Pratique du Shadowing: Present Simple Verb Form in English - English Verb Tenses - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
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Hello, I'm Olly.
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Welcome to Oxford Online English.
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In this lesson, you can learn about the present simple verb tense in English.
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How many ways do you know to use the present simple?
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The present simple doesn't just have one or two uses.
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There are at least eight common uses and many more special cases.
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In this lesson, you can learn all about the present simple tense.
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Beginners can learn simple ways to use this verb form, and more advanced students can learn about more complex uses of the present simple.
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Ready?
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Okay, let's start.
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First question, how can you form the present simple?
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To use the present simple, you need to remember three things.
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First, add an S or ES to the verb in the third -person singular, for example, after he, she, or it.
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Make negatives using don't or doesn't.
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You use doesn't again for the third -person singular, he, she, or it.
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You make questions with do or does.
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For example, I visit them once a week.
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She visits them once a week.
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We add an s to the verb after he, she, it.
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I have a lot of things to do.
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I don't have a lot of things to do.
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We make negatives with don't.
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I don't have much time.
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He doesn't have much time time.
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We make negatives with doesn't after he, she, or it.
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You have a big family.
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Do you have a big family?
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We make questions with do.
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Do you live in this building?
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Does she live in this building?
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For the third person, we make questions with does.
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You can see that when we use does or doesn't, we don't add s to the verb.
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OK, that shows you how to form the present simple, but how can you use it?
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Let's look at the different ways you can use this verb form.
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Part 2.
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Talking about a regular action.
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This is one of the most common uses of the present simple.
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Let's just look at some examples.
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She calls her parents every week.
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I don't often go to the gym.
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Or, do you always eat so quickly?
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In all of these sentences, we're talking about actions which happen or don't happen regularly.
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These actions are not happening at this moment.
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This is a simple use of the present simple, which you maybe knew already.
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But, we've only just started.
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How else can you use the present simple?
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Do you know any other ways?
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Let's look.
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Part three, talking about general truths.
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If you want to talk about something which is generally true, you will also need the present simple.
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For example, the moon goes around the earth.
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The Nile is the longest river in the world." Or,
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"...elephants live for sixty or seventy years on average." These things are generally true,
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because they aren't just true at one moment.
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They were true a hundred years ago, they're true today, and they'll be true a hundred years in the future.
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Compare this to the previous idea, talking about regular actions.
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In both cases, we use the present simple to talk about something which is true not just at this moment,
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but also in the future and the past.
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This idea is an important part of the meaning of the present simple.
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We'll see it again.
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Part four.
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Talking about states and situations.
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Throwing is an action.
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It's something which can be happening at one moment.
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A question.
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Are all verbs actions?
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Think about a verb like seem.
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Is seeming an action?
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Can you say, you're seeming very quiet today?
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No and no. Verbs like seem describe states, not actions.
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We use the present simple to talk about all states in the present.
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For example, You seem a bit quiet today.
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He has a lot of experience in his subject.
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Or, Why does this one cost more than the others?
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Many verbs which describe states like seem or cost can only be used in simple tenses.
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They don't exist in continuous tenses.
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Again, you can see the same idea of something which is true not just now, at this moment, but also in the future, and the past.
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If you say he has a lot of experience in his subject, that means that he had a lot of experience last week,
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and he'll have a lot of experience next week, too.
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It's not just about this moment.
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Part 5.
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Using the present simple with verbs of sensing, feeling, thinking, or speaking.
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With many verbs of sensing, like hear, see, or smell, feeling, like like, love, or hate,
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state, thinking , or speaking ,
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we use the present simple.
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This is because many of these verbs describe states, and the present simple is used to talk about states, as we talked about just now.
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Let's look at some more examples.
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This cheese smells a bit strange.
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I don't like going shopping.
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Do you realise what you're doing?
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I promise it won't happen again.
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In all of these sentences, only the present simple is possible.
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You can't say, are you realising what you're doing?
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Or I'm promising it won't happen again.
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Part six, talking about long -lasting situations.
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If you say, she lives with her friend.
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Or, she's living with her friend. Are they the same?
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If not, what's the difference?
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They are different.
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If you say she lives with her friend, with the present simple, this suggests that the situation is permanent, or at least long -lasting.
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She's not just staying with her friend for a few days.
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She lives there with her friend, permanently.
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If you say she's living with her friend, with the present continuous, this suggests that the situation is temporary.
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Maybe she's just staying with her friend while she looks for her own place.
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When we use the present simple to talk about a situation,
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it suggests that the situation has continued for a long time—the same idea again—or
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that we expect the situation to continue for a long time into the future.
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In some cases, it's possible to use either the present simple or the present continuous in the same sentence, but the meanings would be different.
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Using the present simple shows a situation is long -lasting or permanent, while using the present continuous shows that a situation is just temporary.
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For example, he works for a small design company.
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This is his career.
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This is his job.
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He'll probably stay there for a long time.
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He's working for a small design company.
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He works there at the moment.
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He might change jobs soon.
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June.
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Another example.
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I go to the gym every week.
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That means I do this every week, every month, all year.
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Next month, I'll still be going to the gym.
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I'm going to the gym every week.
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That means I'm just doing this at the moment.
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Next month, you won't see me there.
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In all of these sentences, both forms are possible , but the present simple shows that these situations are long -lasting.
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Using the present continuous shows that these situations probably won't continue for a long time.
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OK, part seven.
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Lots of parts.
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Use the present simple to tell stories or jokes in conversational English.
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Imagine you're telling a story to your friends.
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What verb form would you use?
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You should use the past, right?
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After all, you're talking about a story, something which happened in the past.
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Shouldn't you use the past verb form?
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Hmm.
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That's logical, but it's not always true.
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We often use the present simple to tell stories or jokes, even for things which happened in the past.
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This is only possible in conversational English.
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Why do we do this?
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Using the present simple instead of the past makes the story sound more direct, more exciting.
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For example, so I see this guy who looks just like Johnny Depp, and I go up to talk to him,
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but then I trip and I throw my drink all over him.
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He gives me this look like I'm a complete idiot and just walks away.
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Similarly, the present simple is often used in newspaper headlines, even for things which happened in the past.
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For example, you might see headlines like
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Like, Prime Minister resigns.
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Scientists discover new elements.
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Next, we also use the present simple in commentary.
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What's commentary?
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Commentary means describing something as it's happening, usually on TV or on the radio.
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For example, sports matches have commentators who describe the match to listeners or viewers.
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Commentators use the present simple to talk about shorter actions happening at that moment.
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For example, He passes, he shoots, he hits the post.
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She serves, but Williams makes a great return.
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The prince waits at the altar while the princess walks slowly up the aisle.
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This might seem strange.
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Commentary describes something which is happening now.
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So, you might think we should use the present continuous.
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Commentary does use the present continuous, but mostly for longer actions.
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For example, he's warming up and getting ready to come on the pitch.
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The players are taking a break while the medic treats her leg.
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Normally, we use the present simple for longer actions and the present continuous for shorter actions.
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But, in commentary, the opposite is true.
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The present simple describes shorter actions, the continuous is used for longer actions.
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OK, you're nearly finished.
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We have one more use of the present simple.
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What is it?
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Let's look.
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Part 9, we use the present simple for future schedules.
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So, you can use the present simple to talk about the future.
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How?
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Well, we use the present simple to talk about things in the future which are on a timetable or a schedule.
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This includes things like trains, planes, and other public transport, meetings and appointments, classes, and so on, things like this.
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For example, class starts at 10.
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The plane arrives at 12 .20 at night.
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What time does the meeting start?
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In all of these sentences, we're talking about the future, but because we're talking about timetables or schedules, we use the present simple.
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OK, let's review.
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Wow, lots of information in this lesson!
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Don't worry if you don't remember it all.
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You can always review the video if you need to.
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It will still be here.
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I hope you can see that the present simple is actually a very flexible and powerful verb form.
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You can use it to express many, many different ideas.
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However, if you want to use the present simple in these ways, you need to understand the different meanings.
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There isn't one answer to the question, what does the present simple do?
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There are many answers.
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Okay, that's the end of the lesson.
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Thanks very much for watching.
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I hope you found it useful.
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You can see more of our free lessons on our website, www .oxfordonlineenglish .com.
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But that's all.
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Thanks very much.
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See you next time.
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Bye -bye.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale s’appuie sur la vidéo « Present Simple Verb Form in English - English Verb Tenses ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : present, simple, verb, action, example. Cette vidéo contient 195 phrases et 1815 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 13:43. Le locuteur parle à un rythme régulier d’environ 132 mots par minute, confortable pour le shadowing. 88 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc facile à suivre.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
15 mots de la vidéo à retenir, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| verb nom | /vɝb/ | verbe |
| continuous adjectif | /kənˈtɪn.juː.əs/ | continu, continuel |
| lesson nom | /ˈlɛs.ən/ | leçon |
| tense nom | /tɛns/ | temps, temps verbal |
| temporary adjectif | /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/ | temporaire, provisoire |
| headline nom | /ˈhɛd.laɪn/ | titre, manchette |
| commentator nom | /ˈkɑmənˌteɪtəɹ/ | commentateur |
| element nom | /ˈɛləmənt/ | élément |
| compare verbe | /kəmˈpɛɚ/ | comparer |
| pitch nom | /pɪt͡ʃ/ | tir, jet |
| discover verbe | /dɪˈskʌvə/ | découvrir |
| arrive verbe | /əˈɹaɪv/ | arriver |
| similarly adverbe | /ˈsɪm.ə.lə.li/ | pareillement, semblablement |
| scientist nom | /ˈsaɪəntəst/ | scientifique, savant |
| logical adjectif | /ˈlɑd͡ʒɪkəl/ | logique |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| warm up verbe | /ˌwɔː(ɹ)m ˈʌp/ | se réchauffer, se chauffer |
Des phrases à répéter
Des phrases courtes et complètes de la vidéo, à réutiliser dans la conversation de tous les jours :
- First question, how can you form the present simple?
- Can you say, you're seeming very quiet today?
- Do you realise what you're doing?
- You can't say, are you realising what you're doing?
- Shouldn't you use the past verb form?
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Propositions relatives who / which + proposition — une précision sur une personne ou une chose | something which is · something which can · guy who looks |
| Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant | we've only just started · has continued |
| Possibilité avec « might / may » might/may + verbe — quelque chose de possible mais pas certain | might change · might see · might seem |
| Conseil avec « should » should + verbe — dire ce qu’il vaut mieux faire | should use · Shouldn't you use |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 46 contractions et formes réduites, comme don't, doesn't, you're. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: continuous /kənˈtɪn.juː.əs/, commentary /ˈkɑ.mənˌtɛ.ɹi/, temporary /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/, commentator /ˈkɑmənˌteɪtəɹ/, similarly /ˈsɪm.ə.lə.li/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: pitch /pɪt͡ʃ/, logical /ˈlɑd͡ʒɪkəl/
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: commentary /ˈkɑ.mənˌtɛ.ɹi/, temporary /ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/, commentator /ˈkɑmənˌteɪtəɹ/, arrive /əˈɹaɪv/, resign /ɹɪˈzaɪn/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Répétez phrase par phrase à vitesse normale, en reprenant chacune jusqu’à ce que votre rythme corresponde à celui du locuteur.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme verb, continuous, lesson.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.