シャドーイング練習: How to Ace an Interview: 5 Tips from a Harvard Career Advisor - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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67 文
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In order to prepare for an interview, it's important to research in three areas.
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First area that you want to research is you.
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You want to research yourself.
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Basically a summary of your qualifications, your relevant qualifications.
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You want to ask yourself how you can meet the employer's needs, what you bring to the table, and how you can add value.
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Then you also want to make sure that you research the position the position.
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You want to have a clear understanding of what an XYZ does.
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Okay, again, meeting the needs of the position.
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You also want to research the employer.
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So they might say, why do you want to work for us?
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What do you know about us?
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So who's the CEO, history, products, services, competitors, etc. And then finally, I would say that you want to research the industry as well.
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So you, the position, the organization, and the industry.
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You want to make sure that you've prepared a series of short relevant stories about yourself.
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It's something called the show and tell method.
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So you don't just want to say, like, these are my skills.
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You want to be able to demonstrate, to have short relevant stories that have a beginning, a middle, and an end.
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I would recommend that you practice.
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At the very least, lock yourself in a room with a mirror and practice responses to commonly asked questions.
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You don't want to script it.
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You're not an actress.
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You want it to be conversational, but you want to hear yourself say these responses out loud.
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And if possible, I would recommend that you set up a mock interview with a professional career counselor.
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You want to make sure that you arrive on time.
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I generally say arrive 30 minutes in the vicinity, but about 10 to 15 minutes to announce yourself in the reception area.
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Then once you meet your interviewer, first impressions matter.
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And studies say it takes about seven seconds.
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A prospective employer is immediately sizing you up.
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He or she is deciding, do they like you?
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Are you intelligent?
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Are you kind?
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You want to have good eye contact.
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You want to have a nice strong handshake.
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And you basically want to be positive, confident, and upbeat.
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So watch your energy level.
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You want to be authentic and genuine, but most people need to turn up the volume slightly.
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There are basically three types of interviews.
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Some common interviews are now behavioral interviews.
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They begin with questions like, tell me about a time when about a time
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when you were in a team and things went really well or things didn't go so well.
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You might have a technical interview.
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This might be perhaps you're going for a software engineering position.
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You might walk into the interview and they say, don't sit down, and they direct you to a whiteboard, give you a marker, and they want you to solve some algorithms.
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Perhaps you will have a case interview if you're interviewing with consulting firms, so you want to be well prepared for those in terms of practicing case questions.
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Telephone and Skype interviews are becoming more and more common, particularly for initial interviews.
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With a telephone interview, if you can get a landline, that's best.
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If not, make sure everything is charged up.
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You also want to make sure that you're in a quiet environment and that no one is going to disturb you.
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So the advantage is you don't have to worry about what you're wearing or what you look like.
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And you can have lots of notes, but you want to be organized.
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You want to make sure that you pace yourself, the tone, your articulation, that the energy comes forth within the telephone call.
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With a Skype interview, again, you want to test your equipment, make sure everything is working properly.
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You need to think about what you're wearing because you're going to be on camera, have something colorful, watch the whites,
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the blacks, the patterns, etc. Watch the lighting in terms of like fluorescent lighting with a Skype interview.
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And even though it might be your natural inclination to look at the screen, it's important to look at the camera.
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That's how you'll be making eye contact.
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And then finally with a Skype interview, I would watch your background, be very much aware of your background.
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So at the end of the interview I would recommend that you establish next steps.
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Some employers will tell you what the next steps are but
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if they don't it's perfectly fine to ask what are the next steps.
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I would also recommend
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that you have a closing statement at the end of the interview to let the interviewer know
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that you're very interested in the position and why you would be a great fit and match.
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Then in terms of once the interview is over Of course you want to send some type of thank you.
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It's probably going to be an email, but depending upon your audience, could be a short thank you note.
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In your thank you, you want to make sure, of course, that you thank the interviewer for their time, but also it's an opportunity to reiterate your interest and your qualifications.
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I recommend that you send the thank you within 24 to 48 hours.
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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が67文、単語が886語あります。 音声の長さは5:04です。 話す速さは1分あたり約175語で、日常会話に近い自然なペースです。 単語の87%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれるため、語彙は分かりやすいです。
この動画の重要語彙
動画に出てくる覚えておきたい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| telephone 名詞 | /ˈtɛləˌfoʊn/ | 電話 |
| employer 名詞 | /ɪmˈplɔɪə/ | 雇用者 |
| qualification 名詞 | /ˌkwɑlɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/ | 資格 |
| interviewer 名詞 | /ˈɪntɚvjuɚ/ | インタビュアー, 会見者 |
| arrive 動詞 | /əˈɹaɪv/ | 着く, 到着する |
| tone 名詞 | /ˈtəʊn/ | トーン |
| mirror 名詞 | /ˈmiɹɚ/ | 鏡, 姿見 |
| actress 名詞 | /ˈæk.tɹɪs/ | 女優 |
| skill 名詞 | /skɪl/ | 腕, 技 |
| solve 動詞 | /sɒlv/ | 解決する |
| pace 名詞 | /peɪs/ | 歩幅 |
| genuine 形容詞 | /ˈd͡ʒɛn.juˌɪn/ | 本物の |
| summary 名詞 | /ˈsʌm.ə.ɹi/ | 要約, 概要 |
| script 名詞 | /skɹɪpt/ | 文書, 文章 |
| impression 名詞 | /ɪmˈpɹɛʃn̩/ | 印象 |
動画に出てくる句動詞
| 単語 | 意味 |
|---|---|
| sit down 動詞 | 座る, 腰掛ける |
注意したい発音
話し手はyou're, don't, didn'tなど、短縮形や弱形を16回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。
- 「th」の音: authentic /ɔˈθɛn.tɪk/, algorithm /ˈælɡəɹɪðm̩/
- 「sh」と「zh」の音: qualification /ˌkwɑlɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/, establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/, impression /ɪmˈpɹɛʃn̩/, reception /ɹɪˈsɛp.ʃn̩/, articulation /ɑɹˌtɪk.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/
- 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: qualification /ˌkwɑlɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/, intelligent /ɪnˈtɛlɪd͡ʒənt/, behavioral /bɪˈheɪvjəɹəl/, competitor /kəmˈpɛt.ɪ.tɚ/, vicinity /vəˈsɪnəti/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- まず0.75倍速で一文ずつシャドーイングし、慣れてきたら通常の速度に戻します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。telephone, employer, qualificationなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。