シャドーイング練習: Why Do We Get Goosebumps? - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
レッスンを作成中...
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Squeaks and I were just out for a walk, and it sure is cold outside today!
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I’m still pretty chilly — I think it’s going to take a few minutes for my body to warm back up.
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Good observation, Squeaks!
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I have goosebumps all over my arms.
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Goosebumps are tiny bumps that can form all over your skin, mostly on your arms and legs.
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It’s a normal thing that happens sometimes when you’re cold, or when you’re having a strong feeling like if you’re scared.
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If you look closely at your arms and legs, you might see tiny hairs growing.
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Each of these hairs is surrounded by tiny muscles, and when you get goosebumps, these muscles pull together, or contract.
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When this happens, the muscles and skin around the hairs pull closer to your body, so the hairs stand up higher and you get those little bumps at the same time!
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Good guess!
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But you don’t get goosebumps from geese.
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We call them goosebumps because they look a little bit like a goose’s skin underneath the feathers.
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It’s kind of a silly name.
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Geese don’t even really get goosebumps — they might extend their feathers, but it’s not exactly the same.
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Some other kinds of animals do get goosebumps, though!
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Especially animals with fur.
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One of the most common reasons people and other animals get goosebumps is the temperature, or how warm or cold it is — like what just happened to me.
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When it’s very cold out, your body tries to stay warm.
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Think about what you do to keep warm in the cold: you might fold your arms, or curl up on your couch.
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When you do those things, you’re pulling your body as close together as possible to keep your heat close, and to kind of wrap yourself up so there’s something between you and the cold air outside.
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Goosebumps can help do both.
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The muscles around your hairs contract, pulling closer to your body to keep your heat close.
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At the same time, it pushes your hairs out to try to make a thicker layer between you and the cold — almost like a layer of fur!
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But since we humans don’t have fur, it doesn’t help as much as it would for an animal that does have fur.
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So next time, I should probably just wear a warmer jacket.
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There are other reasons that an animal might want to have a big, fluffy layer of fur, though.
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When animals are surprised or see something scary, like predators that might want to eat them, sometimes they’ll try to scare the predator off.
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If you’ve ever seen a cat suddenly puff up their fur when they’re surprised, that’s why!
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They’re trying to look so big and scary that nothing will want to mess with them.
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I wouldn’t want to mess with a scared cat either.
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People can get goosebumps when we’re scared, too.
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Our bodies are trying to made us look big and scary, just like that goose, even though we don’t have fur.
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Just imagine if I had a thick, furry coat all puffed up.
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I’d look really big, and I could probably scare off whatever was scaring me.
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What do you think, Squeaks?
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Squeaks? Haha, you surprised me, Squeaks!
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Now I have goosebumps all over again.
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Have you ever gotten goosebumps?
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What other ways could you use to keep yourself warm, or to make yourself look big and scary?
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Ask a grown-up help you to leave a comment below, or send us an email at [email protected].
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We’ll see you next time, here at the fort.
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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が41文、単語が599語あります。 音声の長さは2:50です。 話す速さは速く、1分あたり約211語です。音のつながりや弱く発音される音が多くなります。 単語の82%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれます。残りは練習の前に確認しておきましょう。
この動画の重要語彙
動画に出てくる覚えておきたい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| scare 動詞 | /skɛɚ/ | 威かす, 驚かす |
| muscle 名詞 | /ˈmʌs.əl/ | 筋肉, 筋 |
| scary 形容詞 | /ˈskɛə.ɹi/ | 怖い |
| layer 名詞 | /ˈleɪ̯ɚ/ | 層, 膜 |
| goose 名詞 | /ɡus/ | 鵝鳥, 雁 |
| thick 形容詞 | /θɪk/ | 太い, 厚い |
| predator 名詞 | /ˈpɹɛd.ə.tɚ/ | 天敵 |
| feather 名詞 | /ˈfɛðə/ | 羽 |
| fort 名詞 | /fɔɹt/ | 要塞 |
| silly 形容詞 | /ˈsɪl.i/ | 馬鹿げた, 他愛ない |
| coat 名詞 | /ˈkoʊ̯t/ | コート, 外套 |
| jacket 名詞 | /ˈd͡ʒæk.ɪt/ | ジャケット |
| wrap 動詞 | /ɹæp/ | 包む, 包装する |
| couch 名詞 | /ˈkaʊ̯t͡ʃ/ | カウチ, ソファー |
| observation 名詞 | /ˌɑbzɚˈveɪʃn̩/ | 観察 |
動画に出てくる句動詞
| 単語 | 意味 |
|---|---|
| grow up 動詞 | 成長する, 大人に成る |
| stand up 動詞 | 立ち上がる |
この動画の文法
話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。
| 文型 | 動画での表現 |
|---|---|
| 「might / may」による可能性 might/may + 動詞 — 起こりうるが確実ではないこと | might see · might extend · might fold |
| 現在進行形 am/is/are + -ing — 今まさに、または最近起きていること | you're having · you're pulling · They're trying |
| 「will」の未来表現 will + 動詞 — その場の決定、約束、予測 | they'll try · will want · We'll see |
注意したい発音
話し手はdon't, you're, they'reなど、短縮形や弱形を18回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。
- 「th」の音: thick /θɪk/, feather /ˈfɛðə/, underneath /ˌʌndɚˈniθ/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- まず0.75倍速で一文ずつシャドーイングし、慣れてきたら通常の速度に戻します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。scare, muscle, scaryなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。