跟读练习: How Do Our Bodies Move? - 通过视频学习英语口语

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Hey there!
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I'm sure you know, like Squeaks here does, that exercise is a really important part of keeping your body healthy and strong.
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And whether you're running a race, playing football, or just doing a whole bunch of jumping jacks, exercise means moving.
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And one SciShow Kids viewer named Autumn wants to know, how does my body move?
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Really awesome question, Autumn!
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Your body is made up of lots of different parts that all have very special jobs.
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To help keep things organized, scientists sometimes group the parts of our bodies into what we call body systems.
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And all of the parts in a certain body system work together to accomplish a goal.
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When it comes to making you move, it takes three body systems working together to get the job done.
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They're called the muscular system, the skeletal system, and the nervous system.
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Ready to check them out?
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Let's start with the muscular system.
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Your muscular system is made of, well, muscles.
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Muscle is the stuff — what scientists call tissue — that allows you to move around.
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Muscles don't just help you to swing a bat or jump to catch a ball.
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Some muscles help you chew, wiggle your nose, stick out your tongue, or even blink.
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And some muscles, like the ones in your back and legs, just help to hold your body upright So you can walk, run, or simply sit.
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Muscle tissue is pretty flexible, kind of like thick rubber or elastic.
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And also like rubber, it can stretch and change shape.
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Let's see how.
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When you bend your arm at the elbow, a muscle called your bicep contracts or squeezes together.
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When it contracts, its shape gets shorter and thicker.
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When you straighten your arm, your bicep relaxes.
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When a muscle relaxes, its shape gets longer and thinner.
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But muscles contracting and relaxing aren't enough to make us move.
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They need to be attached to another part of our body to get the job done.
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And that's where the next system, the skeletal system, comes in.
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The main part of your skeletal system, the skeleton, is made of all your hard, sturdy bones.
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Although we sometimes think of skeletons as dead things, especially around Halloween, that's actually not true.
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Your bones are very much alive, and they have many jobs.
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One of the most important jobs is to support or hold up the rest of your body, and this includes your muscles.
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Strong cords, called tendons, attach your muscles to your bones.
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When a muscle contracts or relaxes, it pulls the bone into a different position, which makes it move.
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But how do your muscles know they're supposed to move at all?
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Well, they know because they're under control of your nervous system.
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The most important part of your nervous system is your brain.
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Your brain is kind of like your body's command center.
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When you decide to move, your brain sends signals to your muscles, giving them specific instructions on what to do.
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Say you're trying to pick up a snack.
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Your brain sends signals to the muscles in your hand and wrist, telling some of them to contract.
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As the muscles contract, they pull the bones in your fingers, so that you can grab the apple.
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Then your brain sends more signals to your arm muscles, telling them to move the bones in your arm, so that you can bring the apple right to your mouth.
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Snack accomplished!
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So it takes the actions of three body systems to help us move — the muscular, skeletal, and nervous systems.
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Autumn, thanks for watching SciShow Kids and asking such a great question!
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And if anyone else has a question for any of us here at the fort, let us know by leaving a comment or emailing us at kids at thescishow .com.
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Thanks guys, see ya later!
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本课的词汇与口语要点

这段视频共有 47 个句子、641 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 3:11。 说话人语速较快，每分钟约 202 个词，会出现较多连读和弱读。 82% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。

视频中的重点词汇

视频中 15 个不太常见的单词，附发音和释义：

  • muscle /ˈmʌs.əl/ (名词) — 肌肉, 筋肉. A contractile form of tissue which animals use to effect movement.
  • bone /boʊn/ (名词) — гўдў, гўдўзы. A composite material consisting largely of calcium phosphate and collagen and making up the skeleton of most vertebrates.
  • relax /ɹɪˈlæks/ (动词) — 鬆開 /松开, 放鬆 /放松. To make something loose.
  • muscular /ˈmʌs.kjʊl.ə/ (形容词) — 肌肉的. Of, relating to, or connected with muscles.
  • thick /θɪk/ (形容词) — ху, 厚. Relatively great in extent from one surface to the opposite in its smallest solid dimension.
  • tissue /ˈtɪʃ.(j)u/ (名词) — 纸巾. Thin, woven, gauzelike fabric.
  • rubber /ˈɹʌbɚ/ (名词) — 橡膠 /橡胶, 橡皮. Pliable material derived from the sap of the rubber tree; a hydrocarbon biopolymer of isoprene.
  • scientist /ˈsaɪəntəst/ (名词) — 科學家 /科学家. One whose activities make use of the scientific method to answer questions regarding the measurable universe. A scientist may be involved in original research…
  • accomplish /əˈkɑm.plɪʃ/ (动词) — 達到 /达到. To finish successfully.
  • snack /snæk/ (名词) — 零食, 小吃. A light meal.
  • skeleton /ˈskɛlətən/ (名词) — 骨骼, 骸骨. The system that provides support to an organism, where in vertebrates it is internal and consists of bones and cartilage, and external in some other animals.
  • attach /əˈtæt͡ʃ/ (动词) — 附上, 附. To fasten, to join to (literally and figuratively).
  • finger /ˈfɪŋɡɚ/ (名词) — 手指, 指頭 /指头. A slender jointed extremity of the human hand, (often) exclusive of the thumb, and the corresponding part, irrespective of including a thumb, in many other…
  • thin /ˈθɪn/ (形容词) — бә, 薄. Having little thickness or extent from one surface to its opposite.
  • fort /fɔɹt/ (名词) — 要塞, 碉堡. A fortified defensive structure stationed with troops.

视频中出现的短语动词

  • pick up (动词) — 拾取, 撿 /捡. To lift; to grasp and raise.
  • stick out (动词) — 突出, 凸出. To protrude.

需要注意的发音

说话人用了 8 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 they're, you're, aren't。请按听到的简短形式来说。

  • “th” 音: thick /θɪk/, thin /ˈθɪn/
  • “sh” 和 “zh” 音: tissue /ˈtɪʃ.(j)u/, accomplish /əˈkɑm.plɪʃ/, instruction /ɪnˈstɹʌkʃən/

如何用这段视频练习

  1. 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
  2. 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
  3. 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 muscle, bone, relax 这类单词。

视频中的语法

说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：

结构视频中的用法
被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的is made · be attached
最高级 the -est / the most … — 一组中最高或最低的the most important
现在进行时 am/is/are + -ing — 此刻或近期正在发生的事you're running · you're trying

什么是跟读法？

跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟读法: 阅读完整分步指南 →