تدريب Shadowing: How Do Our Bodies Move? - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو

جارٍ إنشاء الدرس...
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Hey there!
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I'm sure you know, like Squeaks here does, that exercise is a really important part of keeping your body healthy and strong.
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And whether you're running a race, playing football, or just doing a whole bunch of jumping jacks, exercise means moving.
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And one SciShow Kids viewer named Autumn wants to know, how does my body move?
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Really awesome question, Autumn!
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Your body is made up of lots of different parts that all have very special jobs.
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To help keep things organized, scientists sometimes group the parts of our bodies into what we call body systems.
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And all of the parts in a certain body system work together to accomplish a goal.
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When it comes to making you move, it takes three body systems working together to get the job done.
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They're called the muscular system, the skeletal system, and the nervous system.
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Ready to check them out?
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Let's start with the muscular system.
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Your muscular system is made of, well, muscles.
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Muscle is the stuff — what scientists call tissue — that allows you to move around.
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Muscles don't just help you to swing a bat or jump to catch a ball.
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Some muscles help you chew, wiggle your nose, stick out your tongue, or even blink.
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And some muscles, like the ones in your back and legs, just help to hold your body upright So you can walk, run, or simply sit.
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Muscle tissue is pretty flexible, kind of like thick rubber or elastic.
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And also like rubber, it can stretch and change shape.
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Let's see how.
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When you bend your arm at the elbow, a muscle called your bicep contracts or squeezes together.
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When it contracts, its shape gets shorter and thicker.
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When you straighten your arm, your bicep relaxes.
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When a muscle relaxes, its shape gets longer and thinner.
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But muscles contracting and relaxing aren't enough to make us move.
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They need to be attached to another part of our body to get the job done.
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And that's where the next system, the skeletal system, comes in.
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The main part of your skeletal system, the skeleton, is made of all your hard, sturdy bones.
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Although we sometimes think of skeletons as dead things, especially around Halloween, that's actually not true.
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Your bones are very much alive, and they have many jobs.
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One of the most important jobs is to support or hold up the rest of your body, and this includes your muscles.
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Strong cords, called tendons, attach your muscles to your bones.
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When a muscle contracts or relaxes, it pulls the bone into a different position, which makes it move.
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But how do your muscles know they're supposed to move at all?
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Well, they know because they're under control of your nervous system.
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The most important part of your nervous system is your brain.
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Your brain is kind of like your body's command center.
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When you decide to move, your brain sends signals to your muscles, giving them specific instructions on what to do.
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Say you're trying to pick up a snack.
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Your brain sends signals to the muscles in your hand and wrist, telling some of them to contract.
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As the muscles contract, they pull the bones in your fingers, so that you can grab the apple.
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Then your brain sends more signals to your arm muscles, telling them to move the bones in your arm, so that you can bring the apple right to your mouth.
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Snack accomplished!
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So it takes the actions of three body systems to help us move — the muscular, skeletal, and nervous systems.
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Autumn, thanks for watching SciShow Kids and asking such a great question!
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And if anyone else has a question for any of us here at the fort, let us know by leaving a comment or emailing us at kids at thescishow .com.
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Thanks guys, see ya later!
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المفردات وملاحظات التحدث لهذا الدرس

يحتوي هذا الفيديو على 47 جملة و641 كلمة للتدرب على الترديد. مدة الكلام 3:11. يتكلم المتحدث بسرعة، نحو 202 كلمة في الدقيقة، لذا ستسمع كثيرًا من وصل الكلمات واختزال الأصوات. 82% من الكلمات ضمن أكثر 3,000 كلمة شيوعًا في الإنجليزية، ويُستحسن مراجعة الباقي قبل البدء.

أهم المفردات في هذا الفيديو

15 كلمة أقل شيوعًا من الفيديو، مع النطق والمعنى:

  • muscle /ˈmʌs.əl/ (اسم) — عَضَلَة. A contractile form of tissue which animals use to effect movement.
  • bone /boʊn/ (اسم) — عَظْم, عضم. A composite material consisting largely of calcium phosphate and collagen and making up the skeleton of most vertebrates.
  • relax /ɹɪˈlæks/ (فعل) — اِسْتَرْخَى. To make something loose.
  • muscular /ˈmʌs.kjʊl.ə/ (صفة) — عَضَلِيّ. Of, relating to, or connected with muscles.
  • thick /θɪk/ (صفة) — سَمِيك, غَلِيظ. Relatively great in extent from one surface to the opposite in its smallest solid dimension.
  • tissue /ˈtɪʃ.(j)u/ (اسم) — مَنْدِيل, مِنْدِيل. Thin, woven, gauzelike fabric.
  • rubber /ˈɹʌbɚ/ (اسم) — مَطَّاط. Pliable material derived from the sap of the rubber tree; a hydrocarbon biopolymer of isoprene.
  • scientist /ˈsaɪəntəst/ (اسم) — عَالِم, عَالِمَة. One whose activities make use of the scientific method to answer questions regarding the measurable universe. A scientist may be involved in original research…
  • accomplish /əˈkɑm.plɪʃ/ (فعل) — أَدَّى. To finish successfully.
  • snack /snæk/ (اسم) — وَجْبَة خَفِيفَة, لُمْجَة. A light meal.
  • skeleton /ˈskɛlətən/ (اسم) — هَيْكَل عَظْمِيّ, هَيْكَل. The system that provides support to an organism, where in vertebrates it is internal and consists of bones and cartilage, and external in some other animals.
  • attach /əˈtæt͡ʃ/ (فعل) — رَبَطَ. To fasten, to join to (literally and figuratively).
  • finger /ˈfɪŋɡɚ/ (اسم) — إِصْبَع, بَنَان. A slender jointed extremity of the human hand, (often) exclusive of the thumb, and the corresponding part, irrespective of including a thumb, in many other…
  • thin /ˈθɪn/ (صفة) — رَفِيع, رَقِيق. Having little thickness or extent from one surface to its opposite.
  • fort /fɔɹt/ (اسم) — قَلْعَة, حِصْن. A fortified defensive structure stationed with troops.

الأفعال المركبة التي ستسمعها

  • pick up (فعل) — قَطَفَ. To lift; to grasp and raise.

نطق يحتاج إلى انتباه

يستخدم المتحدث 8 من الصيغ المختصرة، مثل they're, you're, aren't. انطقها بصيغتها القصيرة كما تسمعها.

  • أصوات “th”: thick /θɪk/, thin /ˈθɪn/
  • أصوات “sh” و“zh”: tissue /ˈtɪʃ.(j)u/, accomplish /əˈkɑm.plɪʃ/, instruction /ɪnˈstɹʌkʃən/

كيف تتدرب بهذا الفيديو

  1. استمع إلى الفيديو كاملًا مرة واحدة دون أن تتكلم، ودوّن الكلمات التي لا تعرفها.
  2. ابدأ بسرعة 0.75×، وردّد جملة جملة، ثم عُد إلى السرعة العادية عندما يصبح الأمر سهلًا.
  3. سجّل صوتك وقارنه بالأصل، مع الانتباه إلى كلمات مثل muscle, bone, relax.

القواعد في هذا الفيديو

أكثر التراكيب التي يستخدمها المتحدث، مع العبارات نفسها من الفيديو:

التركيبفي الفيديو
المبني للمجهول be + اسم المفعول — التركيز على ما يحدث لا على من يفعلهis made · be attached
صيغة التفضيل the -est / the most … — الأعلى أو الأدنى في مجموعةthe most important
المضارع المستمر am/is/are + -ing — شيء يحدث الآن أو في هذه الفترةyou're running · you're trying

ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟

التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.

تقنية الشادوينغ: اقرأ الدليل الكامل خطوة بخطوة →