跟读练习: Build a Tiny Plant World! | Science Project for Kids - 通过视频学习英语口语
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69 句
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Squeaks and I are making a tiny world!
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With just a few plants and some soil, we're going to make a small garden that can take care of itself.
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It's called a terrarium.
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The kind of terrarium we're making is a closed terrarium, which means it's covered and you don't need to water it.
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Plants need soil, sunlight, and water to live.
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The plants in a terrarium have soil, and the container is clear so sunlight gets to them.
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But how do plants in a closed terrarium live The plants in a closed terrarium get water because of the water cycle.
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When it rains outside, a lot of the water goes into puddles, rivers, lakes, and the oceans.
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Then the sun warms up some of that water, and it changes into what's called water vapor.
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The water we see in rivers, lakes, and oceans is a liquid.
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But water vapor is a gas, like the air we breathe.
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You can't see water when it's vapor, but it's still there.
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Once the liquid water changes into water vapor, it rises up into the sky.
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and the water vapor turns back into a liquid.
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The little droplets of water gather into clouds.
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And when there's a lot of water in a cloud, it falls back to the ground as rain.
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And then the cycle starts all over again.
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The same thing is going to happen in our terrarium, but on a smaller scale.
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The sun will warm up the water in the terrarium, but when it turns into water vapor, the vapor will stay inside the container.
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Then when it cools down a little, the water vapor will turn back into a liquid.
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You might see the water dripping down the sides of the container as it falls back down to the soil, like a tiny version of a rain shower.
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The cycle starts all over again.
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So that's how the plants in our terrarium will get water: the water cycle.
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You're right, Squeaks!
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We can talk about it all day, but let's get to building it so we can see it with our own eyes.
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Here's what you'll need for your terrarium.
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First, you'll need a clear container.
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It has to be clear to let the sun in.
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We're going to use this big glass jar, but you can also use a clean 2 -liter soda bottle, or an empty fish tank, or whatever you want.
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You should also get some plants, of course.
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You'll want to use plants that like an environment with lots of water vapor in the air.
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ferns or mosses are good for that.
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And you might need to have a grown -up buy these at a store.
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You should get some good potting soil, too.
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You'll also need some small rocks and a little bit of charcoal.
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They'll help the water stay clean.
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Finally, you can also get some small decorations if you want.
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Okay, if you're using a plastic bottle, the first thing you should do is cut the top off.
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Ask a grown -up for help with this part.
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Next, wash whatever container you're using with soap and water, and then dry it with a clean towel.
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Now that your container is ready, you can start constructing your tiny world.
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First, you should put about two to two and a half centimeters of little rocks at the bottom.
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This helps the water drain out of the soil, so it's easier for it to turn into water vapor.
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On top of that, add a layer of charcoal, about one and a half centimeters deep.
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The charcoal is optional, but if you want your terrarium to last a long time, it's a good idea because it'll keep the water clean, and clean water makes healthier plants.
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Next, fill about half your container with soil.
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And now it's time for the plants!
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Decide how you want to arrange them, and dig small holes with your fingers for the plants.
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Then gently put the plants in the soil.
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Spread some soil over the roots, and carefully pat down the soil so the plants are secure and won't fall over.
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If you have decorations for your little world, now's a good time to put those in.
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And now that it looks all awesome, lightly water the plants to get the water cycle started.
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And now it's time to close up the terrarium.
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If you're using a bottle, tape the top back on.
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We have a lid.
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And now all we have to do is put it where there's lots of light,
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but it won't be directly put in the terrarium will be soaked up by the plant's roots and the soil,
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but eventually, the sun will warm it up and turn it into water vapor.
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Then, when the water vapor gets a little cooler, it'll turn back into liquid water.
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That's when you'll probably see it sliding down the sides of the container to water the soil and roots again.
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Keep an eye on your terrarium for the first few weeks and months, as the plants adjust to their new space and water cycle.
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You might need to open it up and add a little more water, or move it to where there's more or less light.
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Once you establish a good spot and little world, it'll take care of itself!
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Terrariums can last for a really long time!
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Squeaks and I read about one that hasn't needed fresh water in more than 40 years!
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Have fun planting your terrarium and creating your own water cycle, and let us know how it turns out!
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Ask a grown -up to help you leave a comment down below, or send us an email to kids @scishow .com!
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Thanks, and we'll see you next time, here at the Fort!
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you
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这段视频共有 69 个句子、967 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 4:38。 说话人语速较快，每分钟约 209 个词，会出现较多连读和弱读。 83% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| soil 名词 | /sɔɪl/ | 土壤, 泥土 |
| vapor 名词 | /ˈveɪpɚ/ | 蒸氣 /蒸气 |
| container 名词 | /kənˈteɪ.nəɹ/ | 容器 |
| liquid 名词 | /ˈlɪk.wɪd/ | 液體 /液体, 液態 /液态 |
| charcoal 名词 | /ˈt͡ʃɑɹ.koʊl/ | 炭筆 /炭笔 |
| cloud 名词 | /ˈklaʊ̯d/ | йүн, 雲 /云 |
| sunlight 名词 | /ˈsʌnˌlaɪt/ | 陽光 /阳光, 日光 |
| decoration 名词 | /ˌdɛkəˈɹeɪʃən/ | 裝飾 /装饰 |
| finger 名词 | /ˈfɪŋɡɚ/ | 手指, 指頭 /指头 |
| carefully 副词 | /ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/ | 小心地 |
| establish 动词 | /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/ | 確定 /确定 |
| layer 名词 | /ˈleɪ̯ɚ/ | 層 /层 |
| pot 名词 | /pɑt/ | 鍋 /锅, 壺 /壶 |
| slide 名词 | /ˈslaɪ̯d/ | 滑梯 |
| breathe 动词 | /bɹiːð/ | 呼吸, 吸 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| warm up 动词 | /ˌwɔː(ɹ)m ˈʌp/ | 暖和（起來） /暖和（起来） |
| cool down 动词 | /kuːl ˈdaʊn/ | 冷卻 /冷却 |
| grow up 动词 | 長大 /长大 | |
| turn out 动词 | 原來 /原来 |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 22 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 you'll, you're, it'll。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “th” 音: breathe /bɹiːð/, gather /ˈɡæðɚ/
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: decoration /ˌdɛkəˈɹeɪʃən/, establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/, optional /ˈɑp.ʃə.nəl/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: decoration /ˌdɛkəˈɹeɪʃən/, terrarium /təˈɹɛɹ.i.əm/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 soil, vapor, container 这类单词。
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | is cut · is put · will be soaked |
| 用 “should” 提建议 should + 动词 — 表示应该做的事 | should also get · should get · should do |
| 用 “might / may” 表可能 might/may + 动词 — 有可能但不确定的事 | might see · might need |
| “will” 表将来 will + 动词 — 决定、承诺或预测 | will warm · will turn · will get |
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。