Pratique du Shadowing: Is being bilingual good for you brain? | BBC Ideas - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec YouTube

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It used to be thought that being bilingual was a bad thing, that it would confuse or hold people back, especially children.
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It used to be thought that being bilingual was a bad thing, that it would confuse or hold people back, especially children.
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Turns out we couldn't have been more wrong.
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Learning new languages is an exercise of the mind.
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It's the mental equivalent of going to a gym every day.
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In the bilingual brain, all our languages are active, all at the same time.
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The continual effort of suppressing a language when speaking another, along with the mental challenge that comes with regularly switching between languages, exercises our brain.
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It improves our concentration, problem solving, memory, and in turn, our creativity.
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It's now widely accepted that there are huge benefits to being bilingual.
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A key breakthrough came back in 2007 in Toronto, when Ellen Bialystok and her team made a discovery that shook the scientific community and has massive real-world implications.
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It was the first study which suggested that bilingual people, people who speak more than one language, develop dementia four to four and a half years later than those who don't.
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It was a powerful confirmation of the idea of cognitive reserve.
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Now, what is cognitive reserve?
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Cognitive reserve is the idea that people develop a reserve of thinking abilities, and this protects them against losses that can occur through aging and disease.
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As well as delaying the onset of dementia, bilingual people have been shown to recover significantly better after a stroke.
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Learning anything new helps build cognitive reserve, but there's something special about language.
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Language is particularly broad and complex.
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It affects ideas and concepts, perception, different sounds.
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The more complex a certain skill is, the more likely it is to have a positive effect on cognitive reserve.
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So when is the best time to learn a new language?
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Well, here's part of the answer.
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The brain is a complex set of neural networks.
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When you're learning a new language as a child, you're building new networks.
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But when you learn a language later in life, You have to modify the existing networks and make more connections.
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Because learning languages later in life can be more challenging, the benefits can also be greater.
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But a 2023 study at Great Ormond Street suggests this is just part of the story.
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So we invited three groups of children that were aged 8 to 10.
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And we had a group of children who were monolinguals, a group of children who had early exposure to Greek and English from birth.
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They were our early bilinguals.
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And finally, we had a group who had been exposed to English between the ages of two and five, and they were our later bilinguals.
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So what we did that no one had done before is that we asked the children to line the scanner while doing nothing and just staring at a cross.
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And during this we measured their brain activity.
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So what we found that was really exciting for us is that our early bilingual group had the strongest connectivity in the network at rest.
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And this group of regions are regions that light up when we're doing nothing and just mind-wandering.
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A little bit like if you're going to the gym every day, So muscles might look bigger at rest, while similarly your brain might be better connected at rest because you are learning a language early.
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And this is something no one had found before.
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And there's more.
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One lesser known behavioural effect of bilingualism in both children and adults is the ability to see the other people's perspective or to understand that it is possible to have different points of view.
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Recent studies have also found that people tend to react more emotionally in their first language and more rationally in a more abstract way in the second.
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And the way it is usually explained is that the first language is the one which we use to speak with family, with friends, in informal settings.
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The second language is usually learned at school, at the university, at work.
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Scientists are discovering new upsides to being bilingual all the time.
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And it's not just our brains that benefit.
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Learning new languages and speaking more than one language is very important, not only for individuals, but also for societies.
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Learning new languages can open doors to new cultural experiences, life opportunities.
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different people, different communities and different ways of seeing the world.
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And with that, we'll say a final.
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Ma assalamu.
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Say siin.
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Au revoir.
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Arrivederci.
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Goodbye.
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Dovizegna.
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Auf Wiedersehen.
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Adios.
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Adios.
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Bye.
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Thank you.

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Why practice speaking with this video?

This YouTube video offers valuable insights into the benefits of bilingualism, making it a fantastic resource for language learners. By practicing speaking with this content, you'll not only enhance your English skills but also engage in a broader global conversation about cognitive health. Speaking exercises that incorporate findings from the video can boost your ability to concentrate, solve problems, and even unleash creativity. Additionally, understanding the social dynamics of bilingualism as described may help you communicate more effectively with a diverse range of people.

Through the practice of shadow speech, where you mimic the speaker in real time, you'll develop your pronunciation and fluency. This method encourages active listening and immediate application, ensuring you internalize the language better. As bilingualism is linked to improved cognitive functions, adopting these speaking practices could also enhance your overall language retention.

Grammar & Expressions in Context

In the video, several key grammatical structures and expressions provide essential learning opportunities:

  • "It used to be thought that..." - This structure is useful to express past beliefs that have since changed.
  • "Learning new languages is an exercise of the mind." - This sentence employs a metaphor, illustrating language learning as a mental workout.
  • "...benefits to being bilingual." - The phrase showcases the use of prepositions and context-specific vocabulary.
  • "The continual effort of suppressing a language..." - This expression emphasizes a key aspect of language learning: managing and alternating between languages.
  • "The more complex a certain skill is..." - A comparative structure that indicates the correlation between complexity and cognitive benefits.

Engaging with these structures while practicing shadow speak will enhance your grammatical accuracy and deepen your comprehension of context usage.

Common Pronunciation Traps

As you engage with this insightful video, be aware of a few tricky pronunciation elements:

  • "Bilingual" - Some learners may stumble on the "bi-" prefix, which is pronounced as "bye".
  • "Cognitive" - Pay attention to the stress on the first syllable, which can be difficult for non-native speakers.
  • "Complex" - This word often confuses learners with its "ex" ending; ensure you pronounce it clearly.
  • "Dementia" - The “men” in this word should be stressed appropriately to avoid miscommunication.

Practicing these challenging words in your shadowing exercises can sharpen your pronunciation and make your speech sound more natural.

By utilizing the insights and methods from this video, you can learn English with YouTube effectively and enjoyably, making significant improvements in your speaking skills through shadowspeaks techniques.

Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?

Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.

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