Pratique du Shadowing: IELTS Listening Section-4(Four Business Values) with answers - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo

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Section 4 You will hear part of a lecture for business students about business values.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
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Thank you.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.
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In public discussion of business,
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we take certain values for granted.
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Today I'm going to talk about four of them.
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collaboration, hard work, creativity and excellence.
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Most people would say they're all good things.
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I'm going to suggest that's an oversimple view.
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The trouble with these values is that they're theoretical concepts removed from the reality of day-to-day business.
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Pursue values by all means,
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but be prepared for what may happen as a result.
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they can actually cause damage which is not at all the intention.
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Business leaders generally try to do the right thing,
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but all too often the right thing backfires if those leaders adopt values without understanding and managing the side effects that arise.
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The values can easily get in the way of what's actually intended.
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Okay, so the first value I'm going to discuss is collaboration.
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Let me give you an example.
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On a management training course I once attended,
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we were put into groups and had to construct a bridge across a stream using building blocks that we were given.
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The rule was that everyone in the team had to move at least one building block during the construction.
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This was intended to encourage teamwork.
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But it was really a job best done by one person.
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The other teams tried to collaborate on building the structure and descended into confusion with everyone getting in each other's way.
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Our team leader solved the challenge brilliantly.
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She simply asked everyone in the team to move a piece a few centimetres to comply with the rule
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and then let the person in the team with an aptitude for puzzles like this build it alone.
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We finished before any other team.
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My point is that the task wasn't really suited to team working so why make it one?
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Teamwork can also lead to inconsistency,
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a common cause of poor sales.
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In the case of a smartphone that a certain company launched,
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one director wanted to target the business market and another demanded it was aimed at consumers.
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The company wanted both directors to be involved
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so gave the product a consumer-friendly name
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but marketed it to companies the result was
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that it met the needs of neither group it would have been better to let one director
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or the other have his way not both Now, industriousness or hard work.
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It's easy to mock people who say they work hard.
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After all, a hamster running around in a wheel is working hard and getting nowhere.
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Of course, hard work is valuable,
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but only when properly targeted.
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Otherwise, it wastes the resources that companies value most,
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time and energy, and that's bad for the organisation.
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There's a management model that groups people according to four criteria.
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Clever, hard-working, stupid and lazy.
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Here, lazy means having a rational determination not to carry out unnecessary tasks.
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It doesn't mean trying to avoid work altogether.
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Most people display two of these characteristics and the most valuable people are those who are both clever and lazy.
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They possess intellectual clarity and they don't rush into making decisions.
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They come up with solutions to save the time and energy spent by the stupid and hard-working group.
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Instead of throwing more man-hours at a problem,
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the clever and lazy group looks for a more effective solution.
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Next, we come to creativity.
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This often works well, creating an attention-grabbing TV commercial,
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for example, might lead to increased sales.
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But it isn't always a good thing.
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Some advertising campaigns are remembered for their creativity without having any effect on sales.
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This happened a few years ago with the launch of a chocolate bar.
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Subsequent research showed that plenty of consumers remembered the adverts,
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but had no idea what was being advertised.
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The trouble is that the creator derives pleasure from coming up with the idea,
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and wrongly assumes the audience for the campaign will share that feeling.
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A company that brings out thousands of new products may seem more creative than a company that only has a few,
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but it may be too creative and make smaller profits.
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Creativity needs to be targeted to solve a problem that the company has identified.
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Just coming up with more and more novel products isn't necessarily a good thing.
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And finally, excellence.
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We all know companies that claim they strive for excellence,
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But it takes a long time to achieve excellence.
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In business, being first with a product is more profitable than having the best product.
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A major study of company performance compared pioneers,
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that is, companies bringing out the first version of a particular product,
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with followers, the companies that copied and improved on that product.
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The study found that the pioneers commanded an average market share of 29%,
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while the followers achieved less than half that,
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only 13%, even though their product might have been better.
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Insisting on excellence in everything we do is time-consuming,
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wastes energy and leads to losing out on opportunities.
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Sometimes second-rate work is more worthwhile than excellence.
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Make sure it's excellent sounds like a good approach to business,
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but the just-get-started approach is likely to be more successful.
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That is the end of Section 4.
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You now have half a minute to check your answers.
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Thank you.

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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon

Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau C1 s’appuie sur la vidéo « IELTS Listening Section-4(Four Business Values) with answers ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : product, value, excellence, companies, creativity. Cette vidéo contient 86 phrases et 914 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 8:07. Le locuteur parle à un rythme régulier d’environ 113 mots par minute, confortable pour le shadowing. 85 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais ; le reste mérite d’être vu avant de commencer.

Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo

Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :

MotPrononciationSens
excellence nom/ˈɛksələns/excellence
creativity nom/kri.eɪˈtɪv.ᵻ.ti/créativité
teamwork nomtravail d'équipe, travail en équipe
pioneer nom/ˌpaɪ.əˈnɪɹ/pionnier, pionnière
intend verbe/ɪnˈtɛnd/avoir l'intention, prévoir
backfire verbe/bækˈfaɪə(ɹ)/se retourner contre, avoir l'effet inverse
brilliantly adverbebrillamment
centimetre nom/ˈsɛn.tɪ.miː.tə/centimètre
criterion nom/kɹaɪˈtɪɹ.i.ən/critère
hamster nom/ˈhæm(p)stɚ/hamster, rat de blé
inconsistency nom/ˌɪnkənˈsɪstənsi/inconsistance
wrongly adverbe/ˈɹɔŋ.li/à tort
descend verbe/dəˈsɛnd/descendre
derive verbe/dɪˈɹaɪv/tirer, trouver
collaborate verbe/kəˈlæb.ə.ɹeɪt/collaborer

Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez

MotPrononciationSens
come up with verbeinventer, imaginer
carry out verbe/ˈkæ.ɹi aʊt/sortir, transporter dehors

La grammaire de cette vidéo

Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :

StructureDans la vidéo
Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le faitwere put · was intended · wasn't really suited
Propositions relatives who / which + proposition — une précision sur une personne ou une chosedamage which is · people who say · those who are

Prononciation à surveiller

Le locuteur utilise 10 contractions et formes réduites, comme I'm, isn't, they're. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.

  • Les sons « th »: worthwhile /ˌwɜː(ɹ)θˈwaɪl/, theoretical /ˌθi.əˈɹɛt.ɪ.kəl/, altogether /ɔl.tuˈɡɛð.ɚ/
  • Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: creativity /kri.eɪˈtɪv.ᵻ.ti/, centimetre /ˈsɛn.tɪ.miː.tə/, criterion /kɹaɪˈtɪɹ.i.ən/, inconsistency /ˌɪnkənˈsɪstənsi/, collaborate /kəˈlæb.ə.ɹeɪt/

Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :

  • /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: creativity /kri.eɪˈtɪv.ᵻ.ti/, follower /ˈfɒləʊə(ɹ)/, pioneer /ˌpaɪ.əˈnɪɹ/, backfire /bækˈfaɪə(ɹ)/, criterion /kɹaɪˈtɪɹ.i.ən/

Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo

  1. Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
  2. Répétez phrase par phrase à vitesse normale, en reprenant chacune jusqu’à ce que votre rythme corresponde à celui du locuteur.
  3. Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme excellence, creativity, teamwork.

Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?

Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.

Technique du shadowing : lire le guide complet étape par étape →