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What do worms eat?
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Hi!
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Welcome to Curious Kids Every Day.
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I'm Josh.
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How are you doing today?
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It's so good to hear from you.
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Hey, if I asked you to act like a worm right now, what would you do?
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Here, I'll give you some music.
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Why don't you act like a worm for a minute?
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Ready?
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Three, two, one, go!
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I'm guessing that you were squirming and bending your body all over the place, right?
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That's how worms move!
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They are some of the strangest and most fascinating creatures in the animal kingdom.
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You know we did an episode one time about how unique a worm's body is
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but today I want to talk about.. well it's kind of related to that but it's something else.
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See I was thinking about worms today because I got a question from a kid in the Curious Kids Club named Ellie.
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Ellie wondered...
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Hello, my name is Ellie, and I was wondering, what do worms eat?
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Okay, well, first, there are lots of different kinds of worms, and they don't all eat the same things.
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But today, we're going to talk about earthworms.
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Because when you hear the word worm, you're probably thinking about the little creatures you see digging around in your backyard, right?
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Those are usually earthworms.
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And a lot of earthworms' food comes from material that is already starting to break down.
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So think about a leaf that falls from a tree.
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Now does that leaf stay there forever?
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No, it eventually becomes softer and it begins to decay.
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Dead roots and other leftover pieces of plants, they break down too.
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This material is called organic material.
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Can you say organic material?
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Different kinds of earthworms find this food in different places.
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Some live close to the surface and feed among fallen leaves and other plant material.
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Others burrow through soil that contains bits of organic matter.
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go go even deeper and deeper, they burrow really deep, and they pull plant material from the surface down toward their burrows.
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But there's another important part of the earthworm's meal.
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All over that decaying material are tiny living things called microorganisms.
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Can you say microorganisms?
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Bacteria and fungi are examples of microorganisms.
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Earthworms can swallow these microorganisms along with the decaying material and soil around them.
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That means when you see an earthworm moving through dirt, it may actually swallow some of that soil as it searches for food inside it.
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But here's where things get really interesting, because earthworms don't have teeth.
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Food enters through the earthworm's mouth, and then a muscular part called the pharynx helps pull the food inside.
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Then the food travels to an organ called the crop, where it can be held for a little while, and after that it enters the gizzard.
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Do you know what the gizzard is?
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The gizzard is a strong muscular organ that grinds the food into smaller pieces.
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Tiny gritty particles, such as bits of sand or soil, can help with the grinding.
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After the gizzard finishes grinding, the food moves into the intestine.
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There the earthworm digests the food and absorbs nutrients its body can use.
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Whatever is left eventually passes out of the earthworm's body, like it's going to the bathroom.
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But that material is called a casting.
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You may have seen earthworm castings before without realizing.
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They can look like tiny clumps of crumbling soil.
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Earthworms can even help us recycle certain kinds of food waste.
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A type of earthworm called a red wiggler is commonly kept in special compost bins.
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People give them things like fruits and vegetable scraps, and as that food begins breaking down,
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microorganisms grow on it and worms consume the microorganisms along with some of the decomposing food.
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Eventually the worms produce castings that can be added to the soil.
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So the worms eat from the soil and then add to it.
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Pretty amazing.
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Their castings contain nutrients that help the soil hold water and air, which can make it a better place for plants to grow.
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So if you dig into the dirt and you find an earthworm, there's a good chance that while you were digging, you also dug up some of its food too.
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Decaying plant material and tiny microorganisms living on it.
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Isn't that amazing?
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Alright, let's have a quick quiz and see what we learned today.
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What do we call dead plant material that is breaking down in soil?
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It's called organic matter.
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And what organ inside an earthworm grinds its food?
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It's called the gizzard.
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And what can help the gizzard grind food into smaller pieces?
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Gritty particles such as sand or soil.
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And what do we call the processed materials that pass out of an earthworm?
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They're called castings.
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All right, let's play true or false.
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True or false, earthworms have teeth that they can use to chew their food.
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Nope, that's false.
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True or false, earthworms can eat microorganisms living on decaying material. That is true.
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True or false, some earthworms pull plant material from the surface toward their burrows. That is true, too.
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Would you rather have a pet worm or a pet fish?
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You know what?
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I've never had either of these things.
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I've never had a worm or a fish, but I've seen lots of worms and I've seen lots of fish.
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And if I had to pick just one, I think I'd choose the worm.
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Yeah, because the worm can kind of just feed itself.
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You gotta feed a fish.
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Alright, let's play a round of what am I.
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What am I?
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I can be so small that you can't see me without a microscope.
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I can live on decaying material.
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And bacteria and fungi are two examples of me.
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What am I?
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I am a microorganism.
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You want to play one more round of what am I?
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I got one more.
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Ready?
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What am I?
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You might find me sitting on the ground.
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I once grew on a plant.
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And after I fall and begin to decay, I can become food for earthworms.
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What am I?
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I am a leaf.
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Well, now we know what earthworms eat.
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They eat decaying plant material and the tiny microorganisms living on it.
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Some earthworms swallow soil along with their food, and because they don't have teeth, a muscular gizzard helps grind everything into smaller pieces.
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After the food moves through the digestive system, the remaining material leaves the worm as things called castings,
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and those castings are actually helpful for the soil.
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They contain nutrients that help the soil hold water and air, which can make it a better place for plants to grow.
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Isn't that amazing?
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Worms are a really important part of nature.
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The next time you see one, make sure to say, thank you, little worm.
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Now, before we say goodbye today, I want to say a special thank you to our friend, Miss Dolly.
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She has mailed so many wonderful books to my kids over the years because she wanted to help them learn to read.
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She's also done
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so many things to make Tennessee such a great place to
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live we will always love you miss Dolly what kind of
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question do you think we'll ask tomorrow on curious kids every day I can't wait to find out
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so until then keep asking questions and stay curious kids
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and some of the kids in the curious kids club have birthdays today
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Ralphie from South Carolina is turning two today happy birthday Ralphie
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Betty from Florida is turning four today happy birthday Betty all
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these kids are turning five today violet from Florida happy birthday violet Teddy from Illinois happy birthday Teddy
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and Conrad from New York happy birthday Conrad all these kids
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are turning six today Riley from Minnesota happy birthday Riley Drea
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from Colorado happy birthday Drea Marin from Colorado happy birthday Marin
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Mila from Virginia happy birthday Mila Oliver from Oklahoma happy birthday Oliver Olivia from Ontario happy birthday Olivia
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and Josie from Michigan happy birthday Josie these kids are turning seven today
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and race from Florida happy birthday and race
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and Ayla from Alberta Canada happy birthday Ayla and then Liam from Kentucky is turning eight today.
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Happy birthday, Liam.
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To all the grownups listening, if your curious kid wants their birthday mentioned on the show, please visit supportcuriouskids.com and join the Curious Kids Club.
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That's supportcuriouskids.com.
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See you tomorrow.
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Vocabolario e note di pronuncia per questa lezione
Questo video contiene 131 frasi e 1409 parole da ripetere con lo shadowing. Il parlato dura 12:21. Chi parla mantiene un ritmo costante di circa 114 parole al minuto, comodo per lo shadowing. Il 78% delle parole rientra nelle 3.000 più comuni dell’inglese; conviene studiare le altre prima di iniziare.
Vocaboli chiave di questo video
15 parole del video che vale la pena imparare, con pronuncia e significato:
| Parola | Pronuncia | Significato |
|---|---|---|
| worm sostantivo | /wɝm/ | verme |
| soil sostantivo | /sɔɪl/ | suolo, terra |
| curious aggettivo | /ˈkjʊɹ.i.əs/ | curioso, interessato |
| grind verbo | /ˈɡɹaɪnd/ | macinare |
| leaf sostantivo | /lif/ | foglia |
| organic aggettivo | /ɔːˈɡænɪk/ | organico |
| organ sostantivo | /ˈɔːɡən/ | organo |
| swallow verbo | /ˈswɑ.loʊ/ | inghiottire, ingerire |
| muscular aggettivo | /ˈmʌs.kjʊl.ə/ | muscoloso |
| nutrient sostantivo | /ˈnuː.tɹi.ənt/ | nutriente, principe nutritivo |
| sand sostantivo | /sænd/ | sabbia, rena |
| dirt sostantivo | /dɝt/ | terra |
| dig verbo | /dɪɡ/ | scavare |
| particle sostantivo | /ˈpɑɹtək(ə)l/ | granello, pezzetto |
| violet sostantivo | /ˈvaɪ.ə.lət/ | viola |
I phrasal verb che sentirai
| Parola | Significato |
|---|---|
| find out verbo | scoprire |
La grammatica di questo video
Le strutture che chi parla usa di più, con le parole esatte del video:
| Struttura | Nel video |
|---|---|
| Forma passiva be + participio passato — conta ciò che accade, non chi lo fa | is called · can be held · is left |
| Present perfect have/has + participio passato — un’azione passata che conta ancora adesso | I've never had · has mailed |
| Frasi relative who / which + frase — un’informazione in più su una persona o una cosa | air, which can |
| Past continuous was/were + -ing — un’azione in corso in un momento del passato | were squirming · was thinking · was wondering |
Pronuncia a cui fare attenzione
Chi parla usa 21 contrazioni e forme ridotte, come don't, I've, can't. Pronunciale nella forma breve, così come le senti.
Come esercitarsi con questo video
- Ascolta tutto il video una volta senza parlare e annota le parole che non conosci.
- Fai shadowing frase per frase a velocità normale, ripetendo ognuna finché il tuo ritmo coincide con quello di chi parla.
- Registrati e confronta con l’originale, facendo attenzione a parole come worm, soil, curious.
Cos'è la tecnica dello Shadowing?
Shadowing è una tecnica di apprendimento delle lingue supportata da studi scientifici, originariamente sviluppata per la formazione dei traduttori professionisti e resa popolare dal poliglotta Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Il metodo è semplice ma potente: ascolti un audio in inglese di madrelingua e lo ripeti immediatamente ad alta voce — come un'ombra che segue il parlante con un ritardo di solo 1–2 secondi. A differenza dell'ascolto passivo o degli esercizi di grammatica, lo shadowing costringe il tuo cervello e i muscoli della bocca a elaborare e riprodurre simultaneamente i modelli di discorso reale. La ricerca dimostra che migliora significativamente la precisione della pronuncia, l'intonazione, il ritmo, il discorso connesso, la comprensione dell'ascolto e la fluidità del parlato — rendendolo uno dei metodi più efficaci per la preparazione alla prova di speaking dell'IELTS e per la comunicazione reale in inglese.