शैडोइंग अभ्यास: How do cigarettes affect the body? - Krishna Sudhir - YouTube के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें

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Cigarettes aren’t good for us.

⏸ रुका हुआ

गति:

दोहराने की संख्या:

प्रतीक्षा मोड:

सब सिंक:0ms

सभी वाक्य

41 वाक्य

Cigarettes aren’t good for us.

0:06.90 – 0:09.22 (2.3s)

That’s hardly news--we’ve known about the dangers of smoking for decades.

0:09.22 – 0:13.86 (4.6s)

But how exactly do cigarettes harm us?

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Let’s look at what happens as their ingredients make their way through our bodies, and how we benefit physically when we finally give up smoking.

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With each inhalation, smoke brings its more than 5,000 chemical substances into contact with the body’s tissues.

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From the start, tar, a black, resinous material, begins to coat the teeth and gums, damaging tooth enamel, and eventually causing decay.

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Over time, smoke also damages nerve-endings in the nose, causing loss of smell.

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Inside the airways and lungs, smoke increases the likelihood of infections, as well as chronic diseases like bronchitis and emphysema.

0:50.01 – 0:59.28 (9.3s)

It does this by damaging the cilia, tiny hairlike structures whose job it is to keep the airways clean.

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It then fills the alveoli, tiny air sacs that enable the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and blood.

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A toxic gas called carbon monoxide crosses that membrane into the blood, binding to hemoglobin and displacing the oxygen it would usually have transported around the body.

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That’s one of the reasons smoking can lead to oxygen deprivation and shortness of breath.

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Within about 10 seconds, the bloodstream carries a stimulant called nicotine to the brain, triggering the release of dopamine and other neurotransmitters including endorphins that create the pleasurable sensations which make smoking highly addictive.

1:32.95 – 1:47.68 (14.7s)

Nicotine and other chemicals from the cigarette simultaneously cause constriction of blood vessels and damage their delicate endothelial lining, restricting blood flow.

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These vascular effects lead to thickening of blood vessel walls and enhance blood platelet stickiness, increasing the likelihood that clots will form and trigger heart attacks and strokes.

1:57.67 – 2:08.93 (11.3s)

Many of the chemicals inside cigarettes can trigger dangerous mutations in the body’s DNA that make cancers form.

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Additionally, ingredients like arsenic and nickel may disrupt the process of DNA repair, thus compromising the body’s ability to fight many cancers.

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In fact, about one of every three cancer deaths in the United States is caused by smoking.

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And it’s not just lung cancer.

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Smoking can cause cancer in multiple tissues and organs, as well as damaged eyesight and weakened bones.

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It makes it harder for women to get pregnant.

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And in men, it can cause erectile dysfunction.

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But for those who quit smoking, there’s a huge positive upside with almost immediate and long-lasting physical benefits.

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Just 20 minutes after a smoker’s final cigarette, their heart rate and blood pressure begin to return to normal.

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After 12 hours, carbon monoxide levels stabilize, increasing the blood’s oxygen-carrying capacity.

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A day after ceasing, heart attack risk begins to decrease as blood pressure and heart rates normalize.

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After two days, the nerve endings responsible for smell and taste start to recover.

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Lungs become healthier after about one month, with less coughing and shortness of breath.

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The delicate hair-like cilia in the airways and lungs start recovering within weeks, and are restored after 9 months, improving resistance to infection.

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By the one-year anniversary of quitting, heart disease risk plummets to half as blood vessel function improves.

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Five years in, the chance of a clot forming dramatically declines, and the risk of stroke continues to reduce.

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After ten years, the chances of developing fatal lung cancer go down by 50%, probably because the body’s ability to repair DNA is once again restored.

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Fifteen years in, the likelihood of developing coronary heart disease is essentially the same as that of a non-smoker.

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There’s no point pretending this is all easy to achieve.

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Quitting can lead to anxiety and depression, resulting from nicotine withdrawal.

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But fortunately, such effects are usually temporary.

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And quitting is getting easier, thanks to a growing arsenal of tools.

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Nicotine replacement therapy through gum, skin patches, lozenges, and sprays may help wean smokers off cigarettes.

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They work by stimulating nicotine receptors in the brain and thus preventing withdrawal symptoms, without the addition of other harmful chemicals.

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Counselling and support groups, cognitive behavioral therapy, and moderate intensity exercise also help smokers stay cigarette-free.

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That’s good news, since quitting puts you and your body on the path back to health.

4:50.06 – 4:56.26 (6.2s)

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शैडोइंग अभ्यास: How do cigarettes affect the body? - Krishna Sudhir - YouTube के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें

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