Pratique du Shadowing: Learn English with ZENDAYA — Funny INTERVIEW - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo

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Oh yeah!
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Today we're learning English with the incredibly talented Zendaya, who you may recognize as MJ from Spider -Man,
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Chani from Dune, or as the fierce tennis pro from her newest movie, Challengers.
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And in case you're new here, let me tell you how our incredibly powerful method that is trusted by millions of English learners works.
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So first, you're going to watch the scene with subtitles.
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And if there's anything that you don't understand, don't worry because then we're going to teach you all the most important vocabulary, expressions, and connected speech.
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And then finally, you'll watch again without subtitles to challenge your listening.
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And every single week, we put out new lessons like this to help you understand fast speaking natives without getting lost,
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without missing the jokes, and without subtitles.
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So hit that subscribe button and the bell down below, and that way you won't miss a single new lesson.
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Let's dive in.
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By the way, I know you're getting like incredible reviews for this movie challenges.
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I got to ask you a couple questions.
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First of all, I know you had a premiere on Tuesday, right, here in L .A.?
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Yes, yes.
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And I know you have a very big family, and they are often at your things.
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Yes.
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Were they at this thing?
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Yes, they were.
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They were, okay.
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So you've got some very sexy scenes in the movie.
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Yes, yes, we do.
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And while I was watching it, I was wondering if your family was going to see those.
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Yes, they have.
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They did.
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And do you warn them beforehand?
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Absolutely.
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How does it work?
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Well, they know it's a rated R movie, okay?
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So I was like, you know, walking into this, if you can't handle the heat, get out of the kitchen uh -huh um but
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but i forewarned them but it was it was honestly my favorite part of night
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because i've seen the movie many times okay i'm you know the producer on the film right yeah that too yeah
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but so i know when the scenes are coming right
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so i basically when those scenes were happening i just was watching my family
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because they were behind me so i just watched them the whole time It was hilarious.
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Oh, that's good.
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Yeah, because they're starting, and they're like...
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And then I slowly get more uncomfortable, and then they're like...
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And then my little nieces were back there.
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I mean, they're grown -ups, but they're 18.
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They literally were like...
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It was my favorite part of the night.
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Who was most uncomfortable in your family?
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Most uncomfortable would...
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Yeah, I think it would be my nieces.
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Your nieces?
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Yeah, they were just like...
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Oh, yeah.
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Oh, yeah, right.
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Looking at.
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Because they're at that age that any of the, even if they're watching Strangers, they might be uncomfortable.
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Yeah.
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And then they're watching their aunt.
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By the way, I know you're getting, like, incredible reviews for this movie, Challengers, which is, I'd like to ask you a couple questions.
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First of all, I know you had a premiere on Tuesday, right?
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Here in LA?
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Yes, yes.
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And I know you have a very big family
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and they are often at your things yes were they at this thing yes they were okay
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so you've got some very sexy scenes in the movie um
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and while i was watching it i was wondering
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if your family was gonna see i love
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that she obviously knows what kind of question he's going to be asking by already asking
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if her family was at the premiere yeah yeah she kind of expecting that question already, right?
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That's a hot topic.
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Exactly.
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So there is a lot of connected speech here.
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We'll define it.
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But let me first ask you.
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So Jimmy was referring to her movies as things, right?
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He was telling that you have a big family and they're often at your things.
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Is it like a common way for natives to change words for a word thing?
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Yeah.
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And especially in this context, it might refer to any sort of event so you might say
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if a friend asks you to go to dinner entirely you
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could say oh i can't go i have a thing i have a thing
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which is kind of a broad way to say i have an event i have a commitment of some sort
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so when he says your things he might not just be referring to the movie
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but rather the event of the premiere
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that they're often going to her premieres well i gotta ask
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you a couple questions what's happening here in a couple of
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questions yeah that's a really common collocation as well a couple of questions
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that it almost sounds just like one word right it's it's a sort of word chunk
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so a couple of questions we reduce the of to a schwa sound uh
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and it becomes a couple of questions a couple of questions
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a couple of times a couple of times sometimes i i
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feel like they even drop off just a couple days a couple questions is it possible
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or is it just like off so reduced that we can't hear it
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You yeah it probably is so reduced
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that it almost you almost feel like it disappears
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but it's probably there very very subtly okay
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and then i have this tongue twister almost a tongue twister
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for all the learners who want to practice this sound yeah
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because in this sentence almost every word has a sound let me read it
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while i was watching it i was wondering if and
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while i was watching it i was wondering
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if your family was gonna see so
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while i was watching it i was wondering
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if can you break down the connected speech here ethan yeah
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so we have some pronouns there we have the eye
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which it doesn't exactly reduce but it does link so we have
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while i we link the sound at the end to the eye
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so while i while i
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while i was watching we could reduce even the watching to a watching
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but i don't believe that that's what they did here
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but it does connect to the it and i
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while i was watching it i and we have an american t
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because the it when we have a t between two vowel sounds like the it
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and the i it becomes more of a what sounds like a d sound so
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it i it i and then was wondering if
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while i was watching it i was wondering if
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and then again this very common contraction of going to to ghana yeah
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if your family was gonna see yes they have they did
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and do you warn them beforehand how does it work well they know it's a rated r movie okay
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oh there's a lot of going on in very short clip
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uh first let's start with warn them beforehand what does it
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mean to warn someone to warn someone means to tell them
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that there could be possible danger and beforehand beforehand means
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that it's happening before something else so before the movie beforehand yeah
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so later in the clip she would use another verb
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which means the same forward so instead of using warn beforehand you can use forward
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and do you warn them beforehand how does it work
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and the connected speech we can see here is we again
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have one chunk out of three words it being a function word connects to does
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and we hear how does it work we don't hear the t sound here
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because it's a stop t at the end so jimmy doesn't pronounce it
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and we hear how does it work well they know it's
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a rated r movie okay this is a rated r movie
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that's some american culture right r i believe it stands for restricted meaning
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that it's restricted to people who are over 18 in fact
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if you are under 18
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and you try to go to an r -rated movie without a parent
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or a guardian they won't let you in
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or they're not supposed to let you in so maybe
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if you look like you're over 18 they might anyway
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but it can be difficult to go to one of those movies
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if you're not an adult and we have other ratings
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that i never even pay attention to them anymore but
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when i was a kid we would
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because our parents would let us see some ratings and not others
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so there's g which is like anyone can watch it it's pretty much disney pg meaning
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that maybe it's a little bit more
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so you should be a little bit older child
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and then there's pg 13 which is basically saying that
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if you're under 13
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that it's kind of parents discretion you know you might not want your kids to watch it
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and the pg stands for parental guidance
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and then finally as i mentioned r is restricted
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and it is restricted because of those uh sexual scenes yeah very um yeah
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and probably language as well so i was like you know walking into this
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if you can't handle the heat get out the kitchen uh -huh um
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but but i forewarned them but it was it was honestly my favorite part
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because i've seen the movie many times okay i'm you know
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what an expression expression yeah could you repeat what she said here
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if you can't handle the heat get out of the kitchen
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so much connected to speech
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but also could you define the meaning what does it mean
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right it's basically saying don't put yourself in a situation
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if you know that you can't handle it so maybe
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if someone went to study abroad
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and they're complaining how difficult it is to understand all these people speaking English you could say like you know
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if you can't handle the heat get out of the kitchen
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like you know you're choosing to be here living studying abroad
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and so on so it comes with the territory
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which basically means it's it's a part of the experiences having
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that difficulty of understanding people in another language right yeah and
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if you can't cope with that right and she's using this
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because she's saying you know you guys know it's an r -rated movie probably you've seen some trailer
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or something so you know if you don't think you can handle
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that then don't come watch it
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because you know you might be a bit scandalized nice
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but it was it was honestly my favorite part of night because I've seen the movie.
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Again, she says part of a night should be part of the night.
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But I imagine that she reduces off and death so much that we almost like can't hear it.
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And we have part of night.
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So the word part ends with T, which is followed by off, right?
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So it turns into American D sound, part of, part of night.
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She's not part of the book.
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And T at the end of night is a silent T then she says
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that because i've seen the movie could you explain the connective speech here anything yeah we have first of all
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because which is a reduction of because that natives use all the time
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and we have i've again i is a function word
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so we have cuz i cuz i cuz i've
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and the reduces to the because i've seen the movie i've seen the movie
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but so i know when the scenes are coming right
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so i basically when those scenes were happening i just was watching my family
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because they were behind me
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so i just watched them the whole time it was hilarious
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hilarious it is a nice word it means extremely funny
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when you have a situation that is super funny you can say
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that it was hilarious
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and this clip is packed with connected speech ethan can you help me out here i just was watching
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so i just watched them what's happening here a lot of times with just
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if it's followed by a consonant like it is here just was we'll drop the t
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so it's just was and also with watching with these ing endings oftentimes we'll drop the g
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so she says watching my instead of watching my i just
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was watching my family i just was watching my family
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and then she says so So I just watched them the whole time.
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And again, we have the same thing happen with just.
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So I just watch them.
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And we pretty much don't even hear that past tense ending, do we?
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The watched that normally ends with a T sound, the watch in the past, but it morphs with them.
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Right.
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So it's so I would just watch them.
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So I just watch them.
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Oh, that's good.
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They're starting and they're like and then i just leave them slowly get more uncomfortable and then they're like
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and then my little nieces were back there i mean they're they're grown -ups
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but they're 18 they're literally were like it was my favorite
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part of the night who who was most uncomfortable in your
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family most uncomfortable would yeah i think it would be my
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my my nieces your nieces yeah they were just like oh yeah oh yeah right looking at
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because they're at that age that any of the and even
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if they're watching strangers they might be uncomfortable yeah
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and then they're watching their aunt people who haven't seen the movie might be curious now to see it i think
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yeah you have watched it right i did yeah it's a
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bit exaggerated like i think the highlights of the sex scenes were already in the trailer
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so when you see the movie it's nothing that's surprising
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But it still would be quite weird if you're in the movie watching your family react to it.
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Okay, so she's talking about her relatives, about her family.
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Who is a niece?
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A niece is your brother or sister's daughter.
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So a lot of learners confuse niece and nephew.
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So niece is for a girl and nephew is for a boy.
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Exactly.
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And she also said that they are already grown -ups.
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Yeah, that's a funny word to use.
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Grown -ups is adults
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and we have the phrasal verb to grow up means to pass from being a child to being an adult
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and this word grown -ups kids will use more so it's kind of funny that she's referring to her
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her nieces as grown -ups yeah i didn't know that
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so you would just say adults right not grown -ups grown
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-ups is like what kids say interesting right another family related uh word is aunt or aunt here, right?
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Who is your aunt?
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I think she said aunt, right?
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She said aunt, but Jimmy says aunt, right?
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So there's a difference between British American and pronunciation.
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I would say aunt, but there are parts of the United States that people say aunt, especially the South, I would say.
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Do you have any aunts, Ethan?
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I do.
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I have many aunts, I guess I would say.
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So, and basically aunt is a sister of either your father or mother, right?
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and uncle would be the male equivalent exactly because they're at
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that age that any of it so jimmy says because they're at
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that age what's happening here so we have at
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that ends in t and because it's followed by a th it actually assimilates meaning
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that they just go together so we just pronounce the th at
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that at that and we have another american t in
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that that's connecting with age because there's two vowels right that age at that age Because they're at that age.
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In this next clip we brought today, she's actually talking about press tour.
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The celebrities go on press tours to promote the movie.
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How many countries have you been to since February?
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Oh, man.
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Like, probably like seven?
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Wow.
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And you like traveling around the world quickly like that?
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You know, I am grateful that I have a job that allows me to travel, allows me to see the world.
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I wish that I had more time in the place.
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Because really, you know, when you're doing press tours, you really just see the inside of your hotel.
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You know, you don't ever really get to go out and see the sights and get to be around people.
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So that's the only, the downfall.
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Are you a good packer?
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Are you a good sleeper?
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Can you go to sleep on the plane?
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Are you a good traveler in general?
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So I used to be able to sleep anywhere.
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Like, I used to be able to just, like, curl up in a ball and sleep on the flight the whole way.
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Like, before it even takes off, I'll be knocked out.
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But these days, I don't know if it's because I'm getting older.
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You are pretty old.
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Yeah, you're getting really old.
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You know, my first time here, I was 16.
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Yeah, that's right.
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I know.
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That's right.
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You and we were on Dancing with the Stars.
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And as I remind you, each time I see you, I bet quite a bit of money on you and won quite a bit of money on you.
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how many countries have you been to since uh since february oh man um like
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probably like seven wow and you like traveling around the world quickly like
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that you know i i am grateful that i have a job
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that allows me to travel allows me to see the world i wish
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that i had more time what is this number seven ish
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I love this thing in English this ish ish basically means kind of
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so if you're saying seven ish you're saying probably about seven
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but maybe it was six maybe it was eight or maybe
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if I ask you do you want to go get a
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bite to eat you might say I could eat something I'm hungry ish
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if you said that it's like I'm not starving
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but you know I'll accompany you i'll go have a small bite
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because i'm not very hungry yeah i also saw
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that this word can be used separately in an answer like for example
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if you are asked are you busy you can just answer
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ish meaning like yeah a little bit busy instead of saying
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busy ish you just say ish some grammar point here
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so he's asking how many countries have you been to since february
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so if we see the word since it's just like a marker
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that we have present perfect tense here
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and why do we have present perfect tense here
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because he's asking about her experience right so since
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that time since february how many countries have you been to
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and in the response
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if you want just to talk about your experience you can use present perfect again i've been to seven countries
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but if you want to
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specify
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when you went there yeah you should use past simple I
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went to France two months ago for example you know I am grateful
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that I have a job
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that allows me to travel allows me to see the world I wish
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that I had more time can you break down the connected
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species using here Ethan yeah we have some American teas
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that I have that I have a job we have the reduction of a to a schwa sound
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and then we have again with that allows there's another American tea
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that allows another American tea and reduction of two to ta
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but then becoming American tea da allows me to travel allows me to travel
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and very similar in allows me to see the world allows me to see the world
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and finally she says i wish
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that i had time we have passed simple in the second part of the wish sentence
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because it's a conditional it's an imaginary situation i wish
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that i had time but that's not true she actually doesn't have
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that time that's why it is a conditional sentence in the place
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because really you know
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when you're doing press tours you really just see the inside
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of your hotel you know you don't ever really get to go out
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and and see the sights and get to be around people so that's the only the downfall.
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What is a site or a sightseeing tour, Ethan?
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Basically, the sites are the things to see in a place.
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So if you think of Paris, the sites are the Eiffel Tower, the Arc de Triomphe, the Sacre Coeur, right?
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All these places that tourists have to go to because they're impressive to see.
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So you could go on a sightseeing tour, for example, that would take you to all of these places and explain to you their history and importance and so on.
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But on a press tour, they don't take you.
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no probably typically not and especially
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if you're a celebrity you might need to go a bit incognito meaning in a way
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that you can't be recognized because you can't just go as a normal tourist right yeah
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so when she said
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that that's a downfall she uses this word here in the meaning of downside
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or disadvantage of such press tours right yeah i think she actually used the wrong word That's what I wanted to ask,
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because when I checked the meaning of the word downfall, it actually meant like a sudden loss of something, like of a progress, of happiness,
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of fortune, I don't know.
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But he or she maybe wanted to use downside, right?
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Not a downfall.
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Exactly.
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That's the downside to something, meaning the negative aspect to it.
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Can you go to sleep on the plane?
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Are you a good traveler in general?
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So I used to be able to sleep anywhere.
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Like, I used to be able to just, like, curl up in a ball and sleep on the flight the whole way.
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Like, before it even takes off, I'll be knocked out.
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But these days, I don't know if it's because I'm getting older.
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So, Zendaya says here that she used to be able to sleep anywhere.
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The phrasal verb, to be used to do something, means that you had that ability in the past, but you don't have it anymore.
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so right now we understand that she can't sleep anywhere right
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and this beautiful phrase curl up in a ball could you
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define it Ethan for us yeah curl up in a ball is often used for animals like cats
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and dogs when they go to sleep they curl up in a ball
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so we'll use that also as an expression to say to be able to make yourself cozy
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and fall asleep yeah that's exactly what I was thinking of of my cats curled up in a bowl
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and sleep on the flight the whole way like before it even takes off i'll be knocked out
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but these days i don't know if it's because i'm getting older
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she's referring to situation on a plane
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so in the context of flights to take off means to leave the ground yeah it's about planes
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and to knock out is a slang word for falling asleep if you know my first time here i was 16.
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yeah that's right i know that's right you
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and we were on dancing with the stars
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and as i remind you each time i see you i bet quite a bit of money on you
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and won quite a bit of money on you jimmy mentions
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here this show dancing with the stars have you watched
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that show what is it about i have a couple times just
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because my mom is a huge fan I find it immensely cheesy
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so I don't watch it myself
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but basically they invite different celebrities to come on in several weeks or maybe a couple months where they're competing with
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professional dancers like each celebrity has a professional dancer pair
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and they're competing to win and
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so that's how we can understand the next part of what
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Jimmy says they were both on this show at the same
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time with professional dancers as their partners I don't know
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if Jimmy made it very long but apparently Zendaya won it
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and he's saying that he bet money on her meaning
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that he made a bet that she would win and he won a lot of money on her meaning that
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because she won he was able to make a lot from
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that bet that's interesting but when you're saying that the show is cheesy.
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What do you mean?
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Cheesy means that it's in bad taste or it's not so refined or of such great quality.
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Well, I share the same interest with your mom, or at least I used to share.
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I was watching Dancing with the Stars Ukrainian version.
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Anyway, I just wanted to comment on quite a bit.
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So while you were explaining the phrase bet money on someone, you said that he won a lot of money.
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So that's how our reviewers can understand that quite a bit means a lot.
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And there is a difference with a bit.
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If you say that I have a bit of money, you say that I have some amount of money, not a large amount of money.
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But when you say quite a bit, it means the opposite.
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It means that you have a lot of money.
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Right?
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Yeah.
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It's a great clarification.
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now it's time for a test let's watch the clip one
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more time this time without subtitles i gotta ask you a
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couple questions first of all i know you had a premiere on tuesday right here yes
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and i know you have a very big family
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and they are often at your things yes were they at this thing yes they were okay
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so you've got some very sexy scenes in the movie um
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and while i was watching it i was wondering
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if your family was gonna see yes they have they did
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and do you warn them beforehand how does it work well they know it's a rated r movie okay
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so i was like you know walking into this
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if you can't handle the heat get out the kitchen uh -huh um but but i forewarned them but it was, it was, Honestly, my favorite part of the night, because I've seen the movie many times.
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Okay.
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And I'm, you know.
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You're a producer on the film, right?
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Yeah. That too.
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Yeah.
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But so I know when the scenes are coming, right?
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So I basically, when those scenes were happening, I just was watching my family, because they were behind me.
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So I just watched them the whole time.
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It was hilarious.
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Oh, you did?
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Oh, that's good.
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They're starting, and they're like.
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And then I slowly get more uncomfortable, and then they're like.
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And then my little nieces were back there.
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I mean, they're grown -ups, but they're 18.
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They literally were like...
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It was my favorite part of the night.
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Who was most uncomfortable in your family?
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Most uncomfortable would...
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Yeah, I think it would be my nieces.
426
Your nieces, yeah.
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Yeah, they were just like...
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Oh, yeah, right.
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Looking at...
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Because they're at that age that any of the...
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Even if they're watching Strangers, they might be uncomfortable.
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Yeah.
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And then they're watching their aunt.
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How many countries have you been to since February?
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Oh, man.
436
Like, probably like seven?
437
Wow.
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And do you like traveling around the world quickly like that?
439
You know, I am grateful that I have a job that allows me to travel, allows me to see the world.
440
I wish that I had more time in the place.
441
Because really, you know, when you're doing press tours, you really just see the inside of your hotel.
442
You know, you don't ever really get to go out
443
and see the sights and get to be around people
444
so that's the only the downfall are you a good packer
445
are you a good sleeper can you go sleep on the plane are you a good traveler in general
446
so i used to be able to sleep anywhere like i
447
used to be able to just like curl up in a ball
448
and sleep on the flight the whole way like before it even takes off i'll be knocked out
449
but these days i don't know if it's because i'm getting older
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you are pretty old yeah you're getting really you know my first time here i was 16.
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yeah that's right i know that's right you
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and we were on dancing with the stars
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and as i remind you each time i see you i bet quite a bit of money on you
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and won quite a bit of money on you and
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if you are enjoying learning english with lessons just like this
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please give this video a like subscribe to our channel
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and hit the bell down below to never miss any of our news lessons
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and if you're in the mood to keep learning today check this lesson next i walk in
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and there's a model like a real one
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and she's like on the treadmill right
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and she's running like faster than a racehorse would run she's top speed top speed
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and not breathing heavy at all she's like

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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon

Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau B1 s’appuie sur la vidéo « Learn English with ZENDAYA — Funny INTERVIEW ». Cette vidéo contient 462 phrases et 4963 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 27:39. Le locuteur parle à un rythme naturel d’environ 179 mots par minute, proche d’une conversation courante. 85 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais ; le reste mérite d’être vu avant de commencer.

Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo

Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :

MotPrononciationSens
niece nom/nis/nièce
aunt nom/ɑːnt/tante, tatie
uncomfortable adjectif/ʌnˈkʌm.fɚ.tə.bl̩/inconfortable
beforehand adverbe/bɪˈfɔɹhænd/préalablement, auparavant
warn verbe/woɹn/avertir, alerter
curl nom/kɜɹl/boucle
rat nom/ɹæt/rat, souris
downfall nom/ˈdaʊnfɔːl/chute
premiere nom/pɹəˈmɪɚ/première
clip nom/klɪp/pince
hilarious adjectif/hɪˈlɛə.ɹi.əs/hilarant
subtitle nom/ˈsʌbtaɪtəl/sous-titre
restrict verbe/ɹɪˈstɹɪkt/restreindre, limiter
celebrity nom/səˈlɛb.ɹɪ.ɾi/célébrité
forewarn verbeprécautionner

Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez

MotSens
knock out verbeassommer
take off verbeenlever, ôter
go out verbesortir
break down verbetomber en panne
get out verbesortir
drop off verbes’endormir, tomber
grow up verbegrandir

Des phrases à répéter

Des phrases courtes et complètes de la vidéo, à réutiliser dans la conversation de tous les jours :

  • Who was most uncomfortable in your family?
  • Are you a good packer?
  • Are you a good sleeper?
  • Can you go to sleep on the plane?
  • Are you a good traveler in general?

La grammaire de cette vidéo

Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :

StructureDans la vidéo
« Used to » used to + verbe — une habitude ou un état passé qui n’est plus vraiused to be
Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenanti've seen · you've seen · haven't seen
Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le faitis trusted · is restricted · is followed
Propositions relatives who / which + proposition — une précision sur une personne ou une choseChallengers, which is · people who are · because which is

Prononciation à surveiller

Le locuteur utilise 140 contractions et formes réduites, comme they're, don't, you're. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.

  • Les sons « sh » et « zh »: schwa /ʃwɑ/, conditional /kənˈdɪʃ.ə.nəl/, collocation /ˌkɑ.ləˈkeɪ.ʃən/, contraction /kənˈtɹækʃ(ə)n/, pronunciation /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/
  • Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: uncomfortable /ʌnˈkʌm.fɚ.tə.bl̩/, hilarious /hɪˈlɛə.ɹi.əs/, celebrity /səˈlɛb.ɹɪ.ɾi/, conditional /kənˈdɪʃ.ə.nəl/, assimilate /əˈsɪm.ɪ.leɪt/

Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :

  • /h/ — il se souffle, il n’est pas muet: beforehand /bɪˈfɔɹhænd/, hilarious /hɪˈlɛə.ɹi.əs/, highlight /ˈhaɪˌlaɪt/
  • /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: cheesy /ˈt͡ʃiːzi/, stranger /ˈstɹeɪnd͡ʒɚ/, chunk /t͡ʃʌŋk/, exaggerate /ɛɡˈzæd͡ʒ.ə.ɹeɪt/, disadvantage /ˌdɪsədˈvæntɪd͡ʒ/
  • /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: beforehand /bɪˈfɔɹhænd/, warn /woɹn/, curl /kɜɹl/, rat /ɹæt/, premiere /pɹəˈmɪɚ/

Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo

  1. Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
  2. Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
  3. Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme niece, aunt, uncomfortable.

Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?

Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.

Technique du shadowing : lire le guide complet étape par étape →