跟读练习: ⭐⭐⭐⭐⭐BEST grammar lesson EVER!! | must, have, had better, should, ought to | Steve Ford - 通过视频学习英语口语
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Hello, hello, hello everybody!
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My name is Steve Ford and welcome to your English lesson.
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Today we're going to be doing English for 30 days lesson 11.
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It's gonna be a great class so stay tuned!
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One thing that a lot of my students, even my advanced students, even my students who live in the United States,
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Canada, one thing that they always ask me for is to help them to brush up on,
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to review some things in English that maybe they forgot or they need to take a look again.
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So today we're going to be talking about when we do things that we must do, that we have to do,
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that we should do, that we ought to do, we had better do.
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So in case you haven't done so, you can smash that like button.
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You can also subscribe to my channel to support my work.
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And let's go.
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The first one that we have here is must and have to, which can many times mean the same thing.
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For a lot of native speakers, they will use it interchangeably.
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They will use both of them.
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I must be going.
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Oh, I have to get going.
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There is a small difference that grammatically is correct.
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I don't think that native speakers even know about it.
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And that's must is when you receive an order, when it's an obligation.
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So that order is going to come from a person who is in a position of authority, like your government, your doctor.
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if you're a little kid, your mom, your dad, a police officer, so on and so forth.
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So this is my big topic of conversation today when we're comparing cultures.
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So here in Canada and the United States for the most part, you must stop at a red light.
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So who is saying that?
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The government's saying that.
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The police are saying that.
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You must stop at a red light.
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and I can confirm that I remember
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when I was a kid I used to see my dad
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and when he was driving the family home even late at night nobody around
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and he stopped at
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that red light you must stop at a red light there's a small difference here is
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that when you say you have to do something it's
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because somebody is forcing you
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or the situation is forcing you to do it that's the official grammar rule
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but you'll hear a lot of people mix it together they'll
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say you must stop at a red light you have to
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stop at a red light Canadians being the people they are
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will always stop at a red light it's does happen I've
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seen it happen once in a blue moon maybe even more than
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that that people will run a red light they'll just go through
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so you say to a Canadian you must stop at a red light
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and the Canadian saying yes yes I'm I have to stop at a red light
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but in some countries
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and I know this from my own experience you don't have
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to stop at a red light at certain times of the day
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or in certain situations so for example
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if it's late at night past 10 o'clock you don't have to stop at a red light pay attention
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because you don't have to, the meaning totally changes.
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It means it's not necessary.
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But in Canada, you must not run a red light.
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News flash, everybody.
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I saw this happen today in vancouver and i can't say that people rarely
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go through or run a red light as you can see
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so maybe things are changing i think the reason is different here people do it just
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because they want to do it or maybe they can pay for the ticket
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and I know in other countries some people they have no choice
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if they want to stay safe back to our video in this case even
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when we use must in the negative it's still an order you must not run a red light yeah
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so when we use it in the past you can only use had to
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so you could say oh
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when I was traveling in Canada I had to stop at all the red lights after must
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and have to we have had better
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which is a warning it's not as strong as must
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or have to that's like when there's no choice
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and you could say for example you had better be nice to your mother-in-law
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or maybe something bad will happen could be depends on your mother-in-law you had better remember your anniversary
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or maybe something bad is going to happen like sleeping in the doghouse last
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but not least we have should and ought to
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and we want to compare cultures a little bit so
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when we are having guests over the guests normally you should bring some kind of gift
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so which gift do you think you should bring?
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Do you think that you should bring this one, this one, this one, this one?
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Let me know in your comments.
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You could use ought to as well.
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That's a little stronger than should, but it also is used to give advice.
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A lot of my students don't know about ought to
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but you will hear North Americans use them oughta oughta oughta maybe that's why nobody notices
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that people use ought to another big one is that
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when you're a guest at somebody's place there's always this question
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about should you walk into the house with your shoes on
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and here in North America
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that really depends some people are very careful about keeping their carpet clean keeping their floor clean
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so it's a good idea if you ask before
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if you should keep your shoes on or off I know
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that in some countries it really doesn't matter you can just walk into somebody's house
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and it's not a problem another big one is
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when people are going out on a date especially the first date I would say maybe I'm old-fashioned
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that if a guy and girl are going out on their first date
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that the guy should pay for the meal he should pay
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for the meal yeah let me let me ask my wife I don't know
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if that's traditional you let me know if
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that still happens in your country that the guy should pay for the first meal
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when he goes out on a date now I have heard
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stories I heard one very funny story the other day
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that some guys I don't know
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if this is true they pay for the meal every single time
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and then when
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if they break up then he's like hey can I have my money back oh is
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that true should should the guy ask me no he shouldn't ask for his money back okay everybody I hope
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that you enjoyed this lesson if you'd like to subscribe to my videos you can do
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that here if you would like to follow me on my social networks you can do
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that at the links below this video you can also do the free quiz at the link below this video
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and I'll see you in our next English lesson bye everybody
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这段视频共有 105 个句子、1221 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 7:34。 说话人语速自然，每分钟约 162 个词，接近日常对话。 90% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇容易理解。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| meal 名词 | /ˈmiːl/ | 餐, 飯 /饭 |
| lesson 名词 | /ˈlɛs.ən/ | 課業 /课业, -課 /-课 |
| compare 动词 | /kəmˈpɛɚ/ | 比, 比較 /比较 |
| shoe 名词 | /ˈʃu/ | 鞋子, 鞋 |
| depend 动词 | /dɪˈpɛnd/ | 信任, 信賴 /信赖 |
| subscribe 动词 | /səbˈskɹaɪb/ | 簽署 /签署 |
| topic 名词 | /ˈtɑpɪk/ | 主題 /主题, 話題 /话题 |
| flash 动词 | /flæʃ/ | 閃光 /闪光 |
| rarely 副词 | /ˈɹɛəɹli/ | 很少, 罕有地 |
| confirm 动词 | /kənˈfɝm/ | 證實 /证实, 確認 /确认 |
| tune 名词 | /tjuːn/ | 曲調 /曲调, 曲子 |
| brush 名词 | /bɹʌʃ/ | 刷子, 刷 |
| carpet 名词 | /ˈkɑɹ.pət/ | 地毯, 地氈 /地毡 |
| grammar 名词 | /ˈɡɹæm.ə(ɹ)/ | 語法 /语法, 文法 |
| smash 动词 | /smæʃ/ | 粉碎 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 释义 |
|---|---|
| go through 动词 | 通過 /通过 |
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | haven't done · have had · have heard |
| 定语从句 who / which + 从句 — 补充说明人或事物 | students who live · person who is |
| 用 “should” 提建议 should + 动词 — 表示应该做的事 | should do · should and · should bring |
| 过去进行时 was/were + -ing — 过去某一时刻正在进行的动作 | was driving · was traveling |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 25 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 don't, we're, I'm。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: shoe /ˈʃu/, flash /flæʃ/, brush /bɹʌʃ/, smash /smæʃ/, obligation /ˌɑ.blɪˈɡeɪ.ʃn̩/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 meal, lesson, compare 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。