Shadowing Practice: Basic Solar Components & How They Work - Solar Panels, Inverter, Batteries, & More Explained (Ep. 2) - Learn English Speaking with Video
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157 משפטים
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A solar power system is comprised of three main components.
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Technically, there is more, but we will get into that.
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In today's video, we wanna break down the three main components, give you a quick analogy and a demonstration to help you fully understand what those components are,
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how they function, and how they all work together to create a solar power system.
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So what is up, you guys?
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Welcome back to the lab.
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This is the second video in a very short little series playlist
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that we're putting together for you guys to help you understand the basics of solar.
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We want you guys to be able to understand the terms and concepts, as well as be able to appropriately and choose a system or power station that actually fits your needs.
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So let's get into it.
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First main component is a solar panel.
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Now this obviously is a very tiny solar panel
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but the solar panel's job is to capture the energy from the sun and turn it into a usable electricity.
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In most cases it's going to turn it into DC
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or direct current which we explained in the last video and solar panels are measured in watts.
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So this tiny guy right here for example is a 25 watt solar panel and all solar
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sort of cabling that comes off of the panel
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and has some fittings on it
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that you're able to then run to your battery bank
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or your inverter
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and solar panels even though they all look the same actually come in a ton of different shapes and sizes
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so like i said this is a 25 watt panel you
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can get 100 watt panels 200 watt panels 400 watt panels
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the end of the day they all do the exact same job
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and what you're trying to focus on is how many watts you are getting from the total amount of panels
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that you have the first and most important component on a solar power system is
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Second main component of a solar power system is your battery.
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So this, for example, is a 12 volt, 2 ,636 watt hour battery.
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All batteries are also measured in watt hours
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and they store the direct current that your solar panels have produced inside of them.
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Now you don't technically need batteries for a solar power system.
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You could be running a system where you're selling the energy back to the utility company,
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but in our opinion, systems without batteries just don't and size ratings.
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So this is a small little 12 volt, 2600 watt hour battery.
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Right here, these are bigger 48 volt, 5 ,000 watt hour batteries.
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These fit nicely into a system that they call a server rack, which is just how you stack them all up.
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These would take up more of a footprint on the floor.
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There's a ton of different options and sizes and voltages for batteries.
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But for the most part, you just need to be focused on what the capacity is.
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And once you find a kit that suits your needs, you can figure out different battery types if The final main component for a power system is your inverter.
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So inverters, again, come in all different shapes and sizes.
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This is what a more typical solar power inverter is gonna look like.
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And the inverter actually plays a role twice.
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We said initially that the solar panels produce DC current that comes down and gets stored in your batteries.
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Most of the time that current passes through your inverter
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and your inverter will have a built -in charge controller
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that monitors and makes sure that all the voltages and everything going into the batteries
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are stable so you don't blow stuff up.
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But the main point of your inverter is to take that DC power that has been stored in your batteries, take it into the inverter, switch it over to AC, which you can then use to power all of your stuff.
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And this is responsible for the conversion process.
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And again, this is more of like a traditional off -grid style one, but there's also things like this that you guys might see on a boat, or you might even have a tiny version of this that plugs into a 12 volt socket in your car,
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and you use it to charge your laptop on a road trip.
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And again, as you can see, clearly these are measured in watts, like everything else in a solar power system.
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And the main thing that you need to focus on when you're looking at inverters is the wattage.
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How much does it output, which how much stuff you can run off of it.
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And the solar input is also a key component to that.
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How much solar power can it actually allow into it and monitor to send to the batteries?
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And you might also be looking at a unit like this, which is a portable power station.
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This literally combines the battery and the inverter and makes it super easy and maneuverable to use.
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These offer a ton of value in different aspects.
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Like they have all the ports and plugs and everything already built right into the front of them.
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Most of them come with some sort of light,
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which is nice if you're and they almost all come somewhere with a solar power input.
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So you can still plug a solar panel directly into this.
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So everything that you're learning also applies to these smaller portable power stations, even the bigger portable power stations.
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But to make it all make sense, we're going to break it down into individual components
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because you can't actually see the inverter or the batteries inside of this thing.
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And so to give you guys just a quick visual of an actual system, this is just a simple solar power system
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that we have mounted up to hopefully help you guys understand just a little bit better.
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And you can see the main components right away.
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We have our inverter mounted up on the wall.
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We have our batteries sitting right here, we obviously need to get them inside of a proper rack and the solar panels are outside.
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So right here you guys can see behind the compressor, it's kind of awkward, you can see these cables coming in from outside.
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These are our solar power cables.
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They're bringing the wattage from on the roof down into the house.
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They run through this which is basically a safety switch.
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Now the power is running through these into the inverter.
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Now it's not so I can touch them and I won't get electrocuted.
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That runs up into the bottom of the inverter.
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The inverter processes the information.
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these cables this is just a glorified version of a bus
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bar sends it into the batteries right here where the power is then stored all
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that this is doing is giving us the ability to basically
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have multiple connections coming off of these batteries without having to
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have a bunch of different leads bolted on to the the
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battery terminals themselves it just keeps it a little bit cleaner
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you can see right here these are ac plugs they come out from the ac port on the inverter
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so this is a 3000 watt access to 3000 Watts of power right there.
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And when we're using those, it's just going to be pulling power back from these batteries through the cables up into the inverter, converting it to AC because up until this point,
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it's been DC power, converting it to AC and then spitting it out down here so we can charge drill batteries.
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That's all we've been doing so far.
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And like that, it's very, very simple.
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This inverter also has the option for AC in.
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So this is a cord that runs down over to here.
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And if I plug this guy right here into the wall, you end up putting 120 volts of power from the wall
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through this cable through the inverter it inverts it from AC to DC
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because now we're putting AC in
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and then it sends it over to the batteries for storage
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so an analogy
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that we like to use to make this make sense is
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literally just your bank account your bank account is like your battery bank your paycheck is like your solar input
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and your spending habits are like your inverter and
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so to put numbers to this say you had two thousand dollars in your bank account that's
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- Thank you or a $1 ,500 spending habit every two weeks, you know that for the next two weeks, you're gonna spend about 1 ,500 bucks.
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You're gonna have 500 left.
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And that's good news because every two weeks, your solar panels produce another $2 ,000 paycheck right into your bank account and you're good to go.
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And just like everybody's financial situation being completely different, everybody's solar kit could be completely different.
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You could have a tiny amount of solar, but you get paid every single day.
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Or you could have a massive solar array paycheck, but you live somewhere like we do where you might go three weeks in the winter without getting a paycheck at all.
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So what you need to make sure is that that battery bank
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or your checking account has enough money in it
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and your spending habits are good enough
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that you're always going to have enough money in your bank to go do whatever you want
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while you're waiting for that next paycheck to come from your solar panels.
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And like I said at the beginning, there is just a few extra components that are not necessarily main components
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but are worth noting because you're probably going to see them in other people's videos
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or in descriptions for kits or products is a charge controller.
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Now this is kind of becoming a little more obsolete as
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a lot of inverters like this one on the wall
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and the MPP one that I already showed you guys has a charge controller built directly into it.
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So the solar comes from the panels through the inverter to the batteries.
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You don't have to worry about it.
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But what this does here is it takes all of the wonky voltage that's coming out of your solar panels
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because as the sun comes in and out behind clouds your panels are producing more and less voltage.
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This takes it, smooths it all out, and sends it so that there's not gonna be any overloading or anything like that.
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You're not gonna blow your battery bank up.
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And that is his, main job.
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Like I said, most inverters nowadays have a solar charge controller built in, but if not, that is one extra component that you might be seeing.
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You also might be seeing something like this, which is a distributor or even a bigger version like this Lynx distributor right here.
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You may also know this as a bus bar.
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And what this does is it basically just makes it so
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that you don't have to have a bunch of connections on your batteries.
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So what you can do with a bus bar like this
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is you can run positive wire from your battery to one post, they're all on the same piece of metal right here, gives power to all of these posts.
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So you could have your battery coming in, and then you could have from this post going out to your inverter, from this post goes to another inverter, and from this post goes to your charge controller.
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So they all get power, and it's all very clean and easy to understand, and you could just take one off at a time, something like that.
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Similarly to how if you look at this system right here, there's some open spaces because we don't have it completely jammed up, but if we wanted to expand that system,
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we can do so without having to add a bunch of connections directly to the terminal on the battery.
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You also might see a PV array isolator, and basically what that is, is just a switch.
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We have one right here.
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and that switch has your solar coming in from the roof
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and then it runs over to your inverter and
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that switch basically just disconnects those wires
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which makes it safe to work on your system so
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if i was actually going to do any kind of servicing
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or rewiring of this inverter behind me i would just kill the switch
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which disconnects the power and now any live power that's coming from the panels on my roof
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which are producing voltage in the sun isn't going to the rest of the wiring
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and it's safe for me to touch it and change it
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and do all that kind of stuff and so that is it that is the
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of a solar power system and how all the components work together.
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I hope this video made sense and I hope it helped some of you guys.
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If it did, make sure you share it with some friends
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and help some more people understand some technology that can actually help to better all of our lives.
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Otherwise, I will catch you guys in the next one.
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Thank you guys so much for watching.
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Peace out and stay charged.
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אוצר מילים והערות הגייה לשיעור הזה
שיעור הדיבור הזה ברמה B2 מבוסס על הסרטון “Basic Solar Components & How They Work - Solar Panels, Inverter, Batteries, & More Explained”. המילים שחוזרות הכי הרבה: solar, inverter, panel, batteries, watt. בסרטון הזה יש 157 משפטים ו-2219 מילים לתרגול Shadowing. הדיבור נמשך 10:19. הדובר מדבר מהר, כ-215 מילים בדקה, אז צפו לצלילים מחוברים ומקוצרים. 85% מהמילים נמצאות בין 3,000 המילים הנפוצות ביותר באנגלית; כדאי ללמוד את השאר לפני שמתחילים.
אוצר מילים מרכזי בסרטון הזה
15 המילים המתקדמות ביותר בסרטון, עם ההגייה והמשמעות שלהן:
| מילה | הגייה | משמעות |
|---|---|---|
| watt שם עצם | /wɑt/ | וָאט |
| volt שם עצם | /vəʊlt/ | ווֹלְט |
| voltage שם עצם | /ˈvəʊltɪd͡ʒ/ | מֶתַח, ווֹלטָג׳ |
| plug שם עצם | /plʌɡ/ | תֶּקַע |
| disconnect פועל | /dɪskəˈnɛkt/ | ניתק |
| technically תואר הפועל | /ˈtɛk.nɪˌkəl.i/ | טכנית |
| convert פועל | /kənˈvɝt/ | המיר |
| compressor שם עצם | /kəmˈpɹɛ.sə(ɹ)/ | מדחס |
| electrocute פועל | /ɪˈlɛktɹəkjuːt/ | חישמל למוות |
| invert פועל | /ɪnˈvɜɹt/ | הָפַך |
| socket שם עצם | /ˈsɑkɪt/ | שֶׁקַע |
| footprint שם עצם | /ˈfʊtpɹɪnt/ | עָקֵב, טְבִיעַת רֶגֶל |
| playlist שם עצם | /ˈpleɪˌlɪst/ | רְשִׁימַת הַשְׁמָעָה |
| comprise פועל | /kəmˈpɹaɪz/ | כלל |
| obsolete שם תואר | /ˈɑbsəlit/ | מיושן |
Phrasal verbs שתשמעו
| מילה | משמעות |
|---|---|
| figure out פועל | הֵבִין, מצא תשובה |
משפטים שכדאי לחזור עליהם
משפטים קצרים ושלמים מהסרטון שאפשר להשתמש בהם בשיחה יומיומית:
- That's all we've been doing so far.
- You don't have to worry about it.
- You're not gonna blow your battery bank up.
דקדוק בסרטון הזה
המבנים שהדובר משתמש בהם הכי הרבה, עם המילים המדויקות מהסרטון:
| מבנה | בסרטון |
|---|---|
| סביל (Passive voice) be + past participle — הדגש הוא על מה שקורה, לא על מי שעושה את הפעולה | is comprised · are measured · are also measured |
| הווה מושלם (Present perfect) have/has + past participle — פעולה שקרתה בעבר ועדיין יש לה חשיבות או השפעה עכשיו | have produced · has been stored · have mounted |
| משפטי זיקה (Relative clauses) who / which + clause — מידע נוסף על אדם או דבר | rack, which is · this, which is · this which is |
הגייה ששווה לשים לב אליה
הדובר משתמש ב-35 קיצורים וצורות מקוצרות, כמו you're, don't, gonna. אמרו אותם בצורה הקצרה, כפי שאתם שומעים אותם.
- מילים ארוכות — שימו לב להטעמה: analogy /əˈnæləd͡ʒi/, technically /ˈtɛk.nɪˌkəl.i/, electrocute /ɪˈlɛktɹəkjuːt/, maneuverable /məˈnuːvəɹəbəl/, demonstration /dɛmənˈstɹeɪʃən/
צלילים שדוברי עברית מתקשים בהם:
- /w/ — שפתיים מעוגלות, לא /v/: watt /wɑt/, wattage /ˈwɒtɪd͡ʒ/
- /æ/ — פתוח יותר מה-“אֶ” העברית, לא כמו “a” ב-“cup”: analogy /əˈnæləd͡ʒi/, rack /ɹæk/, stack /stæk/, jam /ˈd͡ʒæm/
- /r/ — הלשון לא נוגעת בשום מקום, לא ה-“ר” הגרונית: controller /kənˈtɹoʊlɚ/, portable /ˈpɔɹtəbəl/, rack /ɹæk/, array /əˈɹeɪ/, compressor /kəmˈpɹɛ.sə(ɹ)/
איך לתרגל עם הסרטון הזה
- הקשיבו לכל הסרטון פעם אחת בלי לדבר, ורשמו את המילים שאתם לא מכירים.
- התחילו במהירות 0.75×, תרגלו Shadowing משפט אחר משפט, וחזרו למהירות רגילה כשזה מרגיש קל.
- הקליטו את עצמכם והשוו למקור, תוך תשומת לב למילים כמו watt, volt, voltage.
מהי טכניקת השאדואינג?
שאדואינג היא טכניקת למידת שפה מבוססת מדע שפותחה במקור להכשרת מתורגמנים מקצועיים ופופולרית על ידי הפוליגלוט ד"ר אלכסנדר ארגואלס. השיטה פשוטה אך עוצמתית: אתה מקשיב לאודיו באנגלית ילידית וחוזר עליו בקול רם מיד — כמו צל העוקב אחרי הדובר עם עיכוב של 1–2 שניות בלבד. בניגוד להאזנה פסיבית או תרגילי דקדוק, שאדואינג מכריח את המוח והשרירים בפה לעבד ולשחזר דפוסי דיבור אמיתיים בו זמנית. מחקרים מראים שזה משפר משמעותית את דיוק ההגייה, האינטונציה, הקצב, הדיבור המחובר, הבנת השמיעה ושטף הדיבור — מה שהופך אותו לאחת השיטות היעילות ביותר להכנה לIELTS Speaking ולתקשורת באנגלית בעולם האמיתי.