跟读练习: Why Do We Get Goosebumps? - 通过视频学习英语口语
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Squeaks and I were just out for a walk, and it sure is cold outside today!
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I’m still pretty chilly — I think it’s going to take a few minutes for my body to warm back up.
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Good observation, Squeaks!
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I have goosebumps all over my arms.
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Goosebumps are tiny bumps that can form all over your skin, mostly on your arms and legs.
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It’s a normal thing that happens sometimes when you’re cold, or when you’re having a strong feeling like if you’re scared.
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If you look closely at your arms and legs, you might see tiny hairs growing.
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Each of these hairs is surrounded by tiny muscles, and when you get goosebumps, these muscles pull together, or contract.
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When this happens, the muscles and skin around the hairs pull closer to your body, so the hairs stand up higher and you get those little bumps at the same time!
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Good guess!
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But you don’t get goosebumps from geese.
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We call them goosebumps because they look a little bit like a goose’s skin underneath the feathers.
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It’s kind of a silly name.
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Geese don’t even really get goosebumps — they might extend their feathers, but it’s not exactly the same.
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Some other kinds of animals do get goosebumps, though!
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Especially animals with fur.
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One of the most common reasons people and other animals get goosebumps is the temperature, or how warm or cold it is — like what just happened to me.
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When it’s very cold out, your body tries to stay warm.
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Think about what you do to keep warm in the cold: you might fold your arms, or curl up on your couch.
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When you do those things, you’re pulling your body as close together as possible to keep your heat close, and to kind of wrap yourself up so there’s something between you and the cold air outside.
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Goosebumps can help do both.
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The muscles around your hairs contract, pulling closer to your body to keep your heat close.
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At the same time, it pushes your hairs out to try to make a thicker layer between you and the cold — almost like a layer of fur!
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But since we humans don’t have fur, it doesn’t help as much as it would for an animal that does have fur.
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So next time, I should probably just wear a warmer jacket.
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There are other reasons that an animal might want to have a big, fluffy layer of fur, though.
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When animals are surprised or see something scary, like predators that might want to eat them, sometimes they’ll try to scare the predator off.
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If you’ve ever seen a cat suddenly puff up their fur when they’re surprised, that’s why!
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They’re trying to look so big and scary that nothing will want to mess with them.
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I wouldn’t want to mess with a scared cat either.
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People can get goosebumps when we’re scared, too.
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Our bodies are trying to made us look big and scary, just like that goose, even though we don’t have fur.
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Just imagine if I had a thick, furry coat all puffed up.
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I’d look really big, and I could probably scare off whatever was scaring me.
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What do you think, Squeaks?
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Squeaks? Haha, you surprised me, Squeaks!
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Now I have goosebumps all over again.
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Have you ever gotten goosebumps?
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What other ways could you use to keep yourself warm, or to make yourself look big and scary?
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Ask a grown-up help you to leave a comment below, or send us an email at [email protected].
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We’ll see you next time, here at the fort.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这段视频共有 41 个句子、599 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 2:50。 说话人语速较快，每分钟约 211 个词，会出现较多连读和弱读。 82% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| scare 动词 | /skɛɚ/ | 嚇唬 /吓唬, 使害怕 |
| muscle 名词 | /ˈmʌs.əl/ | 肌肉, 筋肉 |
| scary 形容词 | /ˈskɛə.ɹi/ | 恐怖 |
| layer 名词 | /ˈleɪ̯ɚ/ | 層 /层 |
| goose 名词 | /ɡus/ | 鵝 /鹅, 雁 |
| thick 形容词 | /θɪk/ | ху, 厚 |
| predator 名词 | /ˈpɹɛd.ə.tɚ/ | 掠食者, 天敵 /天敌 |
| feather 名词 | /ˈfɛðə/ | 羽毛, 羽 |
| fort 名词 | /fɔɹt/ | 要塞, 碉堡 |
| silly 形容词 | /ˈsɪl.i/ | 愚蠢, 笨 |
| coat 名词 | /ˈkoʊ̯t/ | 外衣, 大衣 |
| jacket 名词 | /ˈd͡ʒæk.ɪt/ | 夾克 /夹克, 上衣 |
| wrap 动词 | /ɹæp/ | 包裝 /包装, 包 |
| couch 名词 | /ˈkaʊ̯t͡ʃ/ | 沙發 /沙发, 長沙發椅 /长沙发椅 |
| observation 名词 | /ˌɑbzɚˈveɪʃn̩/ | 觀察 /观察 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 释义 |
|---|---|
| grow up 动词 | 長大 /长大 |
| stand up 动词 | 站起來 /站起来, 起來 /起来 |
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 用 “might / may” 表可能 might/may + 动词 — 有可能但不确定的事 | might see · might extend · might fold |
| 现在进行时 am/is/are + -ing — 此刻或近期正在发生的事 | you're having · you're pulling · They're trying |
| “will” 表将来 will + 动词 — 决定、承诺或预测 | they'll try · will want · We'll see |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 18 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 don't, you're, they're。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “th” 音: thick /θɪk/, feather /ˈfɛðə/, underneath /ˌʌndɚˈniθ/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 scare, muscle, scary 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。