シャドーイング練習: How to Learn Chinese (Mandarin) On Your Own for FREE - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

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My name is Brian Wiles, and in this video, I'm going to show you the best way to learn Mandarin on your own.
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Together, we're going to create a daily learning routine that covers all the major elements of learning Mandarin.
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Tones, vocabulary, grammar, listening, speaking, and reading and writing skills.
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I'll show you the best free resources for building each of these skills based on your current level of Mandarin, and then we'll create a daily learning routine that meets your goals and needs as a student.
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Let's get started core learning.
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At the outset, it's important that you develop a core understanding of how Mandarin works as a language.
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And to do that, I recommend that you use this comprehensive video course from Mandarin Corner.
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It's free, it's high quality, and it follows something called the HSK curriculum.
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What's that?
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It's a program based on six standardized tests that help learners gauge their proficiency in Mandarin.
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And as you'll see throughout this video, it's a very useful ladder for building your comprehension.
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There's also an official set of HSK textbooks that can be very handy for reviewing and studying on your own, and most library systems in the US keep a handful of these books in stock.
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And I'll also mention that for anyone specifically interested in learning traditional Chinese characters, i .e., the ones that are used in Taiwan, Hong Kong, and most of the Chinese diaspora,
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there's an excellent curriculum based on the TACFIL tests, and I would recommend using this series of textbooks if you plan on taking those exams.
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Mastering Tones As you're probably aware, Mandarin is a tonal language, which means that words and syllables are pronounced with a specific pitch.
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As you can see or hear, Mandarin has four standard tones and one neutral tone that's spoken with less emphasis.
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And these marks, called pinion, are used to notate those tones in Mandarin learning materials.
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As a beginner, you'll want to start familiarizing yourself with pinion and the tone system from day one.
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And to do that, I recommend using these two videos.
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They'll guide you through pronouncing the various patterns individually, and help you start to string words and sentences together.
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As you'll see, the tone system isn't complicated.
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You can learn the ropes in about 10 minutes.
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What makes it challenging is all physiological, learning to distinguish between the various sounds and reproduce them accurately.
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And that can take months, so give yourself time to adapt.
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Speaking Skills As you develop your ear for tones, it's extremely useful to learn with a native Mandarin speaker, someone who can correct your mistakes and help you start to make real conversation.
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And to do that, you can seek out a native speaker in your area, or do a language exchange online, i .e.
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you teach them and they teach you, or learn with a tutor.
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And my favorite language tutoring platform is Preply.
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Lessons on Preply are one -to -one, it's just you and your tutor for 50 minutes, which means that you're learning at exactly your pace and your level.
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And if you use one of the HSK courses that I mentioned earlier, your tutor will be able to guide you through every question and every moment of, wait, what the heck is this?
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Or you can take the more freeform approach and simply start making conversation together.
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Learn to introduce yourself or order food at a restaurant or talk about movies, food, culture, whatever.
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Each session is about your current needs as a student, which means you'll learn much faster, and in my experience, enjoy the process a heck of a lot more.
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If you want to try Preply, use the code BRIAN50 and get half off your first lesson, and then afterwards leave a comment below and let me know how it went.
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Vocabulary If you want to speak fluent Mandarin, it's essential that you build a wide vocabulary of words and phrases.
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And the simplest way to do that is by using flashcards.
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There are thousands of flashcard tools out there, but I recommend that you use a program called Anki.
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It's completely free on a PC or Mac, and you can use the browser version for free on your phone.
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Like the courses we talked about, Mandarin flashcard decks are often aligned with the HSK curriculum.
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And to build your vocabulary, you should use this series of flashcard decks based on your current level.
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Each card includes native audio and pinyon so you can practice proper pronunciation as you memorize new words.
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I would also recommend that you use this dictionary, Pleco, to define any new words that you come across.
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Pleco has a very useful feature called Live OCR
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that lets you use your phone's camera to scan Chinese characters and define them individually.
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Trust me, this will save you an unbelievable amount of time in both the short run
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and the long run for reasons that we'll talk about in the reading and writing section of this video.
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Mastering Mandarin Grammar One of the pleasant surprises of learning Mandarin is that,
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believe it or not, the grammar is actually quite straightforward and much simpler than what you find in, say, English.
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And look, studying grammar rules does not need to be a part of your learning routine at all.
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If you consistently use the other resources that I talk about in this video, you'll intuitively build an understanding of how Mandarin works as a language.
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That said, it can obviously be frustrating when a phrase or a sentence just doesn't make sense.
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And with that in mind, I would recommend using one of these free playlists from Chinese Zero to Hero for when you have questions about Mandarin grammar.
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As with the programs I mentioned earlier, everything is tied to the HSK curriculum, so it's easy to find the exact lesson you're looking for.
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And if you prefer using a book for reference, my favorite is Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar, which is appropriate for both beginner and intermediate level students.
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Listening skills.
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In my opinion, listening is the key to fluency when it comes to learning Mandarin for two reasons.
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One, it's the only way to develop your ear for the tone system, which is probably the biggest obstacle for most learners.
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And two, it's the best way to understand how Mandarin is used in the real world.
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Now, given the challenges of the tone system, I wouldn't recommend listening to Mandarin podcasts until you've completed HSK Level 1, which should take somewhere between two and four months.
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But once you've got the basics under your belt, I highly recommend checking out Learning Chinese Through Stories.
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This is a wide -ranging podcast with nine different levels of listening content for Mandarin learners.
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And again, it's completely free.
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In theory, the lowest level of LCTS, 1 .1, is appropriate for novices, but I think that's kind of bonkers.
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In my opinion, 1 .1 is at least a high beginner level, so don't be discouraged if the material seems challenging at first.
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Now, LCTS is pretty comprehensive, but once you reach an intermediate to advanced level of Mandarin, say HSK4, you're ready to start listening to native podcasts.
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And two of my favorites are Bosa, which is hosted by a lighthearted Chinese couple, and Dagen, The Small Talk, which is basically a Taiwanese self -help podcast.
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The audio quality is excellent in both shows, the accents are pretty neutral, and the content is interesting.
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I'll leave a few more recommendations in the description box below, but if you know of any other great Mandarin podcasts, podcasts, please leave a comment and let everyone know.
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Now no matter what your level, you want to make sure that you're using podcasts effectively.
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That means when you hear a word or a phrase you don't recognize, you should use the voice -to -text feature in Pleco or Google Translate to get a definition in your native language.
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And then later on, you can review any new words by looking through your translation history.
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TV shows and movies.
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Can watching TV and movies in Mandarin be part of your learning routine?
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Absolutely.
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Although I wouldn't recommend relying on TV and movies for learning purposes until you're at a pretty advanced level, HSK4 or above.
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At that point, you can use this search feature on Netflix, or I'll leave a link below to a database of Mandarin language content for various streaming services.
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The key, however, is that while you're watching, you should only use Chinese subtitles.
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Being immersed in Mandarin will force your brain to adapt quickly, but having English on screen will totally short -circuit the process.
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So with that in mind, feel free to find shows and movies you like and make watching them a part of your daily routine.
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Just remember to look up new words and phrases whenever you hear them.
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Reading skills Learning to read Chinese characters is, in my opinion, the toughest aspect of studying Mandarin.
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And that's because you'll need to memorize thousands of them if you want to read native text comfortably.
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And if you're serious about learning the language, that should absolutely be one of your goals.
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But don't sweat, I've got you covered.
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The Anki flashcard decks that we mentioned will help you learn to recognize individual characters as you build your vocab.
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And the HSK coursebooks
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that I mentioned do a good job of introducing those same characters in context so that you learn to read full sentences.
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Again, everything is tied to HSK, and that's very important.
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Because what you don't want to do is learn some characters in Anki, learn different characters in a textbook, and then learn different characters again in a video course.
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At a beginner level, that's just too much to take in for most people.
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But once you reach HSK level 3, you can also start to make use of graded readers.
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These are short books and stories that are designed for students, and of course they have various levels.
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I'll put links to my favorite graded readers in the description box below, but you should also keep the following in mind.
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If you use a Kindle or tablet to read your stories, you can tap on any words you don't know and get a definition instantly.
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If you read the paper version of a book, you'll want to use that Live OCR feature that I mentioned on the Pleco app.
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This will let you scan the character with your phone and get a definition instantly.
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Without that, you'll need to look the word up via the radical and the various strokes, which can be an interesting exercise but is extremely time consuming.
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I don't recommend it.
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And finally, if you're looking for an app to build your reading skills, my favorites are Do Chinese and The Chairman's Bao.
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They both have tons of content at various levels, they're easy to use, and word definitions are clear and informative.
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Do Chinese is focused more on short stories, and TCB is based largely on news articles, so pick the content that works for you.
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Writing skills.
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Now, let me just start by saying that you absolutely do not need to learn to write Chinese characters by hand.
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You can become a completely fluent speaker and reader of Mandarin without learning to write a single character.
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Many people have.
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Because what you will learn, if you use the resources I've recommended, is how to use pinyin to type Chinese characters on your phone or computer.
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Essentially, you type a word in pinyin, and then your computer or phone generates the appropriate character.
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In that sense, learning to type Chinese characters is actually pretty straightforward.
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So if you're considering learning to write by hand, I would first ask yourself why, because it's a daunting task.
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And I don't know about you, but I barely write anything by hand even in English anymore.
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Okay, ran over.
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If you want to practice writing Chinese characters, I recommend using one of these two apps, Daily Mandarin, which is 100 % free, and Skritter, which requires a subscription.
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Both apps have character lists tied to the HSK curriculum, and they're both excellent.
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Skrider, however, has a better training system and better stroke recognition.
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Try them both and see what works for you.
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Your daily routine.
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So we've covered all the bases.
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Now let's talk about how to build a daily learning routine that focuses on the skills you need to develop.
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First of all, set aside a fixed amount of time every day for studying Mandarin.
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Ideally, it should be at least one hour, but you can of course adjust the timing to suit your needs.
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If you're a total beginner, you should use the HSK Level 1 resources that we talked about and break down your time like this.
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If possible, I also highly recommend that you do at least one lesson per week with an online tutor.
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It's very easy to develop bad pronunciation habits early on and a tutor will keep you moving in the right direction.
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Once you complete HSK Level 3, you can also start to add the podcasts that we talked about to your learning routine.
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But take it slow because this will definitely be a jump in terms of difficulty.
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After you finish HSK Level 4, Or you have two real options.

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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント

このB2レベルのスピーキングレッスンは、動画「How to Learn Chinese (Mandarin) On Your Own for FREE」を教材にしています。 繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです:Mandarin, learning, character, Hsk, Chinese。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が126文、単語が2235語あります。 音声の長さは11:25です。 話す速さは速く、1分あたり約196語です。音のつながりや弱く発音される音が多くなります。 単語の82%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれます。残りは練習の前に確認しておきましょう。

この動画の重要語彙

動画の中で特に難しい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。

単語発音意味
podcast 名詞/ˈpɑdˌkæst/ポッドキャスト
tutor 名詞/ˈtjuːtəː/家庭教師
grammar 名詞/ˈɡɹæm.ə(ɹ)/文法
flashcard 名詞/ˈflæʃˌkɑɹd/教材用のカード, フラッシュカード
beginner 名詞/bəˈɡɪnɚ/ビギナー, 新参
vocabulary 名詞/vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/語彙, 語彙力
learner 名詞/ˈlɜɹnəɹ/学習者
textbook 名詞/ˈtɛkst.bʊk/教科書, テキスト
memorize 動詞/ˈmɛm.əˌɹaɪ̯z/記憶する, 覚える
pronunciation 名詞/pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/発音, 読み
fluent 形容詞/ˈfluənt/ぺらぺら, 流暢な
straightforward 形容詞/ˌstɹeɪtˈfɔː(ɹ)wə(ɹ)d/率直, まっすぐ
adapt 動詞/əˈdæpt/適応する
fluency 名詞/ˈfluːənsi/流暢
proficiency 名詞/pɹəˈfɪʃənsi/上達, 習熟度

動画に出てくる句動詞

単語発音意味
check out 動詞試験する, 検査する
look up 動詞/ˌlʊk ˈʌp/見上げる
run over 動詞轢く

この動画の文法

話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。

文型動画での表現
受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てるare used · are pronounced · are often aligned
関係詞節 who / which + 節 — 人や物について情報を加えるones that are · language, which means · someone who can
現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係しているyou've completed · I've recommended · we've covered

注意したい発音

話し手はyou're, you'll, don'tなど、短縮形や弱形を47回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。

  • 「sh」と「zh」の音: flashcard /ˈflæʃˌkɑɹd/, pronunciation /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/, proficiency /pɹəˈfɪʃənsi/, comprehension /ˌkɑmpɹɪˈhɛnʃn̩/, distinguish /dɪˈstɪŋ.ɡwɪʃ/
  • 長い単語(アクセントの位置に注意): curriculum /kəˈɹɪk.jə.ləm/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, pronunciation /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/, individually /ˌɪndɪˈvɪd͡ʒ(u)əli/, intermediate /ɪn.tə(ɹ)ˈmi.di.ət/

日本語話者が苦手な音:

  • /r/ と /l/ の区別 — /l/ は舌先を歯茎につけ、/r/ はどこにもつけない: flashcard /ˈflæʃˌkɑɹd/, curriculum /kəˈɹɪk.jə.ləm/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, learner /ˈlɜɹnəɹ/, familiarize /fəˈmɪliəɹaɪ̯z/
  • /v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, individually /ˌɪndɪˈvɪd͡ʒ(u)əli/, novice /ˈnɑvɪs/, informative /ɪnˈfɔːmətɪv/, unbelievable /ˌʌnbɪˈliːvəbl̩/
  • /f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: flashcard /ˈflæʃˌkɑɹd/, fluent /ˈfluənt/, straightforward /ˌstɹeɪtˈfɔː(ɹ)wə(ɹ)d/, familiarize /fəˈmɪliəɹaɪ̯z/, fluency /ˈfluːənsi/

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  1. まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
  2. まず0.75倍速で一文ずつシャドーイングし、慣れてきたら通常の速度に戻します。
  3. 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。podcast, tutor, grammarなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。

シャドーイングとは?英語上達に効果的な理由

シャドーイング(Shadowing)は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的:ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影(shadow)」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。

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