シャドーイング練習: ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐BEST grammar lesson EVER!! | must, have, had better, should, ought to | Steve Ford - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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Hello, hello, hello everybody!
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My name is Steve Ford and welcome to your English lesson.
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Today we're going to be doing English for 30 days lesson 11.
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It's gonna be a great class so stay tuned!
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One thing that a lot of my students, even my advanced students, even my students who live in the United States,
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Canada, one thing that they always ask me for is to help them to brush up on,
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to review some things in English that maybe they forgot or they need to take a look again.
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So today we're going to be talking about when we do things that we must do, that we have to do,
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that we should do, that we ought to do, we had better do.
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So in case you haven't done so, you can smash that like button.
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You can also subscribe to my channel to support my work.
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And let's go.
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The first one that we have here is must and have to, which can many times mean the same thing.
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For a lot of native speakers, they will use it interchangeably.
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They will use both of them.
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I must be going.
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Oh, I have to get going.
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There is a small difference that grammatically is correct.
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I don't think that native speakers even know about it.
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And that's must is when you receive an order, when it's an obligation.
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So that order is going to come from a person who is in a position of authority, like your government, your doctor.
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if you're a little kid, your mom, your dad, a police officer, so on and so forth.
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So this is my big topic of conversation today when we're comparing cultures.
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So here in Canada and the United States for the most part, you must stop at a red light.
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So who is saying that?
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The government's saying that.
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The police are saying that.
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You must stop at a red light.
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and I can confirm that I remember
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when I was a kid I used to see my dad
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and when he was driving the family home even late at night nobody around
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and he stopped at
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that red light you must stop at a red light there's a small difference here is
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that when you say you have to do something it's
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because somebody is forcing you
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or the situation is forcing you to do it that's the official grammar rule
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but you'll hear a lot of people mix it together they'll
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say you must stop at a red light you have to
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stop at a red light Canadians being the people they are
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will always stop at a red light it's does happen I've
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seen it happen once in a blue moon maybe even more than
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that that people will run a red light they'll just go through
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so you say to a Canadian you must stop at a red light
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and the Canadian saying yes yes I'm I have to stop at a red light
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but in some countries
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and I know this from my own experience you don't have
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to stop at a red light at certain times of the day
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or in certain situations so for example
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if it's late at night past 10 o'clock you don't have to stop at a red light pay attention
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because you don't have to, the meaning totally changes.
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It means it's not necessary.
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But in Canada, you must not run a red light.
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News flash, everybody.
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I saw this happen today in vancouver and i can't say that people rarely
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go through or run a red light as you can see
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so maybe things are changing i think the reason is different here people do it just
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because they want to do it or maybe they can pay for the ticket
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and I know in other countries some people they have no choice
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if they want to stay safe back to our video in this case even
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when we use must in the negative it's still an order you must not run a red light yeah
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so when we use it in the past you can only use had to
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so you could say oh
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when I was traveling in Canada I had to stop at all the red lights after must
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and have to we have had better
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which is a warning it's not as strong as must
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or have to that's like when there's no choice
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and you could say for example you had better be nice to your mother-in-law
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or maybe something bad will happen could be depends on your mother-in-law you had better remember your anniversary
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or maybe something bad is going to happen like sleeping in the doghouse last
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but not least we have should and ought to
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and we want to compare cultures a little bit so
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when we are having guests over the guests normally you should bring some kind of gift
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so which gift do you think you should bring?
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Do you think that you should bring this one, this one, this one, this one?
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Let me know in your comments.
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You could use ought to as well.
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That's a little stronger than should, but it also is used to give advice.
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A lot of my students don't know about ought to
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but you will hear North Americans use them oughta oughta oughta maybe that's why nobody notices
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that people use ought to another big one is that
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when you're a guest at somebody's place there's always this question
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about should you walk into the house with your shoes on
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and here in North America
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that really depends some people are very careful about keeping their carpet clean keeping their floor clean
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so it's a good idea if you ask before
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if you should keep your shoes on or off I know
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that in some countries it really doesn't matter you can just walk into somebody's house
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and it's not a problem another big one is
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when people are going out on a date especially the first date I would say maybe I'm old-fashioned
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that if a guy and girl are going out on their first date
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that the guy should pay for the meal he should pay
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for the meal yeah let me let me ask my wife I don't know
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if that's traditional you let me know if
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that still happens in your country that the guy should pay for the first meal
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when he goes out on a date now I have heard
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stories I heard one very funny story the other day
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that some guys I don't know
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if this is true they pay for the meal every single time
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and then when
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if they break up then he's like hey can I have my money back oh is
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that true should should the guy ask me no he shouldn't ask for his money back okay everybody I hope
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that you enjoyed this lesson if you'd like to subscribe to my videos you can do
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that here if you would like to follow me on my social networks you can do
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that at the links below this video you can also do the free quiz at the link below this video
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and I'll see you in our next English lesson bye everybody
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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が105文、単語が1221語あります。 音声の長さは7:34です。 話す速さは1分あたり約162語で、日常会話に近い自然なペースです。 単語の90%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれるため、語彙は分かりやすいです。
この動画の重要語彙
動画に出てくる覚えておきたい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| meal 名詞 | /ˈmiːl/ | 食事, めし |
| lesson 名詞 | /ˈlɛs.ən/ | 授業, 学科 |
| compare 動詞 | /kəmˈpɛɚ/ | 比べる, 比較する |
| shoe 名詞 | /ˈʃu/ | 靴, シューズ |
| depend 動詞 | /dɪˈpɛnd/ | 依存する |
| subscribe 動詞 | /səbˈskɹaɪb/ | 購読する |
| topic 名詞 | /ˈtɑpɪk/ | 話題, テーマ |
| rarely 副詞 | /ˈɹɛəɹli/ | 滅多に…ない, 稀に |
| confirm 動詞 | /kənˈfɝm/ | 確認する |
| tune 名詞 | /tjuːn/ | 曲, チューン |
| brush 名詞 | /bɹʌʃ/ | 刷子, 刷毛 |
| carpet 名詞 | /ˈkɑɹ.pət/ | 絨毯, カーペット |
| grammar 名詞 | /ˈɡɹæm.ə(ɹ)/ | 文法 |
| smash 動詞 | /smæʃ/ | 打ち砕く |
| obligation 名詞 | /ˌɑ.blɪˈɡeɪ.ʃn̩/ | 義務, 責任 |
この動画の文法
話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。
| 文型 | 動画での表現 |
|---|---|
| 現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係している | haven't done · have had · have heard |
| 関係詞節 who / which + 節 — 人や物について情報を加える | students who live · person who is |
| 「should」による助言 should + 動詞 — したほうがよいことを伝える | should do · should and · should bring |
| 過去進行形 was/were + -ing — 過去のある時点で進行中だった動作 | was driving · was traveling |
注意したい発音
話し手はdon't, we're, I'mなど、短縮形や弱形を25回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。
- 「sh」と「zh」の音: shoe /ˈʃu/, flash /flæʃ/, brush /bɹʌʃ/, smash /smæʃ/, obligation /ˌɑ.blɪˈɡeɪ.ʃn̩/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- まず0.75倍速で一文ずつシャドーイングし、慣れてきたら通常の速度に戻します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。meal, lesson, compareなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。