
Or, please do.
415
Or, yes, it's my pleasure.
416
Yes, it's my pleasure.
417
And if you don't want, you don't really want to give permission, but you still give permission in a reluctant way,
418
you can say, I guess, or it's up to you, or if you want, or whatever.
419
When someone asks for permission, if you want to answer them in a polite way,
420
you can say one of these ones.
421
I don't think that's a good idea.
422
I don't think that's a good idea.
423
I'd rather you didn't.
424
I'm sorry, but that's not possible.
425
I'm sorry, but that's not possible.
426
I'm afraid you can't I'm afraid you can or Unfortunately, I need to say no unfortunately.
427
I need to say no. Oh no,
428
please don't no, please don't or If you want to answer in a less polite way,
429
you can say one of these ones.
430
I don't think so or No, or do you have to? and
431
if you want to answer in an impolite way you can say one of these ones absolutely not forget it
432
or you must be out of your mind you must be out of your mind would you like to after
433
that is the base form of the verb would you like
434
to go to a movie tonight would you like to go to a movie tonight?
435
That means do you want to go to the cinema to watch a film with me?
436
Would you like to have lunch with me?
437
Have lunch with me.
438
Would you like to have lunch with me?
439
Number two, do you want to?
440
You can say do you wanna.
441
So remember do you want to is the informal way of Would you like to?
442
So, would you, sorry, do you want to?
443
Do you wanna go shopping now?
444
Do you wanna go shopping now?
445
Do you wanna play tennis with us tomorrow evening?
446
How about going to the swimming pool?
447
How about going to the swimming pool?
448
That means do you want to go to the swimming pool with me?
449
How about watching TV?
450
That means do you want to watch TV?
451
How about watching TV?
452
Number 4, let's.
453
Let's here remember it has to go with S.
454
Let's that means let us, that means we are going to do something together.
455
Let's play soccer.
456
after less is the base form of the verb play
457
or go let's play soccer you can say play soccer
458
or play football soccer is preferred in America
459
and British people usually use football so you can say football
460
or soccer okay let's play soccer or let's play football let's go to the you can say go to the supermarket
461
Let's go to the supermarket.
462
Why don't we have coffee tonight?
463
Why don't we have coffee tonight?
464
That means let's have coffee tonight or would you like to have coffee tonight?
465
Why don't we go for a stroll?
466
We would be delighted if you could join us for lunch on Thursday.
467
Number nine, please be our guest for dinner on Saturday evening.
468
Now, would you like to have dinner with me tomorrow evening?
469
For informal situation from number 1 to number 4, you can say I'd love to, thanks, that sounds great, that sounds good,
470
that sounds interesting, that sounds like fun Or, sounds great, sounds good, sounds interesting, sounds like fun Or, in short form,
471
great, good, interesting, or nice Number 3, that's a good idea, that's a great idea,
472
or good idea, good idea.
473
And for number 4, sure, thank you.
474
Very easy, right?
475
5, that'll be nice, thank you.
476
6, it's very nice of you, I'd love to.
477
Or number 7, I'll be glad to do so.
478
Number 8, thanks, I'd like that very much.
479
Or number 9, many thanks for your kind invitation, I'll join you.
480
Or many thanks for inviting me, I'll join you.
481
One more time, 1, 2, 6, kind of informal, 7 and 8, I think they are very formal, okay?
482
So, 1, I'd love to, but I already have plans.
483
I'd really like to, but unfortunately, I'm busy then.
484
Sorry, but I can't.
485
I have to work.
486
Sorry, but I can't.
487
I have classes there.
488
Sorry, but I can't.
489
I have another appointment.
490
4. Sorry, but I don't think I can make it.
491
Sorry, but I don't think I'm free tomorrow evening.
492
5. I'm afraid I won't be able to make it or I'm afraid I've got something else on then.
493
6. I'm really sorry but I have something else to do 7 and 8 formal Thanks for your invitation but I'm busy then
494
Thanks for inviting me but I'm busy then 8.
495
It's very kind of you but I can't accept your invitation
Télécharger l'application
Tout pour parler couramment
Prononciation IAChaque phrase notée
Phonétique (IPA)Maîtrisez chaque son
VocabulaireEnrichissez votre lexique
Jeu de vocabulaireApprenez en jouant
📺 Même chaîne
✨ Vidéo recommandée
A21
772 phrases
English Conversation - Improve English Listening and Speaking Skills Everyday
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
A224
26 phrases
Elisa's family – A2 English Listening Test
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
A288 phrases
New headway series 2
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
A21
393 phrases
EXTRA ENGLISH- EPISODE 1
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
A21
648 phrases
30 Minutes of Everyday Conversations to Learn English | English Story for English Speaking Practice
Travel EnglishDaily ConversationWorking Adults
A21
154 phrases
What an interesting family! - Interchange 5th Edition Book 1 Unit 5
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
A259 phrases
Interchange Intro Unit 6 Video
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
A21
92 phrases
Beginner Levels - Lesson 17 - Practical English Drama
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
A24
95 phrases
Meeting New People 🙍🏻♀️ | English Conversation
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
A22
176 phrases
👴👵 Speak English Easily | Short Family Dialogues – Silly Family Moments
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
A22
386 phrases
Practice English Listening: Slow Conversations with Subtitles (Beginner)
Travel EnglishDaily ConversationWorking Adults
A267
50 phrases
English shadowing | Self-introduction | Level A2 | How to improve English
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau A2 s’appuie sur la vidéo « English Conversation 19 ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : Elena, Agatha, sister, brother. Cette vidéo contient 495 phrases et 2868 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 26:54. Le locuteur parle lentement, environ 107 mots par minute, ce qui laisse le temps d’imiter chaque son. 85 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais ; le reste mérite d’être vu avant de commencer. 121 de ses 495 phrases sont des questions : un bon entraînement pour l’intonation interrogative et les réponses courtes.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
15 mots de la vidéo à retenir, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| darling nom | /ˈdɑɹlɪŋ/ | chéri, chérie |
| soccer nom | /ˈsɑk.ɚ/ | football, soccer |
| silly adjectif | /ˈsɪl.i/ | sot, insensé |
| coat nom | /ˈkoʊ̯t/ | manteau, paletot |
| soup nom | /sup/ | potage, soupe |
| fabulous adjectif | /ˈfæbjʊləs/ | fabuleux |
| informal adjectif | /ɪnˈfɔɹ.m(ə)l/ | informel |
| mirror nom | /ˈmiɹɚ/ | glace, miroir |
| formal adjectif | /ˈfɔɹməl/ | formel, soutenu |
| swim verbe | /swɪm/ | nager |
| invitation nom | /ɪnvɪˈteɪʃən/ | invitation |
| hungry adjectif | /ˈhʌŋ.ɡɹi/ | affamé, avoir faim |
| knife nom | /ˈnaɪ̯f/ | couteau |
| arrive verbe | /əˈɹaɪv/ | arriver |
| tube nom | /tuːb/ | tube |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| sit down verbe | s'asseoir | |
| get along verbe | s'entendre | |
| go ahead verbe | /ˌɡoʊ əˈhɛd/ | vas-y, allez-y |
| turn off verbe | éteindre |
Des phrases à répéter
Des phrases courtes et complètes de la vidéo, à réutiliser dans la conversation de tous les jours :
- What are you doing here?
- Why don't you tell me about these things?
- It looks divine on me, don't you think?
- Why don't we have coffee tonight?
- Why don't we go for a stroll?
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Superlatifs the -est / the most … — le plus haut ou le plus bas d’un groupe | the fairest · the oldest · the most brilliant |
| Conseil avec « should » should + verbe — dire ce qu’il vaut mieux faire | should go · should add |
| Présent continu am/is/are + -ing — ce qui se passe en ce moment | are you doing · I'm studying · are you studying |
| Futur avec « will » will + verbe — une décision, une promesse ou une prédiction | I'll take · I'll be · I'll go |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 90 contractions et formes réduites, comme I'm, don't, I'll. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « th »: cloth /klɒθ/, clothing /ˈkloʊðɪŋ/
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: invitation /ɪnvɪˈteɪʃən/, wash /wɑʃ/, fiction /ˈfɪkʃən/, congratulations /kənˌɡɹæt͡ʃəˈleɪʃ(ə)nz/, delicious /dɪˈlɪ.ʃəs/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: invitation /ɪnvɪˈteɪʃən/, supermarket /ˌsupɚˈmɑɹkət/, congratulations /kənˌɡɹæt͡ʃəˈleɪʃ(ə)nz/, industrious /ɪnˈdʌstɹi.əs/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /h/ — il se souffle, il n’est pas muet: hungry /ˈhʌŋ.ɡɹi/, sweetheart /ˈswiːtˌhɑːt/, habit /ˈhæb.ɪt/, handsome /ˈhæn.səm/, housewife /ˈhaʊs.waɪf/
- /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: congratulations /kənˌɡɹæt͡ʃəˈleɪʃ(ə)nz/, gorgeous /ˈɡoɹd͡ʒəs/, furniture /ˈfɝ.nɪ.t͡ʃɚ/, jealous /ˈd͡ʒɛl.əs/, gentleman /ˈd͡ʒɛn.təl.mən/
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: darling /ˈdɑɹlɪŋ/, informal /ɪnˈfɔɹ.m(ə)l/, mirror /ˈmiɹɚ/, formal /ˈfɔɹməl/, hungry /ˈhʌŋ.ɡɹi/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Répétez phrase par phrase à vitesse normale, en reprenant chacune jusqu’à ce que votre rythme corresponde à celui du locuteur.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme darling, soccer, silly.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.