シャドーイング練習: Build a Tiny Plant World! | Science Project for Kids - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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Squeaks and I are making a tiny world!
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With just a few plants and some soil, we're going to make a small garden that can take care of itself.
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It's called a terrarium.
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The kind of terrarium we're making is a closed terrarium, which means it's covered and you don't need to water it.
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Plants need soil, sunlight, and water to live.
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The plants in a terrarium have soil, and the container is clear so sunlight gets to them.
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But how do plants in a closed terrarium live The plants in a closed terrarium get water because of the water cycle.
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When it rains outside, a lot of the water goes into puddles, rivers, lakes, and the oceans.
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Then the sun warms up some of that water, and it changes into what's called water vapor.
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The water we see in rivers, lakes, and oceans is a liquid.
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But water vapor is a gas, like the air we breathe.
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You can't see water when it's vapor, but it's still there.
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Once the liquid water changes into water vapor, it rises up into the sky.
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and the water vapor turns back into a liquid.
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The little droplets of water gather into clouds.
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And when there's a lot of water in a cloud, it falls back to the ground as rain.
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And then the cycle starts all over again.
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The same thing is going to happen in our terrarium, but on a smaller scale.
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The sun will warm up the water in the terrarium, but when it turns into water vapor, the vapor will stay inside the container.
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Then when it cools down a little, the water vapor will turn back into a liquid.
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You might see the water dripping down the sides of the container as it falls back down to the soil, like a tiny version of a rain shower.
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The cycle starts all over again.
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So that's how the plants in our terrarium will get water: the water cycle.
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You're right, Squeaks!
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We can talk about it all day, but let's get to building it so we can see it with our own eyes.
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Here's what you'll need for your terrarium.
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First, you'll need a clear container.
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It has to be clear to let the sun in.
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We're going to use this big glass jar, but you can also use a clean 2 -liter soda bottle, or an empty fish tank, or whatever you want.
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You should also get some plants, of course.
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You'll want to use plants that like an environment with lots of water vapor in the air.
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ferns or mosses are good for that.
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And you might need to have a grown -up buy these at a store.
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You should get some good potting soil, too.
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You'll also need some small rocks and a little bit of charcoal.
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They'll help the water stay clean.
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Finally, you can also get some small decorations if you want.
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Okay, if you're using a plastic bottle, the first thing you should do is cut the top off.
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Ask a grown -up for help with this part.
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Next, wash whatever container you're using with soap and water, and then dry it with a clean towel.
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Now that your container is ready, you can start constructing your tiny world.
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First, you should put about two to two and a half centimeters of little rocks at the bottom.
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This helps the water drain out of the soil, so it's easier for it to turn into water vapor.
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On top of that, add a layer of charcoal, about one and a half centimeters deep.
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The charcoal is optional, but if you want your terrarium to last a long time, it's a good idea because it'll keep the water clean, and clean water makes healthier plants.
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Next, fill about half your container with soil.
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And now it's time for the plants!
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Decide how you want to arrange them, and dig small holes with your fingers for the plants.
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Then gently put the plants in the soil.
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Spread some soil over the roots, and carefully pat down the soil so the plants are secure and won't fall over.
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If you have decorations for your little world, now's a good time to put those in.
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And now that it looks all awesome, lightly water the plants to get the water cycle started.
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And now it's time to close up the terrarium.
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If you're using a bottle, tape the top back on.
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We have a lid.
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And now all we have to do is put it where there's lots of light,
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but it won't be directly put in the terrarium will be soaked up by the plant's roots and the soil,
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but eventually, the sun will warm it up and turn it into water vapor.
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Then, when the water vapor gets a little cooler, it'll turn back into liquid water.
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That's when you'll probably see it sliding down the sides of the container to water the soil and roots again.
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Keep an eye on your terrarium for the first few weeks and months, as the plants adjust to their new space and water cycle.
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You might need to open it up and add a little more water, or move it to where there's more or less light.
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Once you establish a good spot and little world, it'll take care of itself!
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Terrariums can last for a really long time!
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Squeaks and I read about one that hasn't needed fresh water in more than 40 years!
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Have fun planting your terrarium and creating your own water cycle, and let us know how it turns out!
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Ask a grown -up to help you leave a comment down below, or send us an email to kids @scishow .com!
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Thanks, and we'll see you next time, here at the Fort!
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you
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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が69文、単語が967語あります。 音声の長さは4:38です。 話す速さは速く、1分あたり約209語です。音のつながりや弱く発音される音が多くなります。 単語の83%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれます。残りは練習の前に確認しておきましょう。
この動画の重要語彙
動画に出てくる覚えておきたい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| soil 名詞 | /sɔɪl/ | 土, 土壌 |
| vapor 名詞 | /ˈveɪpɚ/ | 気体, 蒸気 |
| container 名詞 | /kənˈteɪ.nəɹ/ | 容器 |
| liquid 名詞 | /ˈlɪk.wɪd/ | 液体, 流体 |
| charcoal 名詞 | /ˈt͡ʃɑɹ.koʊl/ | 木炭 |
| cloud 名詞 | /ˈklaʊ̯d/ | 雲, 雲霞 |
| sunlight 名詞 | /ˈsʌnˌlaɪt/ | 日光, 太陽光 |
| decoration 名詞 | /ˌdɛkəˈɹeɪʃən/ | 装飾 |
| finger 名詞 | /ˈfɪŋɡɚ/ | 指 |
| carefully 副詞 | /ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/ | じっくり, 慎重に |
| layer 名詞 | /ˈleɪ̯ɚ/ | 層, 膜 |
| pot 名詞 | /pɑt/ | 鍋 |
| slide 名詞 | /ˈslaɪ̯d/ | 滑り台 |
| breathe 動詞 | /bɹiːð/ | 呼吸する, 息をする |
| soap 名詞 | /soʊp/ | 石鹸, シャボン |
動画に出てくる句動詞
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| warm up 動詞 | /ˌwɔː(ɹ)m ˈʌp/ | 温まる |
| cool down 動詞 | /kuːl ˈdaʊn/ | 冷める, 冷える |
| grow up 動詞 | 成長する, 大人に成る |
注意したい発音
話し手はyou'll, you're, it'llなど、短縮形や弱形を22回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。
- 「th」の音: breathe /bɹiːð/, gather /ˈɡæðɚ/
- 「sh」と「zh」の音: decoration /ˌdɛkəˈɹeɪʃən/, establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/, optional /ˈɑp.ʃə.nəl/
- 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: decoration /ˌdɛkəˈɹeɪʃən/, terrarium /təˈɹɛɹ.i.əm/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- まず0.75倍速で一文ずつシャドーイングし、慣れてきたら通常の速度に戻します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。soil, vapor, containerなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
この動画の文法
話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。
| 文型 | 動画での表現 |
|---|---|
| 受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる | is cut · is put · will be soaked |
| 「should」による助言 should + 動詞 — したほうがよいことを伝える | should also get · should get · should do |
| 「might / may」による可能性 might/may + 動詞 — 起こりうるが確実ではないこと | might see · might need |
| 「will」の未来表現 will + 動詞 — その場の決定、約束、予測 | will warm · will turn · will get |
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。