शैडोइंग अभ्यास: VOL 10 TEST 1 AUDIO - वीडियो के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें
पाठ बनाया जा रहा है...
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7 3 8 8.
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You will hear a number of different recordings and you will have to answer questions on what you hear.
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There will be time for you to read the instructions and questions and you will have a chance to check your work.
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All the recordings will be played once only.
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The test is in four parts.
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Write all your answers in the listening question booklet.
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At the end of the test, you will be given 10 minutes to transfer your answers to an answer sheet.
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Now turn to Part 1 on page 2 of your question booklet.
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Part 1.
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You will hear a phone conversation between a team leader at a music festival and a volunteer.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 1 to 6.
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Thank you.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 1 to 6.
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Good afternoon, Mountain Festival.
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Hi, my name is Angie, and I'm helping out this weekend at the festival.
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May I speak with the team leader?
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That's me.
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I'm Jack.
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Jack, I'm looking for some general information.
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It's my first time volunteering at the festival, and I'm not sure what to expect.
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No need to be worried.
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We've been doing this for over 30 years.
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So, the festival doesn't start until Friday afternoon.
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I was thinking I'd come in the morning.
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Is that okay?
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Oh, yeah.
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We definitely need you then.
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Didn't the volunteer letter tell you that?
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Oh, I forgot.
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Okay.
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And are there any specific things I need to bring for the weekend?
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Well, let's see.
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It's going to be hot.
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We suggest you bring a hat for sure, because the open area doesn't have much shade.
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I remember last year everyone needed their umbrellas, but I don't think we'll have any rain this time.
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Okay.
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Anything else?
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There are lots of craft vendors and food booths, too.
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You may want to have some cash handy, because most of them don't take credit cards.
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Thanks for the tip.
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By the way, what are the parking arrangements for volunteers?
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I don't have a car.
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I'll be riding my bike to the festival.
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Is there a special place to leave it?
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I don't want to worry about it all weekend.
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Sure we do.
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There's parking for volunteers at the south end of the site, and there's no need to worry about security.
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It'll be very safe there.
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Sounds like a lot of people get there that way.
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They do.
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But if you don't want to get there that way, we have a bus that picks people up at certain points in the city.
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There's no charge for that.
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Sounds like the organizers have thought of everything.
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I hope so.
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But remember to go to Gate A when you get here.
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They'll give you a pass that you must carry at all times.
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This lets everyone know that you're a volunteer here.
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Before you hear the rest of the conversation, you have some time to look at questions 7 to 10.
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Now listen and answer questions 7 to 10.
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So, Angie, are you helping out all weekend?
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Yes, I am.
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Aha, the whole weekend.
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So are you going to sleep here?
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We have accommodation here for volunteers because the local hotels are all booked up early.
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Really?
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Well, we set up tents.
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They fit 8 to 10 people, so you'll have lots of fun and meet some new friends.
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That sounds great.
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You just have to bring your own bedding.
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Oh, yes, we've really good facilities for a hot shower, so don't forget a towel.
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But we do provide soap and shampoo.
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Okay.
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And now, about my duties as a volunteer.
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My confirmation letter says I'm helping in the canteen with some other volunteers who don't have much experience.
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Does that mean I'm washing dishes all weekend?
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Yep, that's right, because our experienced volunteers wait on tables.
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You can eat in the canteen yourself, or you'll have time to visit the food vendors for meals.
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You'll be given a ticket, so you don't have to pay.
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Wow, lots to remember.
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It's the largest festival in the province, and there are lots of volunteers.
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So it's better to be prepared.
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Oh, I agree.
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Okay, is there anything else I need to know before the weekend?
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Oh, yeah.
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One more thing.
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There's a document that needs to be signed by all our volunteers.
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You should have already been sent it.
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We need the name of who your contact is in the case of an emergency.
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Okay, I'll do that.
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If you run into any minor health problems over the weekend, there's a first aid area open 24 hours.
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They'll help if they can.
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They'll have a lot of water on hand because it's going to be so hot.
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Right.
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Thanks for all your help.
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I can't wait for the weekend.
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It should be a lot of fun.
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You're welcome, and enjoy.
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That is the end of Part 1.
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You now have one minute to check your answers to part one.
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Part 2 You'll hear a podcast about a North American company called Bay Life,
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which organizes boat trips to see marine wildlife.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 11 to 15.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 11 to 15.
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In terms of popularity, Baylife is the number one boat tour company in the area.
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Baylife trips are different than other trips organized to observe marine life.
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There are other companies which run more boats.
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We just run two, but ours are the only ones
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which are accompanied by marine biologists who have the knowledge to run quality trips.
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We have long experience of organizing these trips to observe marine life, including whales and dolphins.
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We want to give you as much opportunity for viewing marine life as possible, so all our trips are at least three hours in length,
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while some even last up to five hours.
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However, we do not guarantee that you will see all the species that frequent the bay in just one trip.
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The sea is the home of the creatures which inhabit it, not of humans We explore only limited parts of the bay,
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and we are careful not to disturb the animals by tracking them too aggressively Bay life's special dolphin trips are extremely popular,
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especially with children Unlike whales, which pass through the bay only at certain times of the year, dolphins are sighted year-round
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six species are regularly visible sometimes in schools numbering over a thousand individuals
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and due to the varying sea depths we can find deep water species of dolphin too
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the animals are very energetic
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and are a thrill to watch as they ride the water from the bow
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and leap in the air to cancel a trip you need to call us at least 24 hours beforehand
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if you want to avoid the full charge bay life may
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cancel a trip at any time either due to adverse weather conditions
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or insufficient passenger numbers trips will depart if it rains but not if there's a strong wind
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in the event that one of our regular crew is sick we have a reserve list
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so we can always rely on a full complement of staff
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if you're unsure about the weather please call us at 482-4865 or go to our website.
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We can organize private group tours for conferences, corporate events, company rewards, or school and youth groups.
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These tours can be customized to meet your group's needs, and rates are negotiable.
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Passengers of all ages are welcome on trips.
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Before you hear the rest of the podcast, you have some time to look at questions 16 to 20.
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Now listen and answer questions 16 to 20.
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During the month of May, a local weekly newspaper, the Baytown Gazette, is holding a competition to win a free boat trip for four people.
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The competition will be announced in the paper on the 2nd of May.
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So if you're interested in taking part, get a copy of the newspaper and go over the terms and conditions of entry.
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If, after reading these, you think you're eligible to take part, you need to cut out the application form, which will appear in the same issue, and complete it.
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The next thing you need to do is find a picture of wildlife.
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This can be either a plant or animal or insect that you particularly like.
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It doesn't have to be one that you took yourself, but it should be one that hasn't been published anywhere.
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Make up a suitable heading for the picture and write it on the back.
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Then, on a separate piece of paper, explain in a few sentences why you find this particular picture interesting.
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Your account should be just one paragraph, not more than 150 words in total, so it won't take you long.
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Finally, staple or clip your papers firmly together, put them in an envelope, and send in your entry to the address given in the newspaper.
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The closing date for receipt of entries is the 31st of May, and the names of the lucky winners will be announced in the paper on the 6th of June.
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Good luck!
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That is the end of part two.
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You now have 30 seconds to check your answers to part two.
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Part 3 You will hear two trainee teachers called Jeff and Marta talking about Jeff's dissertation,
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which is about vocabulary learning.
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First you have some time to look at questions 21 to 26.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 21 to 26.
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Well, I think it's a great idea for us to look at each other's work.
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And give feedback.
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Exactly, before we hand it in.
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Well, shall we start with yours?
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Vocabulary learning.
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And how students record the new words they learn in a vocabulary notebook.
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Yeah, well, at the school where I'm teaching part-time, I know my pupils always find learning new words quite a challenge.
158
So the participants, the pupils whose vocabulary books you looked at, were all of them your students?
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A lot of the participants were.
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But I wanted to focus on intermediate level, and I didn't have enough students at that level.
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So I had to borrow a group from another school where a friend teaches.
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Made life easier.
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Yes.
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Well, I did have some problems.
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I mean, getting the kids to take part wasn't as hard as I thought, and I managed to make a connection between what I found in the notebooks and what theorists were saying.
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But I looked at over a hundred notebooks.
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I think I underestimated the quantity of stuff to go through, especially as I was teaching at the same time.
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I know you looked into the reasons that pupils chose to note down a particular word.
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I mean, they're just young kids.
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So didn't they just write down a word if their teacher told them to?
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That's exactly what I'd anticipated, but according to several of the kids I interviewed it was more often either they thought oh
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that word looks familiar but I don't really know it
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or even more common was that they were encountering a word for the very first time.
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So they thought it must be worth learning.
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Exactly.
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Do you think the students made wise choices?
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They obviously considered them to be but I found
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that they often chose words that that are so rare and complicated that they would really struggle to use them, given their level.
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They'd still go off and learn the spelling, write an example sentence, and try to memorise everything on the list.
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But I wondered sometimes what the point was.
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Right.
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I was reading an article about this that said much the same thing, by James, er...
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Morgan?
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Yes.
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He did a similar study with university students in Japan, and their vocabulary notebooks.
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But you know, despite the differences between his participants and mine, there wasn't much difference between the conclusions we came to.
187
But I did wonder about his methods.
188
Yeah, just basing everything on quantitative research, rather than sitting down with any participants and hearing what they had to say.
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I don't know what I'd have done without his statistics, though.
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Gave me something to compare mine with.
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Right.
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Well, Morgan's point was that learners need training about recording vocabulary, wasn't it?
193
Yes, because they think of the vocabulary as just being, say, a word like event.
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So they write that on its own, not in a phrase.
195
Lots of nouns, you mean?
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No, I mean, why do they just write that and not, for example, major event or organise an event?
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Much more useful.
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You mean other words that go with it?
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Yes, well, they're probably busy writing the translation.
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Well, not as often as I expected they would.
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Before you hear the rest of the discussion, you have some time to look at questions 27 to 30.
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Now listen and answer questions 27 to 30.
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Anyway, you've read through my dissertation.
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What do you think?
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Yeah, well, let's start with the introduction.
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Okay.
207
I reckon you've devoted more space than you needed to it.
208
Hmm, you're probably right.
209
There were some bits I wasn't sure about including.
210
Or like my own experiences of learning Spanish vocabulary.
211
Yeah, maybe you should have gone with your first instincts then.
212
Fair enough.
213
Didn't spot any typos, did you?
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Looks as if you've proofread it already.
215
Oh good, because I'm careless sometimes.
216
What about the methodology?
217
Well, I think you could have brought in more things you'd read, like comparing Morgan's methodology to your own,
218
like how he'd counted and categorised all the words his students had recorded.
219
Actually, I did originally, but then decided to dispense with it.
220
Still got it, though.
221
That's just as well.
222
But you could mention some other writers, too.
223
Just a brief bit about two or three.
224
OK, I'll do that.
225
Then the discussion.
226
There's no shortage of references, which is impressive.
227
But I thought maybe you showed a tendency to take things at face value without really scrutinising and questioning other people's findings.
228
Right, and comparing their ideas with my own.
229
Okay, I'll take another look at that and do something about it.
230
And the conclusion.
231
You cover quite a lot of topics, but it might be clearer if they were dealt with separately.
232
You know, order them, like 5.1, 5.2 and so on.
233
It was quite long, but I don't mean that as a criticism.
234
Fair enough.
235
Well, that's a great help, Marta.
236
Shall we talk about yours, then?
237
That is the end of Part 3.
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You now have 30 seconds to check your answers to Part 3.
239
Part 4 You will hear part of a lecture about the use of different building materials.
240
First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
241
Thank you.
242
Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.
243
Good morning, everybody.
244
Can you all hear me?
245
Good.
246
Well, today I'm going to be talking about construction materials, where they come from and what their properties are.
247
First of all then, what are the sources of the materials we use in construction?
248
Well, many of them are manufactured.
249
Plastic is one example.
250
Others are natural.
251
But even naturally occurring materials usually require processing before they can be used.
252
Wood, for instance, is rarely used directly from trees.
253
Instead, this natural material is first cut into required lengths and then seasoned to remove the excess moisture.
254
The result is what we call timber.
255
And then timber itself is often treated with preservatives before use, especially if it's going to be used on the outside of a building.
256
In a similar way, stone needs to be cut to shape and may also be polished before being used for building.
257
Of course, the more processing that's required, the more expensive the material becomes.
258
What about selection?
259
When we're deciding which kind of material to use, cost is not the only consideration.
260
It's important to consider the effect on the environment too.
261
The problem is, large amounts of energy are used.
262
For example, it takes huge amounts of energy to produce aluminium, and materials like timber need a lot of energy to transport because of their weight.
263
Well, that's enough about sources.
264
Let's move on to material properties, and let's first consider appearance.
265
now there's a vast range of materials used in the building industry
266
and they vary tremendously in their appearance even for any single building material appearance may vary greatly for example brick
267
and stone come in a very wide range of colors
268
and can be smooth or very rough and timber is especially interesting
269
because the grain patterns on each piece even from the same tree are unique.
270
But properties have to be described very accurately for construction purposes, and that usually involves the use of mathematical formulae.
271
It isn't enough to say that a particular material is rough or strong or heavy.
272
Words are subjective and they can be ambiguous.
273
So verbal descriptions alone aren't enough.
274
Reflectance is a good example of this.
275
precise values for a range of building materials are available.
276
Reflectance is a measure of the ability of a surface to reflect light and a perfect reflector has a reflectance of 1.
277
A polished, mirror-like silver surface has a reflectance of very nearly 1.
278
A plaster surface which has been painted brilliant white has a reflectance of around 0.8.
279
Quarry tiles have a reflectance of about 0.1 and black velvet has a reflectance of nearly zero.
280
Well, let's move on now to another very important property of materials...
281
That is the end of part four.
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You now have one minute to check your answers to part four.
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इस पाठ की शब्दावली और बोलने के सुझाव
यह B2 स्तर का स्पीकिंग पाठ वीडियो “VOL 10 TEST 1 AUDIO” पर आधारित है। सबसे ज़्यादा दोहराए गए शब्द ये हैं: answer, material, trip, word। इस वीडियो में शैडोइंग के लिए 281 वाक्य और 2911 शब्द हैं। बोला गया हिस्सा 25:38 लंबा है। वक्ता लगभग 114 शब्द प्रति मिनट की स्थिर गति से बोलता है, जो शैडोइंग के लिए आरामदायक है। 85% शब्द अंग्रेज़ी के 3,000 सबसे आम शब्दों में से हैं; बाकी शब्द अभ्यास से पहले देख लेना अच्छा रहेगा।
इस वीडियो की मुख्य शब्दावली
वीडियो के 15 सबसे कठिन शब्द, उच्चारण और अर्थ के साथ:
| शब्द | उच्चारण | अर्थ |
|---|---|---|
| vocabulary संज्ञा | /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/ | शब्दावली |
| dolphin संज्ञा | /ˈdɑlf.ɪn/ | सूंस, सूँस |
| notebook संज्ञा | /ˈnoʊtˌbʊk/ | नोटबुक, कापी |
| participant संज्ञा | /pɑːɹˈtɪsəpənt/ | भागी, भागिनी |
| pupil संज्ञा | /ˈpjuːpəl/ | विद्यार्थी, विद्यार्थिनी |
| organize क्रिया | /ˈɔɹɡənaɪz/ | व्यवस्था करना |
| dissertation संज्ञा | /ˌdɪsəˈteɪʃən/ | प्रबंध, निबंध |
| methodology संज्ञा | /ˌmɛθ.əˈdɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ | कार्यपद्धति, कार्यविधि |
| whale संज्ञा | /ˈweɪl/ | व्हेल, ह्वेल |
| observe क्रिया | /əbˈzɜːv/ | देखना |
| podcast संज्ञा | /ˈpɑdˌkæst/ | पॉडकास्ट, कोशसत्र |
| cancel क्रिया | /ˈkæn.sl̩/ | निरस्त |
| biologist संज्ञा | /baɪˈɒləd͡ʒɪst/ | जीवविज्ञानी |
| inhabit क्रिया | /ɪnˈhæbɪt/ | वास, निवास |
| learner संज्ञा | /ˈlɜɹnəɹ/ | शिक्षार्थी |
दोहराने लायक वाक्य
वीडियो के छोटे, पूरे वाक्य जिन्हें आप रोज़ की बातचीत में इस्तेमाल कर सकते हैं:
- May I speak with the team leader?
- Didn't the volunteer letter tell you that?
- Does that mean I'm washing dishes all weekend?
- Do you think the students made wise choices?
- Didn't spot any typos, did you?
इस वीडियो का व्याकरण
वक्ता जिन संरचनाओं का सबसे अधिक प्रयोग करता है, वीडियो के असली शब्दों के साथ:
| संरचना | वीडियो में |
|---|---|
| Passive voice be + past participle — ज़ोर इस पर कि क्या होता है, न कि कौन करता है | will be played · will be given · be given |
| Present perfect have/has + past participle — बीता हुआ काम जिसका असर अभी भी है | have thought · hasn't been published · have done |
| Relative clauses who / which + उपवाक्य — व्यक्ति या वस्तु के बारे में अतिरिक्त जानकारी | form, which will · references, which is · surface which has |
ध्यान देने योग्य उच्चारण
वक्ता 69 बार संक्षिप्त रूपों का प्रयोग करता है, जैसे don't, I'm, you're। इन्हें वैसे ही छोटा बोलें जैसा आप सुनते हैं।
- “th” की ध्वनियाँ: methodology /ˌmɛθ.əˈdɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/, theorist /ˈθiːəɹəst/, thrill /θɹɪl/, mathematical /ˌmæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪ.kəl/, booth /buθ/
- “sh” और “zh” की ध्वनियाँ: dissertation /ˌdɪsəˈteɪʃən/, negotiable /nɪˈɡoʊʃəbəl/, shampoo /ʃæmˈpuː/, insufficient /ɪnsəˈfɪʃənt/, shortage /ˈʃɔː(ɹ)tɪd͡ʒ/
- लंबे शब्द — बलाघात सही रखें: vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, participant /pɑːɹˈtɪsəpənt/, dissertation /ˌdɪsəˈteɪʃən/, methodology /ˌmɛθ.əˈdɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/, biologist /baɪˈɒləd͡ʒɪst/
हिंदी भाषियों के लिए मुश्किल ध्वनियाँ:
- /v/ और /w/ का फ़र्क़ — /v/ में ऊपर के दाँत निचले होंठ को छूते हैं, /w/ में होंठ गोल होते हैं: vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, vendor /ˈvɛn.dɚ/, whale /ˈweɪl/, observe /əbˈzɜːv/, preservative /prɪˈzəːvətɪv/
- /z/ — इसे “ज” (/dʒ/) न बनाएँ: organize /ˈɔɹɡənaɪz/, observe /əbˈzɜːv/, customize /ˈkʌs.tə.maɪ̯z/, memorize /ˈmɛm.əˌɹaɪ̯z/, preservative /prɪˈzəːvətɪv/
- शब्द की शुरुआत में s + व्यंजन — पहले “इ” न जोड़ें: scrutinise /ˈskɹuːtɪnaɪz/, staple /ˈsteɪ.pəl/, spelling /ˈspɛl.ɪŋ/
इस वीडियो से अभ्यास कैसे करें
- पहले बिना बोले पूरा वीडियो एक बार सुनें और जो शब्द नहीं आते उन्हें लिख लें।
- सामान्य गति पर एक-एक वाक्य की शैडोइंग करें और हर वाक्य तब तक दोहराएँ जब तक आपकी लय वक्ता से न मिल जाए।
- अपनी आवाज़ रिकॉर्ड करें और मूल से तुलना करें, ख़ासकर vocabulary, dolphin, notebook जैसे शब्दों पर ध्यान दें।
शैडोइंग तकनीक क्या है?
शैडोइंग (Shadowing) एक विज्ञान-समर्थित भाषा सीखने की तकनीक है जो मूल रूप से पेशेवर दुभाषिया प्रशिक्षण के लिए विकसित की गई थी। विधि सरल लेकिन शक्तिशाली है: आप मूल अंग्रेज़ी ऑडियो सुनते हैं और तुरंत इसे ज़ोर से दोहराते हैं — जैसे वक्ता की छाया 1-2 सेकंड की देरी से। शोध से पता चलता है कि यह उच्चारण सटीकता, स्वर, लय, जुड़ी हुई ध्वनियाँ, सुनने की समझ और बोलने की प्रवाहशीलता में काफ़ी सुधार करता है।