Shadowing Practice: Every Major Image Format Explained in 8 Minutes - Learn English Speaking with Video

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JPEG.

JPEG or JPG is the most widely used image format in the world, and it's the default format your phone camera saves photos in.

And as so you know, JPEG and JPG are actually the exact same thing.

The reason you sometimes see JPG instead of JPEG is because older Windows systems could only handle three -letter file extensions.

Therefore, the letter E was excluded.

Anyway, back before jpeg existed image files were so massive that sending

or storing photos was a nightmare especially with the slow limited

storage of early computers that's why jpeg was created using lossy compression

that permanently throws away some of the image data your eyes

barely notice anyway just to shrink the file size down this is great for storage

and sharing since a jpeg can be a fraction of the size of the original image

but because jpeg throws away data permanently it's not ideal for editing

or zooming in since it becomes pixelated or blurry the moment you scale it up too much.

That's because JPEG is a raster image, and in case you don't know, image files actually come in two major types, raster and vector.

Raster images, like JPEG, are built out of a fixed grid of pixels, which means they lose quality and look blocky the moment you zoom in too far.

Vector images, on the other hand, are built from lines and curves defined by math instead of pixels

so they stay perfectly sharp no matter how big you scale them up

which is why logos and icons are often made as vector files instead also saving

and resaving a jpeg multiple times like after repeated edits keeps degrading the quality a little more each time

but despite that jpeg remains the go -to for photographers social media

and basically anyone who just needs a decent looking photo without

the file size ballooning png png short for portable network graphics

was created to fix the one thing jpeg could never do

well keeping an image perfectly sharp without losing quality no matter how many times you save it

so unlike jpeg's lossy compression png uses lossless compression instead

which means it shrinks the file size without throwing away any of the original data.

And on top of that, PNG also supports transparency, which lets you make part of an image completely invisible, which is why logos, icons,

and layered designs are almost always saved as PNG.

But because PNG doesn't throw anything away, the file sizes end up much bigger than a JPEG of the same image, especially for photos with a lot of detail and color variation.

That's why PNG isn't really used for photography, but it's still the standard for screenshots, graphics and anything

that needs a transparent background gif gif short for graphics interchange

format is the format everyone recognizes for short looping animations

and it's used everywhere from memes to reaction clips

so the way gif pulls off animation is by storing multiple image frames inside one single file

and then displaying them one after another in a loop

but despite being

so widely used gif has one major limitation it can only

display 256 colors at once this is why gifs often look grainy

or slightly off color compared to the original video they were

made from since a lot of color detail simply gets lost

in the process webp webp is a format created by google specifically to make websites load faster

and it's slowly replacing both jpeg and png on modern sites.

So the way WebP achieves this is by combining JPEG's small file size with PNG's transparency support, all in one format.

This means a website can use a single format for both photos and transparent graphics instead of juggling two different ones.

And because WebP compresses more efficiently than JPEG, images can be up to 30 % smaller at a similar quality level,

which is a big deal for how fast a page loads on your phone.

But despite all these advantages, Not every app, program, or older device fully supports WebP yet,

which is why some people still convert WebP images back to JPEG

or PNG just to make sure they'll open everywhere without issues.

TIFF.

TIFF, or T -I -F, short for Tagged Image File Format, is a format built specifically for professionals in printing,

publishing, and photography who need the absolute highest image quality possible.

So just like PNG, TIFF supports lossless compression, but it goes even further by supporting multiple layers,

high color depth, and even multiple pages inside a single file.

This is why TIFF is the standard format for scanned documents and print -ready photography, since printing companies need every tiny detail preserved with zero compression artifacts.

But remember, because it stores so much data, TIFF files can get enormous, sometimes hundreds of megabytes for just one high -resolution image.

And not only that, TIFF also isn't well supported by web browsers, so you'll basically never see a TIFF file used on a website.

That's why, despite being the gold standard for print quality, Most people convert their TIFF files to JPEG or PNG the moment they need to share them online.

The BMP or Bitmap is one of the oldest image formats still around, and it's been built into Windows since the very early days of the operating system.

So the way BMP works is it stores every single pixel's color information directly with basically no compression at all.

This is why BMP images look perfectly sharp with zero quality loss, but it also means the file sizes are massive,

sometimes several times bigger than the exact same image saved as a JPEG or PNG.

Because of this, BMP isn't really practical for sharing images online or storing large photo libraries,

but it's still occasionally used in situations where speed matters more than file size, like certain image processing software,

since the computer doesn't have to spend time decompressing anything before it can read the pixels.

Other than that, though, most people today have basically no reason to use BMP anymore.

H -E -I -F and H -E -I -C.

H -E -I -C, short for High Efficiency Image Container, is the format Apple made the default for photos on iPhones.

So the reason Apple switched to this was because JPEG, despite being everywhere, hadn't really improved in decades, while phone cameras were producing bigger and bigger photos every year.

H -E -I -C solves this by using a much more advanced compression method the same one used in video

which lets it store a photo at roughly half the file

size of a jpeg with basically the same quality not only

that hiec can also store multiple images

or a live photos motion frames inside a single file but

because it's still fairly new outside the apple ecosystem heic isn't well supported on windows

or many websites avif avif is the newest image format on this list

and it's built on the same av1 video technology

that platforms like youtube use to stream video more efficiently

so just like heic avif can compress images down to a fraction of a jpeg size

while keeping the same visual quality but the difference is avif is completely open

and royalty free

which means any company can use it without paying licensing fees

this is why avif is quickly becoming the preferred format for major websites since smaller images mean faster loading pages.

However, encoding and decoding AVIF images takes more processing power compared to older formats,

and just like HEIC, not every app or image viewer supports it yet, so you'll sometimes run into an AVIF file that simply won't open.

But as more browsers and devices catch up, AVIF is expected to slowly become the standard, especially for the web.

Oh yeah, JFIF, which stands for jpeg file interchange format isn't really a separate

image format on its own it's more like a wrapper

that defines exactly how a jpeg file should be structured

so the way this works is jfif locks down details

that regular jpeg left undefined like resolution aspect ratio and color space

so a jpeg saved on one program looks the same

when it's opened on a completely different device this is why

technically almost every jpg file you've ever opened is actually a jfif file underneath you might have noticed this yourself

if you've ever right clicked

and saved an image from chrome since sometimes it saves as .jff instead of .jpg

because chrome is technically labeling the file by what's actually inside it

but despite being the exact same compression jfif can cause small compatibility headaches since some upload forms

or older programs only look for a .jpg or .jpeg extension and reject a .jfif file even though it's identical data.

100

So yeah, if that happens, you can literally just rename the extension and it'll work fine.

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אוצר מילים והערות הגייה לשיעור הזה

שיעור הדיבור הזה ברמה B2 מבוסס על הסרטון “Every Major Image Format Explained in 8 Minutes”. המילים שחוזרות הכי הרבה: image, jpeg, file, format, png. בסרטון הזה יש 100 משפטים ו-1489 מילים לתרגול Shadowing. הדיבור נמשך 8:48. הדובר מדבר בקצב טבעי של כ-169 מילים בדקה, קרוב לשיחה יומיומית. רק 76% מהמילים נמצאות בין 3,000 המילים הנפוצות ביותר באנגלית, כך שאוצר המילים מאתגר.

אוצר מילים מרכזי בסרטון הזה

15 המילים המתקדמות ביותר בסרטון, עם ההגייה והמשמעות שלהן:

מילה	הגייה	משמעות
pixel שם עצם	/ˈpɪk.səl/	פִּיקְסֶל, פִּיקְסֶלִים
vector שם עצם	/ˈvɛktɚ/	וקטור
interchange שם עצם	/ˈɪntɚt͡ʃeɪnd͡ʒ/	מֶחְלָף
transparency שם עצם	/tɹænsˈpæɹənsi/	שְׁקִיפוּת
fraction שם עצם	/ˈfɹæk.ʃən/	חלק
transparent שם תואר	/tɹænsˈpæɹənt/	שָׁקוּף
technically תואר הפועל	/ˈtɛk.nɪˌkəl.i/	טכנית
convert פועל	/kənˈvɝt/	המיר
icon שם עצם	/ˈaɪ.kɑn/	אִיקוֹנִין
animation שם עצם	/ˌæn.ɪˈmeɪ.ʃən/	הַנְפָּשָׁה
blurry שם תואר	/ˈblɜːɹi/	מטושטש
juggling שם עצם	/ˈd͡ʒʌɡəlɪŋ/	לַהֲטוּטָנוּת
megabyte שם עצם	/ˈmɛɡəˌbaɪt/	מגה־בית
pixelate פועל	/ˈpɪksəleɪt/	פִּקְסֵל
compatibility שם עצם	/kəmˌpætəˈbɪlɪti/	תאימות

Phrasal verbs שתשמעו

מילה	משמעות
throw away פועל	הִשְׁלִיךְ

דקדוק בסרטון הזה

המבנים שהדובר משתמש בהם הכי הרבה, עם המילים המדויקות מהסרטון:

מבנה	בסרטון
סביל (Passive voice) be + past participle — הדגש הוא על מה שקורה, לא על מי שעושה את הפעולה	was excluded · was created · are built
משפטי זיקה (Relative clauses) who / which + clause — מידע נוסף על אדם או דבר	pixels, which means · anyone who just · invisible, which is
הווה מושלם (Present perfect) have/has + past participle — פעולה שקרתה בעבר ועדיין יש לה חשיבות או השפעה עכשיו	it's been built · you've ever opened

הגייה ששווה לשים לב אליה

הדובר משתמש ב-16 קיצורים וצורות מקוצרות, כמו isn't, doesn't, you'll. אמרו אותם בצורה הקצרה, כפי שאתם שומעים אותם.

הצלילים של “th”: underneath /ˌʌndɚˈniθ/, mathematics /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/
הצלילים של “sh” ו-“zh”: compression /kəmˈpɹɛʃ.ən/, fraction /ˈfɹæk.ʃən/, animation /ˌæn.ɪˈmeɪ.ʃən/, limitation /lɪmɪˈteɪʃən/, screenshot /ˈskriːn.ʃɑt/
מילים ארוכות — שימו לב להטעמה: transparency /tɹænsˈpæɹənsi/, permanently /ˈpɜː.mə.nənt.li/, technically /ˈtɛk.nɪˌkəl.i/, animation /ˌæn.ɪˈmeɪ.ʃən/, compatibility /kəmˌpætəˈbɪlɪti/

צלילים שדוברי עברית מתקשים בהם:

/æ/ — פתוח יותר מה-“אֶ” העברית, לא כמו “a” ב-“cup”: graphics /ˈɡɹæfɪks/, raster /ˈɹæstɚ/, transparency /tɹænsˈpæɹənsi/, fraction /ˈfɹæk.ʃən/, transparent /tɹænsˈpæɹənt/
/r/ — הלשון לא נוגעת בשום מקום, לא ה-“ר” הגרונית: compression /kəmˈpɹɛʃ.ən/, graphics /ˈɡɹæfɪks/, raster /ˈɹæstɚ/, compress /ˈkɑmpɹɛs/, browser /ˈbɹaʊ.zəɹ/
עיצור קולי בסוף מילה — /b/, /d/, /g/, /z/, /v/ בלי להפוך אותם לאטומים: interchange /ˈɪntɚt͡ʃeɪnd͡ʒ/, decode /dɪˈkəʊd/, degrade /dɪˈɡɹeɪd/, encode /ɪnˈkoʊd/, exclude /ɪksˈkluːd/

איך לתרגל עם הסרטון הזה

הקשיבו לכל הסרטון פעם אחת בלי לדבר, ורשמו את המילים שאתם לא מכירים.
התחילו במהירות 0.75×, תרגלו Shadowing משפט אחר משפט, וחזרו למהירות רגילה כשזה מרגיש קל.
הקליטו את עצמכם והשוו למקור, תוך תשומת לב למילים כמו pixel, vector, interchange.

מהי טכניקת השאדואינג?

שאדואינג היא טכניקת למידת שפה מבוססת מדע שפותחה במקור להכשרת מתורגמנים מקצועיים ופופולרית על ידי הפוליגלוט ד"ר אלכסנדר ארגואלס. השיטה פשוטה אך עוצמתית: אתה מקשיב לאודיו באנגלית ילידית וחוזר עליו בקול רם מיד — כמו צל העוקב אחרי הדובר עם עיכוב של 1–2 שניות בלבד. בניגוד להאזנה פסיבית או תרגילי דקדוק, שאדואינג מכריח את המוח והשרירים בפה לעבד ולשחזר דפוסי דיבור אמיתיים בו זמנית. מחקרים מראים שזה משפר משמעותית את דיוק ההגייה, האינטונציה, הקצב, הדיבור המחובר, הבנת השמיעה ושטף הדיבור — מה שהופך אותו לאחת השיטות היעילות ביותר להכנה לIELTS Speaking ולתקשורת באנגלית בעולם האמיתי.

טכניקת Shadowing: קרא את המדריך המלא שלב אחר שלב →

Shadowing Practice: Every Major Image Format Explained in 8 Minutes - Learn English Speaking with Video

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