تدريب Shadowing: Build a Tiny Plant World! | Science Project for Kids - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو
جارٍ إنشاء الدرس...
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Squeaks and I are making a tiny world!
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With just a few plants and some soil, we're going to make a small garden that can take care of itself.
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It's called a terrarium.
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The kind of terrarium we're making is a closed terrarium, which means it's covered and you don't need to water it.
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Plants need soil, sunlight, and water to live.
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The plants in a terrarium have soil, and the container is clear so sunlight gets to them.
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But how do plants in a closed terrarium live The plants in a closed terrarium get water because of the water cycle.
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When it rains outside, a lot of the water goes into puddles, rivers, lakes, and the oceans.
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Then the sun warms up some of that water, and it changes into what's called water vapor.
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The water we see in rivers, lakes, and oceans is a liquid.
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But water vapor is a gas, like the air we breathe.
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You can't see water when it's vapor, but it's still there.
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Once the liquid water changes into water vapor, it rises up into the sky.
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and the water vapor turns back into a liquid.
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The little droplets of water gather into clouds.
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And when there's a lot of water in a cloud, it falls back to the ground as rain.
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And then the cycle starts all over again.
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The same thing is going to happen in our terrarium, but on a smaller scale.
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The sun will warm up the water in the terrarium, but when it turns into water vapor, the vapor will stay inside the container.
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Then when it cools down a little, the water vapor will turn back into a liquid.
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You might see the water dripping down the sides of the container as it falls back down to the soil, like a tiny version of a rain shower.
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The cycle starts all over again.
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So that's how the plants in our terrarium will get water: the water cycle.
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You're right, Squeaks!
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We can talk about it all day, but let's get to building it so we can see it with our own eyes.
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Here's what you'll need for your terrarium.
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First, you'll need a clear container.
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It has to be clear to let the sun in.
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We're going to use this big glass jar, but you can also use a clean 2 -liter soda bottle, or an empty fish tank, or whatever you want.
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You should also get some plants, of course.
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You'll want to use plants that like an environment with lots of water vapor in the air.
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ferns or mosses are good for that.
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And you might need to have a grown -up buy these at a store.
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You should get some good potting soil, too.
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You'll also need some small rocks and a little bit of charcoal.
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They'll help the water stay clean.
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Finally, you can also get some small decorations if you want.
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Okay, if you're using a plastic bottle, the first thing you should do is cut the top off.
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Ask a grown -up for help with this part.
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Next, wash whatever container you're using with soap and water, and then dry it with a clean towel.
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Now that your container is ready, you can start constructing your tiny world.
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First, you should put about two to two and a half centimeters of little rocks at the bottom.
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This helps the water drain out of the soil, so it's easier for it to turn into water vapor.
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On top of that, add a layer of charcoal, about one and a half centimeters deep.
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The charcoal is optional, but if you want your terrarium to last a long time, it's a good idea because it'll keep the water clean, and clean water makes healthier plants.
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Next, fill about half your container with soil.
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And now it's time for the plants!
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Decide how you want to arrange them, and dig small holes with your fingers for the plants.
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Then gently put the plants in the soil.
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Spread some soil over the roots, and carefully pat down the soil so the plants are secure and won't fall over.
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If you have decorations for your little world, now's a good time to put those in.
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And now that it looks all awesome, lightly water the plants to get the water cycle started.
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And now it's time to close up the terrarium.
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If you're using a bottle, tape the top back on.
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We have a lid.
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And now all we have to do is put it where there's lots of light,
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but it won't be directly put in the terrarium will be soaked up by the plant's roots and the soil,
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but eventually, the sun will warm it up and turn it into water vapor.
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Then, when the water vapor gets a little cooler, it'll turn back into liquid water.
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That's when you'll probably see it sliding down the sides of the container to water the soil and roots again.
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Keep an eye on your terrarium for the first few weeks and months, as the plants adjust to their new space and water cycle.
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You might need to open it up and add a little more water, or move it to where there's more or less light.
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Once you establish a good spot and little world, it'll take care of itself!
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Terrariums can last for a really long time!
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Squeaks and I read about one that hasn't needed fresh water in more than 40 years!
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Have fun planting your terrarium and creating your own water cycle, and let us know how it turns out!
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Ask a grown -up to help you leave a comment down below, or send us an email to kids @scishow .com!
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Thanks, and we'll see you next time, here at the Fort!
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you
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المفردات وملاحظات التحدث لهذا الدرس
يحتوي هذا الفيديو على 69 جملة و967 كلمة للتدرب على الترديد. مدة الكلام 4:38. يتكلم المتحدث بسرعة، نحو 209 كلمة في الدقيقة، لذا ستسمع كثيرًا من وصل الكلمات واختزال الأصوات. 83% من الكلمات ضمن أكثر 3,000 كلمة شيوعًا في الإنجليزية، ويُستحسن مراجعة الباقي قبل البدء.
أهم المفردات في هذا الفيديو
15 كلمة من الفيديو تستحق التعلّم، مع النطق والمعنى:
| الكلمة | النطق | المعنى |
|---|---|---|
| soil اسم | /sɔɪl/ | تُرْبَة, أَرْض |
| vapor اسم | /ˈveɪpɚ/ | بُخَار |
| container اسم | /kənˈteɪ.nəɹ/ | حَاوِيَة |
| liquid اسم | /ˈlɪk.wɪd/ | سَائِل, مَائِع |
| charcoal اسم | /ˈt͡ʃɑɹ.koʊl/ | فَحْم الْخَشَب |
| cloud اسم | /ˈklaʊ̯d/ | سَحَاب, غَيْم |
| sunlight اسم | /ˈsʌnˌlaɪt/ | ضَوْء شَمْس, نُور شَمْس |
| decoration اسم | /ˌdɛkəˈɹeɪʃən/ | زينة |
| finger اسم | /ˈfɪŋɡɚ/ | إِصْبَع, بَنَان |
| carefully ظرف | /ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/ | بِعِنَايَة |
| layer اسم | /ˈleɪ̯ɚ/ | طَبَقَة |
| pot اسم | /pɑt/ | قِدْر, إِنَاء |
| slide اسم | /ˈslaɪ̯d/ | زَحْلِيقَة, مَزْلَقَة |
| breathe فعل | /bɹiːð/ | تَنَفَّسَ |
| soap اسم | /soʊp/ | صَابُون, صابونة |
الأفعال المركبة التي ستسمعها
| الكلمة | النطق | المعنى |
|---|---|---|
| warm up فعل | /ˌwɔː(ɹ)m ˈʌp/ | اِسْتَدْفَأَ |
| grow up فعل | كَبُرَ, ْنَشَأ |
نطق يحتاج إلى انتباه
يستخدم المتحدث 22 من الصيغ المختصرة، مثل you'll, you're, it'll. انطقها بصيغتها القصيرة كما تسمعها.
- أصوات “th”: breathe /bɹiːð/, gather /ˈɡæðɚ/
- أصوات “sh” و“zh”: decoration /ˌdɛkəˈɹeɪʃən/, establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/, optional /ˈɑp.ʃə.nəl/
- الكلمات الطويلة — انتبه لموضع النبر: decoration /ˌdɛkəˈɹeɪʃən/, terrarium /təˈɹɛɹ.i.əm/
كيف تتدرب بهذا الفيديو
- استمع إلى الفيديو كاملًا مرة واحدة دون أن تتكلم، ودوّن الكلمات التي لا تعرفها.
- ابدأ بسرعة 0.75×، وردّد جملة جملة، ثم عُد إلى السرعة العادية عندما يصبح الأمر سهلًا.
- سجّل صوتك وقارنه بالأصل، مع الانتباه إلى كلمات مثل soil, vapor, container.
القواعد في هذا الفيديو
أكثر التراكيب التي يستخدمها المتحدث، مع العبارات نفسها من الفيديو:
| التركيب | في الفيديو |
|---|---|
| المبني للمجهول be + اسم المفعول — التركيز على ما يحدث لا على من يفعله | is cut · is put · will be soaked |
| النصيحة بـ “should” should + فعل — قول ما يُستحسن فعله | should also get · should get · should do |
| الاحتمال بـ “might / may” might/may + فعل — شيء ممكن لكنه غير مؤكد | might see · might need |
| المستقبل بـ “will” will + فعل — قرار أو وعد أو توقع | will warm · will turn · will get |
ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟
التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.