Pratique du Shadowing: Zero Trust Explained in 4 mins - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
Création de la leçon...
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Zero Trust is a security strategy that says you shouldn't grant implicit trust to a user,
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device or an application based solely around some property about them, like their network location.
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Over the next few minutes, I'll explain exactly what we mean by this and how IBM can help.
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But let's be really clear upfront.
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Zero Trust isn't something that can simply be delivered by implementing a new piece of technology, nor is it a point product or service that you can just go out and buy.
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It's a security strategy that has three core principles.
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But before I come on to those, let me explain why organisations are increasingly moving on from the previous popular model of perimeter security.
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Firstly, there's this somewhat medieval notion
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that you have a perimeter to your network where you build the walls as high as possible
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and try and stop malicious actors at the gates.
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This no longer works because employees are working from home more than they're working from the office,
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and because hybrid cloud is now clearly the preeminent platform for enterprise infrastructure.
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So it's an increasingly complex problem to even define a perimeter.
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Secondly, the concept of trust is a very human one that we've taught computers to adapt to.
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For example, if I see Helen every day in the office wearing her employee badge, I trust that she's an employee and is there for the right reasons.
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In reality, I don't actually know that she wasn't let go last week for misconduct, and is now back in the office trying to steal corporate data.
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So a computer security model based on a human definition of trust is inherently flawed,
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particularly in a world where attackers are finding it easier than ever to steal credentials and disguise themselves as trustworthy.
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Without a zero trust security model, once an attacker is in the corporate network, they can move laterally to new systems with relative ease.
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This brings me on to the first defining principle of the Zero Trust model: Never trust Always verify.
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Just because somebody's on your corporate network and is carrying
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that badge with an employee name on it doesn't mean that they are who they say they are, or that they're necessarily well -intentioned.
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So this always verified piece refers to the fact that every time something like a user, device or application tries to make a new connection attempt,
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that attempt should be rigorously authenticated and authorised, and not simply trusted because it's coming from inside the corporate network, for example.
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Implement least privilege is the second core principle of a zero trust architecture, which says you should only grant users and applications the minimum amount of access
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that they need to perform their job effectively and no more.
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Privileged access management is a great way of implementing least privilege for admin users, for example.
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And then finally, assume breach.
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This is my favourite of the zero trust principles
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because it encourages teams to plan for the worst case scenario
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and build robust and tested incident response plans so that when attacks do occur, the time to respond is rapid and well practised.
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Not only this, but this principle encourages organisations to shrink the target
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and the impact zone of an attack through networking principles like micro -segmentation.
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So how can IBM security help?
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We recognize that different clients will have different business drivers and priorities for why they want to deploy Zero Trust.
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So we've created four actionable blueprints depending on where you want to start.
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They are Reduce the risk of insider threat.
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Secure the remote workforce.
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preserve customer privacy, and protect the hybrid cloud.
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You can download these with no form filling required from IBM .com.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau C1 s’appuie sur la vidéo « Zero Trust Explained in 4 mins ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : trust, zero, principle, security, network. Cette vidéo contient 40 phrases et 622 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 3:38. Le locuteur parle à un rythme naturel d’environ 171 mots par minute, proche d’une conversation courante. Seuls 81 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc exigeant.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| perimeter nom | /pɪˈɹɪm.ɪ.tə/ | périmètre |
| verify verbe | /ˈvɛɹɪfaɪ/ | vérifier |
| badge nom | /bæd͡ʒ/ | plaque, insigne |
| actionable adjectif | /ˈæk.ʃə.nə.bəl/ | concret |
| authenticate verbe | /ɔˈθɛn.tɪ.keɪt/ | authentifier |
| blueprint nom | /ˈbluːˌpɹɪnt/ | cyanotype |
| credential nom | /kɹɪˈdɛnʃəl/ | accréditation |
| implicit adjectif | /ɪmˈplɪsɪt/ | implicite, tacite |
| laterally adverbe | /ˈlæ.tə.ɹə.li/ | latéralement |
| preeminent adjectif | /priˈɛm ə nənt/ | prééminent |
| rigorously adverbe | rigoureusement | |
| segmentation nom | segmentation | |
| trustworthy adjectif | /ˈtɹʌst.wɜː.ði/ | de confiance, digne de confiance |
| practise verbe | /ˈpɹæktɪs/ | s'entrainer, pratiquer |
| inherently adverbe | /ɪnˈhɛɹəntli/ | intrinsèquement, inhéremment |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Sens |
|---|---|
| come on to verbe | draguer |
| go out verbe | sortir |
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant | we've taught · we've created |
| Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait | be delivered · wasn't let |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 10 contractions et formes réduites, comme they're, we've, doesn't. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « th »: authenticate /ɔˈθɛn.tɪ.keɪt/, trustworthy /ˈtɹʌst.wɜː.ði/
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: actionable /ˈæk.ʃə.nə.bəl/, credential /kɹɪˈdɛnʃəl/, malicious /məˈlɪʃəs/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: perimeter /pɪˈɹɪm.ɪ.tə/, actionable /ˈæk.ʃə.nə.bəl/, authenticate /ɔˈθɛn.tɪ.keɪt/, laterally /ˈlæ.tə.ɹə.li/, preeminent /priˈɛm ə nənt/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: perimeter /pɪˈɹɪm.ɪ.tə/, verify /ˈvɛɹɪfaɪ/, blueprint /ˈbluːˌpɹɪnt/, credential /kɹɪˈdɛnʃəl/, laterally /ˈlæ.tə.ɹə.li/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme perimeter, verify, badge.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.