Pratique du Shadowing: How to learn Machine Learning like a GENIUS and not waste time - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
Création de la leçon...
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Most people who try to learn machine learning quit.
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Not because it's too hard, but because they waste months on the wrong things.
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They binge watch lecture series, memorize math that they'll never use, and never actually build anything.
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I've seen it hundreds of times, and in this video, I'm going to give you the exact learning path that actually works step by step, what to learn, what to skip,
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and how to learn it in a way where you're not
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spinning your wheels for six months with nothing to show for it.
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And it's a shame when that happens because ML engineers are some of the highest paid people in tech right now.
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And we're talking, you know, 150 to 200K plus just for starting roles.
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So with that said, let's dive in
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and let me discuss how to learn machine learning like a genius so that you don't give up.
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Now, I want to start by discussing the trap that almost everybody falls into when they're trying to get into machine learning.
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Now, that's trying to learn everything before they build anything.
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Now people will literally spend three months learning linear algebra proofs and never train an ML model.
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Now the fix here is to learn just enough theory to understand what's happening, but then immediately start applying this and actually building projects.
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You learn way more when you're doing hands-on coding, you're solving problems, you're dealing with challenges, and then what you can always do is when you don't have enough theory, you can go back and learn it.
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Now I made this mistake myself, I spent a ton of time on math learning all of the proofs, and I could have been six months further ahead had I just started building at the beginning.
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So what you're going to see in this video is that a lot of this comes back to just build, and when you don't know what you need in order to build the thing that you're trying to build, you go back and you learn that theory.
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So just keep that in mind, it's way better to fail building something first, we can always learn the theory later.
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So with that in mind, let me go through step by step what you actually need to learn and what you can skip.
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Now let's start with section one, which is Python fundamentals.
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Now, this is absolutely essential.
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You need to know Python.
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Not Julia, not R, not another programming language.
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Python is the first thing that you should learn even before you get into any math or theory.
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Now, you don't need to be an expert here, but you do need to be comfortable with the following.
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So variables, loops, functions, data structures, so things like lists, dictionary sets, file handling, basic object-oriented programming, and that's really it.
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Of course, there's some other features that you're going to learn, but again, you can pick those up when you need to know them.
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Don't spend months trying to learn all of it right here.
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Realistically, you want to spend maybe three to four weeks getting comfortable with Python, and your goal should be able to write small programs on your own.
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Read in a file, print out the outcome, right, or add something to it.
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Create a simple CLI-based game.
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You don't need to be a Python expert, but you do need to be comfortable with the basic syntax
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so that you can read machine learning code and start writing basic scripts.
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And that's something to keep in mind is that machine learning typically doesn't involve a massive amount of code.
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It's usually smaller scripts and more having an understanding of what it is that you need to do.
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So the faster you get into actually writing and building things, the more you're going to learn.
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And to be honest, you'll pick up a lot of the fundamentals along the way.
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Now with that in mind, there are a few key Python libraries that you are going to want to look at though, and that kind of tie into these fundamentals.
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Now the first is going to be NumPy.
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This is for arrays and math, and it's going to be used behind the scenes from a lot of other modules that you'll look at.
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The next is pandas.
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This is for data manipulation and looking at large amounts of data.
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And then last is map plot lib.
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This is for visualization, plots, graphs, etc. Now as a machine learning engineer, you're going to be using these almost every single day.
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So understand the basics, know how to set them up, how to import them, what a data frame is, how to create a basic plot.
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It really doesn't take that long.
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And even just an hour tutorial is going to give you
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a really solid base before you move on to the next stage.
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So now let's talk about everybody's favorite subject, which is math, but specifically the math that you actually need to know.
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Now, yes, there is a little bit of math that you are going to need for machine learning, but it's not as theoretical as a lot of people like to make it out to be.
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And to be honest, this math is not super complex
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and you don't need to be able to derive it or know all of the proofs.
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You just need to have a high level understanding.
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So here are the areas that actually matter.
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And again, it might sound complicated, but I promise you just, you know, a few weeks of looking at this
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and you're going to be much more comfortable with it than probably you would have imagined.
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Okay.
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So first we have a linear algebra basics.
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So we're talking about what is a vector, what is a matrix, things like dot products.
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Then we're looking at probability and statistics.
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So what is a distribution, base theorem, mean, variance, okay?
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Next, we look at calculus.
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So just the basics, like what is a derivative, what is an integral, for example, and what is the concept of gradients and how optimization works.
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And that's really it.
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You don't need to be able to derive all of these algorithms or write them from scratch.
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You just need to have looked at them before, understand at a fundamental level, kind of why they work or what they are, and be able to say, oh, derivative.
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Yeah, I know what that is, could I drive this function?
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Probably not, but I'm at least familiar with the concept.
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If you know that, you're already going to be at a decent level for mathematics, and it's really only if you're going into super deep research
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or really advanced machine learning that you're going to need to actually be good and solid in these topics.
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I myself learned all of this in university probably five or six years ago now.
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I forget almost all of it, but I at least am familiar with the word, and that already gives me enough basis to jump into some machine learning algorithms.
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And as always here, if you find that you do need to know this math later, then that's fine.
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Go and learn it.
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Just don't make it a strong prerequisite that stops you from building immediately.
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So now let's move on to the next section, which is core machine learning algorithms.
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Now, once you've got the Python out of the way
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and you know a little bit of those fundamentals when it comes to the math, and you can even learn those alongside these, you want to start looking at core machine learning.
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Now, there's kind of some different categories that we look at here.
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The first is supervised learning, then the second is unsupervised learning.
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Now, within supervised learning, you have a few algorithms that you're going to want to be really comfortable with, and you're actually going to want to write, run, and train yourself.
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Now, we're talking about linear regression, logistic regression, decision trees, random forests, SVM or support vector machines, and then K nearest neighbors.
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Now, these are core machine learning algorithms.
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They're very simple, and to be honest, most machine learning that you see nowadays uses some form or variant of these.
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Now, after that, we have unsupervised learning.
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Now, that's where we talk about things like K-means clustering and PCA, like dimensionality reduction.
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There's also a few others here, but those are the most popular.
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Now, for each of these algorithms, you want to understand what problem it solves, when to use it versus the alternatives that exist, and how to evaluate it.
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So what's the accuracy?
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What's the precision?
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What's the recall?
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How do you do cross-validation?
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If you can understand that, then that puts you in a really solid place.
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Now, in terms of playing with and using these algorithms, you're definitely going to want to be looking at scikit-learn.
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This has a really clean API, great documentation, and it's really the go-to place for these kind of classical machine learning algorithms.
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Now again, the key skill at this point is
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that you want to know how to pick the right model for the right problem
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and not just how to randomly run code.
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Now in order to do this, like I said, use scikit-learn and then build some small projects, right?
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So predict housing prices, classify emails, you know, cluster customer segments, look at real data sets and real problems.
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There's all kinds of great tutorials out there.
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And again, you just want to be super comfortable with the basics before we move on to anything more advanced.
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Now, if at this point, you're convinced that you do want to learn machine learning, but you want to do it without wasting months stitching together random tutorials, then I really recommend Datacamp.
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Now, I've partnered with them for this video, and that's because I've used Datacamp for years to level up my own Python and machine learning skills.
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And what I like most about it is how hands-on it is.
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Now, you're not just watching lectures, you're learning by doing.
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So you're writing code in your browser, getting instant feedback and building real projects as you go.
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If you want a complete curriculum that's focused on the model development side, the best place to start is their machine learning scientist track.
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That gives you a structured path through supervised and unsupervised learning, feature engineering, model validation, XGBoost, NLP, and even deep learning with PyTorch.
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So you're learning the skills that actually matter for real ML work.
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And once you can build models, the next bottleneck is gonna be production.
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Now that's where their machine learning engineer track comes in because it covers the stuff that most self-taught people struggle with.
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So MLflow, Docker, data versioning, monitoring, drift, you know, CICD.
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So you can go from my model works in a notebook to my model actually works in production.
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Now you can also prove your skills with Datacamp's track credentials and certifications, which is great for your resume and for your LinkedIn.
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Now Datacamp is trusted by over 19 million learners.
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You can try both of these tracks for free with the link in the description.
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And I genuinely wish that I had this kind of structure when I was starting it.
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Anyways, it would have saved me a lot of time but now let's move on to step number four, which is deep learning.
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So once you're comfortable with classical machine learning, you want to add on neural networks.
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Now you want to start with the following concepts, what a neuron is, things like layers, activation functions, forward and backward passes,
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loss functions, optimizers, and back propagation.
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Now the framework that I suggest you look at here is PyTorch.
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This is a lot more modern in 2026.
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TensorFlow still exists, but PyTorch is really dominating research
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and it's increasingly just more popular and kind of the production standards so you're probably going to be better off with that.
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Now this framework allows you to do a ton but specifically to build out neural networks.
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Now the key architectures that you want to look at
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when it comes to neural networks is going to be feed forward neural networks, CNNs or convolutional neural networks for things like images, RNNs or recurrent neural networks,
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and then LSTMs for sequences and then you want to look at things like transformers
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and this is the current architecture behind every LLM, so it's probably going to be an interesting one to check out.
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Now, you don't need to be able to build a transformer architecture from scratch on day one, but to understand things like attention
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and how it works is going to make you a lot more effective even just with modern AI tools
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and give you a non-black box understanding of what's actually going on.
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Now, in terms of some projects that you can build here to help learn this, you can look at an image classifier with CNNs, sentiment analysis with a simple RNN,
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and then you can even fine-tune a pre-trained model from something like hugging face.
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Okay, so that's step four, neural networks.
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Now let's move on to step five, which is the skills that actually get you hired.
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Now this is where most roadmaps actually stop, but I want to go over things that you need to learn if you actually want to get a job, because all this is fine.
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You're going to have fun.
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You're going to build a build out models.
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You know, it'll be really interesting, but if you go into a job interview, they're going to ask you about all of these things.
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And if you don't know them or you don't have experience, you're going to be cut immediately.
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So first we're looking at MLOps and specifically deployment.
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So things like Docker, model serving, so fast API, Flask, inference servers, things like monitoring, CICD, and setting up basic ML pipelines.
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As you get more advanced with machine learning, you actually realize that a lot of a machine learning engineer's role is not just to build the model,
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but actually to deploy it so people can use it and it works in production.
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Next, working with real data.
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So data cleaning is literally 80% of machine learning work, and nobody warns you about this before.
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When you're doing tutorials, you get all this clean, beautiful data with everything existing, but in the real world, you have messy data, missing values,
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weird distributions, etc. So get comfortable with that early cleaning, parsing data.
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Next, feature engineering.
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Now often the difference between a mediocre model and a great one is feature engineering.
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So having domain knowledge can actually matter more than the algorithm choice in many real world problems.
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Next, version control, but specifically for ML.
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So of course, we're talking about Git and GitHub, but also tools like ML flow and then weights and biases for experiment tracking.
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Next, we talk about cloud platforms.
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So you want to know at least one of AWS, GCP or Azure.
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Personally, I recommend AWS, but really you can go with anything that you want here.
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And then you're gonna be looking at tools like SageMaker, Vertex AI, Azure ML, you get the idea.
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Now, overall, the people that get hired to do machine learning in the real world, right?
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Who aren't just, you know, maybe junior interns who are just starting out, are hired because not only can they make the machine learning models, but they can serve them and use them in production.
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That's oftentimes where the bottleneck is.
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And especially now where a lot of the hard work is already done
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and you're kind of just fine training or using existing models, that production side is super, super important.
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So don't skip these skills.
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So now let's talk about how to actually learn these skills effectively.
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Now, the rule that I usually present is the 70-30 rule, where you want to spend 70% of your time on building projects and then 30% of your time on theory and courses.
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Now, most people do the reverse of this and the ratios you can obviously play with, but generally speaking, you want to have at least double the amount of time actually building,
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being hands-on, working on the computer, making mistakes, messing up, right?
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Compared to when you're just watching tutorials or reading through theory.
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Now, another thing that I highly suggest, especially in this field, is to learn in public.
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It's not mandatory, but I do suggest that you post your projects on GitHub, write about what you're learning on LinkedIn, right?
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And that's because specifically in ML, recruiters are hiring based on what you've built, not just what certifications that you have.
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And this is a field where it does actually make sense to post a cool video about a neural network
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that you trained or a cool project that you worked on
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and it's not going to come across as I don't know kind of snobby
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or arrogant it's something that's genuinely interesting
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and I have a lot of friends in this space who are constantly talking about what they're doing
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because it keeps them up to date keeps them relevant
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and gives them a lot of opportunities again this is a
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field where you need to stay adaptive you need to keep learning
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if you keep posting and talking about it it at least shows
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that you're in the industry and that you're active
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and you're not just a dead LinkedIn profile that hasn't touched this in multiple years
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next don't tutorial hop right pick one structured resource
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and finish it before you jump to the next thing half completed courses really don't teach you anything
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and you want to get that dopamine hit of actually completing something in full even
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if it's not 100 the best resource next when you get stuck
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and you absolutely will hear that's a signal to go
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and learn some of the theory
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so you have the context now you also have the end motivation for why you want to learn something
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So now you can go and pick up the math.
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Now you can go and learn another module.
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Now you can go and pick up those pieces of syntax.
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It's always easier to learn when you know why you're going to learn
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that thing and you're not just learning it in isolation detached from a goal or from a project.
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Next, make sure that you build end-to-end projects.
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So data collection, cleaning, training, evaluation, deployment.
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Doing this is going to teach you a lot more than doing 10 random Kaggle notebooks, okay?
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Now in terms of a time estimate here, if you're super disciplined and you already have some programming knowledge, you can absolutely be job ready here in six to nine months.
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It's not going to be six weeks, right?
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But it's also not going to be three years, six to nine months of focused work.
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And while it may seem like a lot in any field, that's really a short amount of time.
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If you just spend it focusing on the right tasks and again, building before learning theory.
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Now, my honest take here is that ML is one of the most rewarding skills that you can learn right now, but only if you learn it the right way.
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The biggest trap is just staying in that learning mode and never building anything.
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And that's because you don't need a PhD.
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You don't need to understand every single paper, but you do need to actually be able to solve problems, which is the hard part and what a lot of people don't focus on.
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Same thing like I talked about before, the deployment is a really important stage here.
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So don't skip that or wait until you get into your first job interview.
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If you follow the roadmap here, I guarantee that you're going to have some success.
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Keep chipping away at it.
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It's absolutely worth it.
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With that said, guys, I hope you enjoyed.
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Leave a like if you did.
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Subscribe to the channel.
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I will see you in the next video.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau B2 s’appuie sur la vidéo « How to learn Machine Learning like a GENIUS and not waste time ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : learning, learn, machine, build, model. Cette vidéo contient 218 phrases et 3393 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 15:11. Le locuteur parle vite, environ 224 mots par minute : attendez-vous à des liaisons et à des sons réduits. 86 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais ; le reste mérite d’être vu avant de commencer.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| mathematics nom | /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/ | mathématiques |
| algorithm nom | /ˈælɡəɹɪðm̩/ | algorithme |
| neural adjectif | /ˈnʊɹəl/ | neural |
| tutorial nom | /ˌtjuːˈtɔːɹɪəl/ | didacticiel, tutoriel |
| supervise verbe | /ˈsuː.pə.vaɪz/ | superviser, encadrer |
| unsupervised adjectif | sans surveillance, non encadré | |
| deployment nom | /dɪˈplɔɪmənt/ | déploiement |
| linear adjectif | /ˈlɪn.i.əɹ/ | linéaire |
| bottleneck nom | goulot, goulot de bouteille | |
| regression nom | /ɹiːˈɡɹɛʃ.ən/ | régression |
| derive verbe | /dɪˈɹaɪv/ | tirer, trouver |
| syntax nom | /ˈsɪn.tæks/ | syntaxe |
| derivative nom | /dɪˈɹɪvətɪv/ | dérivé |
| validation nom | /ˌvæl.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/ | validation |
| notebook nom | /ˈnoʊtˌbʊk/ | cahier, calepin |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| pick up verbe | soulever | |
| go back verbe | rentrer, retourner | |
| check out verbe | mater, regarder | |
| come across verbe | avoir l'air de | |
| give up verbe | se rendre | |
| go through verbe | traverser | |
| mess up verbe | gâcher | |
| set up verbe | /ˌsɛt ˈʌp/ | mettre en place, installer |
Des phrases à répéter
Des phrases courtes et complètes de la vidéo, à réutiliser dans la conversation de tous les jours :
- Then we're looking at probability and statistics.
- How do you do cross-validation?
- You're going to have fun.
- You're going to build a build out models.
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Propositions relatives who / which + proposition — une précision sur une personne ou une chose | people who try · one, which is · subject, which is |
| Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant | I've seen · have unsupervised · I've partnered |
| Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait | is supervised · is trusted · be cut |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 85 contractions et formes réduites, comme you're, don't, we're. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « th »: mathematics /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/, algorithm /ˈælɡəɹɪðm̩/, theorem /ˈθiərəm/, theoretical /ˌθi.əˈɹɛt.ɪ.kəl/
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: regression /ɹiːˈɡɹɛʃ.ən/, validation /ˌvæl.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/, certification /ˌsɜː.tɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/, credential /kɹɪˈdɛnʃəl/, dimensionality /dɪˌmɛn.ʃəˈnæl.ə.tɪ/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: mathematics /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/, derivative /dɪˈɹɪvətɪv/, validation /ˌvæl.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/, certification /ˌsɜː.tɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/, genuinely /ˈd͡ʒɛn.ju.ɪn.li/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: algebra /ˈæl.d͡ʒɪ.bɹə/, module /ˈmɑd͡ʒul/, genuinely /ˈd͡ʒɛn.ju.ɪn.li/, lecture /ˈlɛk.t͡ʃə/, scratch /skɹæt͡ʃ/
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: algorithm /ˈælɡəɹɪðm̩/, neural /ˈnʊɹəl/, tutorial /ˌtjuːˈtɔːɹɪəl/, linear /ˈlɪn.i.əɹ/, regression /ɹiːˈɡɹɛʃ.ən/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme mathematics, algorithm, neural.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.