Shadowing Practice: The Semiconductor Production Process Explained Clearly - Learn English Speaking with Video
בחר מצב תרגול
כל מצב פותח חדר תרגול במסך מלא.
20 משפטים
אם המשפטים קצרים או ארוכים מדי, לחץ על ערוך כדי להתאים אותם.
1
Humble sand.
2
This is what the building blocks of the future are made of.
3
But making them is a long process compromising a great many steps.
4
First, the silicon dioxide in the sand has to be converted into pure silicon.
5
After that, it is cut into wafer -thin disks.
6
In Dresden, these raw wafers are 300 millimeters in diameter and less than a millimeter thick.
7
In our clean room, up to 35 ,000 chips are then made from each of these disks.
8
In numerous process stages, the wafers are given their characteristic surface structure.
9
After coating with a photoresist layer, the wafer surface is exposed, developed, and etched.
10
This results in the desired conductor structure.
11
Such structures are hundreds of times finer than a human hair.
12
Dopants are then implanted in the material to increase the electrical connectivity of parts of the semiconductor. In subsequent phases,
13
this and other process steps are repeated until the entire layout of the chip has been deposited on the wafer.
14
This involves heating the wafer to more than 1 ,100 degrees Celsius, in some cases up to 27 times.
15
Up to 200 measurements are done, and up to 26 exposures.
16
All in all, this can mean as many as 700 processing steps and 14 weeks processing time.
17
Once this is completed, the microchip is assembled from as many as 30 such layers, like a mini skyscraper.
18
Each layer has its own function.
19
Interconnecting them makes the microchip highly complex.
20
Semiconductor chips, the building blocks of our future.
הורד אפליקציה
כל מה שאתה צריך כדי לדבר בשטף
הגיית AIציון לכל משפט
תרגול IPAשלוט בכל צליל
אוצר מיליםבנה את מאגר המילים שלך
משחק אוצר מיליםלמד תוך כדי משחק
FOR YOU
המלץ על סרטון
C11
193 משפטים
Semiconductors explained in 16 mins | Chris Miller
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
56 משפטים
MinuteCement - LC3
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
113 משפטים
Architectural Design Process Explained
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C1125 משפטים
Formulation and Chemistry behind an Eyebrow Gel product #cosmeticFormulation
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
19 משפטים
I Made an EMP Device... It Actually Works
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
12 משפטים
Plastic Injection Molding
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
282 משפטים
什麼是屏蔽罩(shielding can)？工程師對屏蔽罩的愛恨情仇
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
283 משפטים
Why Memory Prices Are Crazy High
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
72 משפטים
PCB 101 Academy - Learn how printed circuit boards are assembled
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C11
65 משפטים
How do microSD Cards Store 2 TB in such a TINY space?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
40 משפטים
The Engineering that Runs the Digital World 🛠️⚙️💻 How do CPUs Work?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
41 משפטים
Making a 360° Controller Smaller than a Penny!
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Vocabulary and speaking notes for this lesson
This video has 20 sentences and 242 words to shadow. The speech runs for 1:59. The speaker talks at a steady 122 words per minute, a comfortable pace for shadowing. Only 71% of the words are among the 3,000 most common in English, so the vocabulary is demanding.
Key vocabulary in this video
15 words from the video worth learning, with pronunciation and meaning:
| Word | Pronunciation | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| layer noun | /ˈleɪ̯ɚ/ | A single thickness of some material covering a surface. |
| chip noun | /t͡ʃɪp/ | A small piece broken from a larger piece of solid material. |
| sand noun | /sænd/ | Rock that is ground more finely than gravel, but is not as fine as silt (more formally, see grain sizes chart), forming beaches and deserts and also used in… |
| disk noun | /dɪsk/ | A thin, flat, circular plate or similar object. |
| silicon noun | /ˈsɪləˌkɑn/ | A nonmetallic element (symbol Si) with an atomic number of 14 and atomic weight of 28.0855. |
| semiconductor noun | /ˌsɛmikənˈdʌktə/ | A substance with electrical properties intermediate between a good conductor and a good insulator. |
| thin adjective | /ˈθɪn/ | Having little thickness or extent from one surface to its opposite. |
| thick adjective | /θɪk/ | Relatively great in extent from one surface to the opposite in its smallest solid dimension. |
| exposure noun | /ɪkˈspəʊ.ʒə(ɹ)/ | The condition of being exposed, uncovered, or unprotected. |
| mini adjective | /ˈmɪn.i/ | Miniature, tiny, small. |
| electrical adjective | /ɪˈlɛktɹɪkəl/ | Related to electricity (or electronics) |
| subsequent adjective | /ˈsʌbsɪkwənt/ | Following in time; coming or being after something else at any time, indefinitely. |
| coat noun | /ˈkoʊ̯t/ | An outer garment covering the upper torso and arms. |
| involve verb | /ɪnˈvɑlv/ | To have (something) as a component or a related part; to comprise, to include. |
| deposit noun | /dɪˈpɑ.zɪt/ | Sediment or rock that is not native to its present location or is different from the surrounding material. Sometimes refers to ore or gems. |
Pronunciation to watch
- The “th” sounds: thin /ˈθɪn/, thick /θɪk/
- The “sh” and “zh” sounds: exposure /ɪkˈspəʊ.ʒə(ɹ)/, measurement /ˈmɛʒ.ə.mənt/
- Long words — get the stress right: semiconductor /ˌsɛmikənˈdʌktə/, electrical /ɪˈlɛktɹɪkəl/, diameter /daɪˈæmɪdɚ/, characteristic /ˌkæɹ(ə)ktəˈɹɪstɪk/, interconnect /ˌɪn.tə.kəˈnɛkt/
How to practise with this video
- Listen to the whole video once without speaking and note the words you do not know.
- Shadow it sentence by sentence at normal speed, repeating each one until your rhythm matches the speaker.
- Record yourself and compare with the original, paying attention to words like layer, chip, sand.
מהי טכניקת השאדואינג?
שאדואינג היא טכניקת למידת שפה מבוססת מדע שפותחה במקור להכשרת מתורגמנים מקצועיים ופופולרית על ידי הפוליגלוט ד"ר אלכסנדר ארגואלס. השיטה פשוטה אך עוצמתית: אתה מקשיב לאודיו באנגלית ילידית וחוזר עליו בקול רם מיד — כמו צל העוקב אחרי הדובר עם עיכוב של 1–2 שניות בלבד. בניגוד להאזנה פסיבית או תרגילי דקדוק, שאדואינג מכריח את המוח והשרירים בפה לעבד ולשחזר דפוסי דיבור אמיתיים בו זמנית. מחקרים מראים שזה משפר משמעותית את דיוק ההגייה, האינטונציה, הקצב, הדיבור המחובר, הבנת השמיעה ושטף הדיבור — מה שהופך אותו לאחת השיטות היעילות ביותר להכנה לIELTS Speaking ולתקשורת באנגלית בעולם האמיתי.