シャドーイング練習: Improve your Vocabulary: Stop saying I KNOW! - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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How to get 1 million followers.
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I don't know if I can stand.
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Hey, E, you know, I'm just reading this book, and we could get, like, lots of people to watch us if we change a couple things.
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Oh, I know.
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Huh.
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Hi, James from Ingevig.
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Mr. E seems to know everything.
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You know what's interesting about knowing everything?
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You actually stop knowing anything at all.
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Hi.
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What I want to do in today's lesson is I want to talk about the word I know.
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It is a word that is used by many English speakers who are just starting to learn the language.
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In fact, it's used a lot by native speakers, unthinkingly, to cover all sorts of situations.
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In today's lesson, I'm going to give you some new phrases, and I'm going to give you some new vocabulary
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that we can take the same idea that comes from I know and use it to further our communication skills.
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Now why is this important?
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A lot of times we watch videos and they give you the tools, but don't explain why or where you use them.
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I'd like to make sure and take an opportunity in this video to make sure I not only teach you why, but where it is most beneficial for you to use the new vocabulary.
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You ready?
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Let's go to the board.
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Now when you look at the word here, I know, I've outlined or really put no in a big sense.
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even say the word no, and when in English we say no, it's usually mean to stop or I don't like or something negative.
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When you use I know in a sentence and it's not used in its most effective manner,
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it tends to stop conversation or make people feel as though you're not listening and they're not understood,
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which makes difficult conversations actually more difficult and go on longer.
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Now, before I say another word, I want to say hello to to Parachi and Andrew.
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We met at the McCall Eatery area, and you guys were having a conversation, and you were really graceful and great
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and allowed me to actually use some of this lesson on you and help me fix this lesson up, so I greatly appreciate that.
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And yeah, I think we're saying it's conflict resolution.
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I want to use a quote from Theodore Roosevelt.
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He's a former American president.
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Most of you won't know who he is because he's been dead a long time, one of their better presidents, and he had a quote that I really like that kind of helps with this lesson.
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Theodore said, nobody cares how much you know until they know how much you care.
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I want to change that last statement of care to understand.
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Once people understand that you have an interest in what they're saying, then they know what you care.
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And funny enough, understand is one of the words we're going to use to,
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you know, use instead of know in order to create greater communication skills.
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Now that you know why we're doing the lesson, to further your communication, make sure you're understood and let people know that you understand them, why don't we get to the lesson?
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Ready?
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Now the best way to go about this is to look at what does know mean.
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You know, it's a short form of knowledge, it's a verb, which is all nice.
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But what it really means to know something is you know something through information, observation or inquiry.
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Inquiry means to ask questions.
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If you ask a question, you will get to know something, right?
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Why is the sky blue?
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Blah, blah, blah, blah.
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I will tell you now you know.
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Right?
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Observation, you watch, okay?
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You see two bunnies running across the grass at springtime.
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One bunny jumps upon another bunny, and they start playing.
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You know why they're doing that, right?
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And information, you read something or you watch a video or a YouTube video, and you learn.
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Now that's knowing something.
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But if you notice something, when we talk about knowing in this particular case, knowing is not actually talking about understanding.
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Although people confuse these two words,
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they don't really appreciate how those two words can affect a conversation.
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I'm going to borrow a cell phone for a second, and I want to show you something.
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All of you have used cell phones before, and you know how to use them.
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I know you do, right?
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I say, do a text, you go blah, blah, blah, blah, send me this, blah, blah, blah, blah.
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Now, what happens if I took this cell phone, I took it apart to all the smallest parts and laid them on the floor.
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Okay?
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And then I said to you, put them together.
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Could you do that?
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No. So you know how to use the technology, but you don't understand how it works to put it back together again.
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And that's the power of the words that I'm going to give you now, that will give you that power to putting it back together
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and maybe even creating something new out of it and creating greater communication skills.
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So let's start over here.
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So I said stop saying I know.
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I'm going to give you five phrases to improve the communication.
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So let's talk about number one, recognize.
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Right in the middle of cog means thinking, cognition, thinking, and recognize means to go back and to think.
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The meaning of recognize here is to acknowledge a truth or existence or validity of something.
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That's a lot of noise and movement.
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It's to say, I noticed what you said, and what you said has some truth to it.
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Notice I didn't say I know.
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I said I noticed.
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I could say, I know what you said, and when you said it to me, there was some truth that I have to say is true.
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When something's valid, we say there's truth to it, truth, and acknowledge saying I'm going to say that this is true.
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Cool?
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So that's more than I know.
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When you say, if I say to you, it's raining outside, and you go, I know, and I might say say instead, I recognize that the weather is bad, not only do I have this knowledge,
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I'm saying there's validity to what you're saying, right?
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Because it's not just this raining, you're saying the weather is bad, there's a bit more to it.
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And on that, I'm going to come back when we talk about understanding intent.
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The second, now this is different than I know, but it's from my perspective.
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When you say from my perspective, it is to give your opinion and attitude on a subject, But spec meaning to look at,
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you're actually saying, I see this.
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I see what you're saying because I'm aware of what you're saying.
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In other words, I know what you're saying.
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And I see from this knowledge of knowing what you're saying to me.
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That was nice, right?
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From this knowledge of knowing.
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I have an opinion on that.
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So I have the same knowledge you have, but the way I interpret it, the way I feel about it, the way I see it is different from you.
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So that is acknowledging the person saying, I heard it, got it, okay, cool, but I see it in a different way.
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For instance, I'm standing here, and when I'm standing here, they are different positions, although we're in the same room.
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Cool?
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So you can use that one.
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So from my perspective, that's an interesting point.
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It means I know what you're talking about, and I like it.
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All right?
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Appreciate.
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Appreciate is an interesting word because by itself, I always think of appreciate means to be thankful, to say thanks for something.
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I appreciate you helping me.
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I really, you know, I'm thankful for it.
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When I look at appreciate and we use it instead of I know, it's saying I recognize the implications and the true value of the subject.
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An example of this would be if someone says to you, hey, look, if you don't get enough sleep tonight,
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you won't be able to catch the train in the morning because it's really early.
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And I might say, instead of, oh, I know, I appreciate you telling me that.
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It means thank you because there are implications if I don't get up, I will miss my train.
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And there is a value to you telling me that because getting the train is important to me.
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While I know just means I have the information I have the knowledge
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but it shows no value in saying thank you for doing that for me.
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So you'll notice a lot of times
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if you say well I appreciate you saying
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that people will step back a little bit and give you some room
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because you're saying thank you so they know oh you heard me
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and you like what it not like but you at least are thankful for me saying it You're like, yeah, yeah, you may have to go on and say something different,
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but they will appreciate that you took the time to listen instead of saying, I know.
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Understand.
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Now, I started off over here talking about understand, and I said it was an important one.
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The difference, as I showed you with the cell phone, between understand and know, when you know something, you have the information.
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When you understand, here's what's important.
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You perceive the intended meaning.
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Now I use the difference between being able to put some phone together and knowing how to use one.
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When people are speaking to you, sometimes they're trying to say more than the words they give you.
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And saying I know doesn't show that you actually have paid attention
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and you got the message that they were really trying to get to you.
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An example would be when someone says, if you said, look, if you keep being late,
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it's not great, you might end up losing your job.
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You say, I understand, versus I know.
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I know means, of course, that's what happens.
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You're late, you keep telling me I'm late, I lose my job.
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I understand means, okay, you're selling me, you're giving me a chance and an opportunity, You hope I recognize what I'm doing is incorrect right now,
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and you hope I change my behavior.
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Whoa, where did that come from?
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Well that's what understand means.
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It means I heard you, I'm taking some information in, I know what you're intending to say to me, like I'm not getting fired yet,
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but it's a possibility if the behavior doesn't change.
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I know saying I know in this case means I'm aware of the situation, I know your part, my part, or your position, my position.
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But it doesn't give us any room of like I understand and where you're coming from, because Because in saying something like, you're always late, and if you continue to be, you might lose your job,
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you're saying you're actually kind of concerned about me losing my job.
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And saying, I know, kind of doesn't give back that emotional bond.
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And this is what I was talking about, communication.
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You can say anything you like, and you don't have to even take this lesson at all.
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You can say, yeah, whatever, I know is good enough.
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But by varying your speech, you'll notice that you're giving back not only the information I understand what you're saying and I was listening to you, right?
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But also I care.
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Or in some case, you know, thank you for saying it.
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Well, I heard what you said, but I see it differently.
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I recognize some of what you say is true, right?
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And this is changing it, and it's showing it the mastery of.. your mastery of my language or of the English language.
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Cool?
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So understand is a very good one, I understand, because it means I do know what you're saying and there's even more, and I'm getting more out of it, what you're trying to give me, And that is your intended meaning.
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Perceive is to see.
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Now I said perceive is to see, funny enough.
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Number five.
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I see.
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This is a really good one because it's similar to the rest and see doesn't seem to be I know at all.
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They're not even related.
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Now, hang on a second.
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I actually had a friend who told me a few weeks ago, he had a situation where he was going to look at an apartment
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and he really wanted the landlord to know that he was serious about taking the apartment.
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Now when the landlord was showing him like a fuse box or, you know, this electric thing and it wasn't a big deal and he was kind of like, I know, I know, I know all this stuff.
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He never said that.
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He said, on purpose, I said, I see, I see, I see.
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He's a smart guy and he could have said I know and probably would have gone along, got okay with it.
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The problem was he knew that the landlord might not like it and perceive him as arrogant for talking down.
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But his saying, I see, was a way for him to say, I'm listening to you.
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I'm really paying attention.
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I'm taking this information in, and thank you.
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I got it.
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I see, to show your way of paying attention and understanding.
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He knew that.
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Now, most of you might have said, I know, I know, and you're saying, oh, if I'm smart, I get it.
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But you want the person to know you're actually listening to and paying attention.
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I see is good.
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And even the way we say it, we don't just go, I see, I see, we actually slow it down, we're like, I see, yeah, I see, I see.
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And all of a sudden, magically, I know becomes I see, and the person's like, you really listen very well.
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Versus I know, I know, I know, I know, because even when I say it like this, I know, it means I have a better idea or another idea.
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Versus I see is almost same tonality, but one is I'm taking what you're saying, and You're important.
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I need to understand you, versus everything I do is more important.
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Cool?
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Okay.
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So now that I've taught you why we're doing this, and we talked about...
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I gave you some things as a change in grammar and form.
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Oh, before I go there, I want to talk about another way of saying I know, which is what we call colloquial.
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The common people use it, and it's not to say I know, but it's to change it up.
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So you're not just saying words, but you have some phrases.
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That was part of the deal when I said how we're going to change it.
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I will teach you phrases.
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Here are some phrases.
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What's interesting about these phrases are they follow the kinesthetic, auditory, and visual models.
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That's right, I was waiting for you to go, what is he talking about?
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I don't know, he just went crazy.
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Boom, the brain does not work.
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Okay, auditory, sound, audio.
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Visual, to see.
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In kinesthetic, that nice long word, is just movement, body movement, right?
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Yeah.
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Don't rock like I used to.
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Okay?
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Now, not everybody, we actually speak and we learn in three different modes.
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I've done a couple videos where I've mentioned them before, some of the best ways of learning, and how you can use the auditory,
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visual, and catasthetic way to improve your learning of English or any subject for that matter.
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But we also speak in this way, not all the time, but depending on how a person is thinking,
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they might use one of these models to explain what's going on or the thought process in their head at this time.
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And one of the best ways to communicate your listening and you understand them is to what I call copy that model.
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If someone says something like, that looks good, you could see, I see what you mean.
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I'm using look and see, which are similar verbs to show that I'm thinking the same way you are.
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And it shows a connection, or it enhances or helps the communication get better.
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Cool?
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So these three phrases are in different ways of communicating your thought pattern to people in the audio, visual, or kinesthetic model.
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Cool?
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I know, I got all schooly there.
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Ooh, I got goosebumps.
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So the first one is, I hear what you're saying.
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Right?
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It's like I know, it's like, yeah, I get it.
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I hear what you're saying.
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I have the knowledge you are giving me now.
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Remember we talked about how you get information?
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Someone gives you information, you can say I know, or you can say I hear what you're saying.
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I'm receiving the information.
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And that is auditory.
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The next one we can use, which is visual, is I get the picture.
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I can see a picture in my head of what you mean.
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So now I know.
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If someone says, I want a red sweater with a hood, okay, I get the picture.
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I can actually see it in my head.
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Okay?
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And you can say this either, I see what you mean.
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All right?
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I see what you mean.
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And that's visual.
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The last one is I catch your drift.
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Remember I told you about new vocabulary?
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Here it comes, son.
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Drift is a movement.
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But when you're drifting, you're not going in a straight direction there.
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Like, this is direct.
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If you're drifting, you're kind of going this way and that way.
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A good example is me through high school.
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I drifted through there.
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It wasn't straight like this, it's like grade 9, grade 10, 11, not direct route, okay?
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If that doesn't help you, sometimes people when they're falling asleep, when they're driving, the car is like, it's drifting, it's going in the direction,
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but it's going kind of a little off, right?
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So it's movement.
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Drift is a movement, but not a direct movement, it's like a subtle, soft movement.
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So when someone says, I catch your drift, it means you're giving me something and you're giving me an idea and I'm like, okay, I got it.
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I got that information now.
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So I catch your drift.
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I catch what you're saying.
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Cool?
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So these are for the auditory, the visual, and the kinesthetic.
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So you've got three phrases.
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You've got another two, I guess we've got one phrase and about four new words we've learned for I know.
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So I think if we've learned enough, we always do the quiz, and I think it's time for us to see.
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I know you see what I'm going to get at, right?
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Quiz time.
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Ready?
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Let's go.
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Okay.
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It is quiz time, and I know you are looking forward to it, right?
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And I don't blame you.
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There's something really exciting about getting new knowledge, yeah?
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So let's go to the board and take...
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I want to do a quick quiz, and then I want to talk about where we can use or apply this new knowledge.
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Sometimes I think we miss this in the videos where we teach you these things, we say, here you go, great.
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And then we forget to say, you know what, it's best to use this when you're doing this.
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Okay?
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So, let's go over here.
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The first one I want to look at is, I don't like the sound of that.
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Now, when I gave you an example when we were talking about speaking to people for better communication, this is a question that's going to reveal if you understand what would be the best way,
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because they're quite similar.
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So let's look at it.
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I don't like the sound of that.
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Which one should you or
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which one is the best one to use as the best response to show that you understand them?
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I hear what you are saying or I appreciate what you are saying.
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Good.
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You thought about it and you looked at the key difference or you looked at something that we talked about,
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auditory learning, and here we're talking about sound and hearing.
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So although they say, remember, I appreciate it, like, thank you, thanks for saying that, giving me the information, it sounds so great, but it's like, hold on a second.
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If you really want to hit it on the head, you want to get as close as you can, hear and sound are talking about auditory learning or way of communicating,
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and that would be the best one to use, even though they could both be appropriate, this would only be the best one.
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See, this quiz isn't about knowing whether, say, appreciate or see or what have you, it's how well you understand it, right?
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So we get to the best communication we can, or best level of communication.
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What about the next one?
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What I'm telling you can get a lot of people hurt if this information is used incorrectly.
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What is the best answer here?
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Once again, both work, because I know some of you right now, when you see I understand And I see, look, I understand works, and I see works, and I'm like, yes.
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But in the lesson, I gave you a specific reason why you might want to change and use one over the other.
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I want to see if you caught that, so take a look and think which it might be.
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Okay.
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People getting hurt.
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If you were going to get hurt, would you want someone to listen very carefully to why you might get hurt?
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Probably so, right?
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You'd be like, I hope you understand, you're listening to me carefully and you understand.
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I understand is part of it.
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I understand means I understand.
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I see means I am listening very carefully and I understand.
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That deepens your communication skills or your listening skills.
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Do you remember when I said at the beginning of the video, we're going to be working on listening skills, and it's like, well, ha, we're using the word I know.
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Well you have to listen well to give the right answer back to the person listening.
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I see is the correct one here, simply because you're saying, not only do I understand,
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of course, but I'm listening very carefully right now and to any further information you might give me, because a lot of people might get hurt.
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This is important stuff.
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It's not enough to understand.
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Cool?
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All right.
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Because I know a lot of people go, they're similar, I go, but it's the little differences that make the big difference in being understood by other people, and people go, okay, you're listening?
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Cool, we can have a real conversation.
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Now this one.
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I something, what you're saying has some merit.
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Merit means value.
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It's another way of saying a value or some truth to it.
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Right?
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So which one would be the best one to say?
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I recognize? or I know.
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Yeah.
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You remember when I talked about using recognize, we talked about something being valid or having validity, right?
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So, you're saying I know, it's kind of okay, but recognize adding like, almost doubling it, like I recognize the merit.
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I see the value of what you're saying and I know it's got some truth to it.
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That's why we would use this one.
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So A is the best answer here.
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You could say I know.
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But once again, that's showing a limited understanding of the English language.
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You learn one word and you use it like a multi-tool.
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They're like little pens, and you get like a knife, you get a screwdriver, sometimes a little gun.
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No, there's no gun in this multi-tool.
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You wish.
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But instead of using it like that, we're going, hey, you know what?
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I've got other tools in my pocket.
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I want to start using them to show
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that I'm an intelligent individual who is adaptable and can use different words or vocabulary or phrases in the appropriate situation,
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instead of using the same one over and over like a robot.
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And we know you're not a robot because we made you do that test before you watched the video.
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Alright, now finally, I have something her for five years.
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She is a good woman.
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Would we say I have seen her or I have known her?
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Give you a second to figure it out.
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All right.
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Some of you were like, well, look, there's a couple of things going on.
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James is saying don't use know.
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That's the new word.
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We've got new words.
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And scene is a proper, so the present perfect is being used properly grammatically.
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So both of them are.
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But hold on a second.
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I didn't mention or talk about known.
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Knowledge, remember we talked about information, inquiry, right?
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We talked about that's how you get it, or observation.
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Well, another meaning for to know someone is to have a relationship with them.
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So if I have known Mr. E for 10 years, it means we've had a relationship.
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We talk to each other, we hang out or whatever, but we have some kind of connection.
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It's not just having information on that person or observing them or asking questions.
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There's a relationship.
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And I do this because sometimes when people learn some new information, they throw all the old information out.
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In English we have an idiom.
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It's called throwing the baby out with the bathwater.
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You never want to do that.
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You wash your baby, she's clean.
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The last thing you want to do is take the dirty water and the baby and go, okay, out we go.
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No, you want to keep the baby, maybe get rid of some of the stuff that wasn't necessary.
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And in this case, I want to come back to known saying sometimes the best word to use is know or known, especially if we're talking about relationships.
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So in this case, I have known her for five years.
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We've had a relationship for five years, and that's how I know she's a good woman.
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It's not just observation, it's through our relationship.
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To say I have seen her is correct grammar, yes, but not the correct meaning.
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And this is what this whole lesson was about, improving your communication skills, your understanding of English, and your being able to be understood and having people understand you.
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And I know you did a good job on this quiz, so I know that you have passed with flying colors.
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See?
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I said, I know.
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Through observation, right?
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Okay, now, as always, we have our bonus section, because now you've learned the main lesson.
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What's the opposite of I know?
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I don't know or I didn't know.
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So we might as well learn the positive and the negative, so you don't keep saying, I don't know, I don't know, I don't know, I don't know.
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You can say different things.
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One thing we say instead of saying I don't know is I misread it.
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Now, can I tell you something funny about all these things here?
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I'm going to read them and I'll explain them.
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Misread, misunderstood, mixed up, confused.
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It's funny, when I know something, it's very direct.
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I know.
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I know.
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But when we don't know something, it's like, I was confused.
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It's not my fault.
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I was mixed up.
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I was in the wrong direction.
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I misread it.
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I mean, I thought I knew, but it was in the wrong...
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See, it's never our fault.
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So when we don't know something, it's not my fault, man.
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It's not my fault.
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I misread the situation.
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But when I get it right, it's, I know.
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I knew.
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I have known.
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Mwahaha.
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Puff our chest out.
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Just this little aside, because you'll notice like miss, miss, miss, mixed up, confused, like it's, oh, the air did it or a birdie did it, it wasn't me, it wasn't all my fault.
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But knowing is that arrogance of, yes, of course, me no right, me always good.
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Okay, so, just getting that out there.
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English is a very funny language.
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Pay attention and you'll laugh like me.
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Alright, so to misread something, well, you know what to read means.
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To misread it means you read it, but you maybe made a mistake.
412
So instead of seeing and, you saw and, right?
413
Or you saw and.
414
By mistake you said, oh, I thought it was the chicken and steak.
415
I didn't know it was chicken or steak.
416
I misread it.
417
Okay?
418
It means to judge or interpret something incorrectly.
419
So you're looking at it and maybe you think, um, I'm two feet away.
420
You jump and go, ah, I was three feet away.
421
I misread it.
422
Made a small mistake.
423
Okay?
424
So I didn't know.
425
Misunderstood is an incorrect judgment. are very similar.
426
But the whole point of this lesson is not to teach you one thing and say they're all the same thing.
427
We want to be able to change up our language, okay?
428
So I misunderstood you.
429
Misreading it is like I see it, I look at it, I judge it, I make a wrong judgment.
430
Misunderstood is I had one idea and I thought you meant this, but that's not what you meant.
431
I misunderstood you.
432
So I had this idea in my head, I judged it, I got the information wrong in my head, so I misunderstood you, right?
433
Now, that's an incorrect judgment.
434
Mix something up, it can be confused.
435
So if you mix something up, let me give you an example.
436
I have three markers, okay, and I'm using them, da-da-da-da.
437
I put them down, and I want to keep the blue marker in my hand.
438
But because I got blue and black and I wasn't really paying attention, and I switched them because they were in my hand like this, I switched it like this.
439
I wanted to keep the blue, but I put the blue down by accident because I mixed them up.
440
Oh, I mixed them up and I wanted the other one.
441
Here's a great example.
442
Mr. E and I are going up for drinks.
443
This one is gin and this one is vodka.
444
Gin and vodka look almost exactly the same, by the way.
445
They are both white liquids of alcohol.
446
Now this one's gin, this one's vodka.
447
Mr. E loves his vodka and I only love gin.
448
But by accident I put the glasses down, I turn around, I come back and I give him...
449
You notice they're in the wrong place?
450
Well, I have mixed them up, changed their position.
451
So they are both still valid, but I have moved them and put them in the wrong place.
452
And that's why when we say you've mixed something up, in my head I mixed it up.
453
I had the information, but I put it in the wrong place, so I got the wrong answer.
454
Similar thinking as this is confused.
455
When I'm confused about something, I have information, but I don't really understand it.
456
My thinking on it is not clear not, I couldn't make a picture in my mind to really understand what I was looking at to know it for 100%.
457
So sometimes some people say, I confused when you said this or that, which means similar to mixed up, to take two things and put them in different places,
458
but I'm like, I confused Johnny with Tommy, right?
459
I mixed them up.
460
I confused your meaning.
461
I thought you meant this, but you meant this, but I confused it.
462
I got the wrong answer, or I was not clear on my thinking on that.
463
Cool?
464
All right.
465
I've given you a bonus, I've given you a test, there's only one more thing I would like you to do.
466
And I'd like to say, this is like my thank you to you, because at the end of the videos I usually say thank you.
467
And if you go, how does giving me homework say thank you?
468
Well, if you've stayed this long and watched this long, you've really wanted to learn,
469
And I always want to give you a tool that you can use afterwards to improve your learning or enhance your learning.
470
One of the tools is to do homework to give you something to, you know, go deeper, go study on your own.
471
Another one is to get you involved with a community of people who are also studying English
472
so that you can exchange information, and I've seen it happen before, and then people get to grow that way by getting more people interested in the same thing they are.
473
And in this case, this is one of those things right now.
474
I've got two statements, so I want you to correct one of these statements in the comments, and you will receive one million points.
475
That's right.
476
No cheapness, no one, no one thousand, one million points you will get.
477
So the two comments I have for you, and I want you to look at them carefully.
478
In the black, I want you to change
479
or exchange the thing in the black to one of the things I thought you taught you today.
480
of the top five things you can say instead of I know, or one of the phrases.
481
Hint, hint, it's not a phrase.
482
Or it might be something from the bonus section, okay, the I don't know statements.
483
Now, remember, if the person gets it right, you are to give it a thumbs up.
484
If they've got it wrong, give it a thumbs down.
485
So you're going to get instant information on whether or not you get your million, 10 million, 15 or 17 million points.
486
So the first one is, I am thankful for the information.
487
I want you to think about one of the five that I gave you that talks about being thankful.
488
The second one is, I confused which drink went with whom.
489
I confused which drink went with whom.
490
Whom means to who.
491
So those are the two statements.
492
I want you to think about it now.
493
It kind of helped you a little bit.
494
I think you'll do a great job.
495
Once again, thank you very much for watching our videos.
496
I appreciate that you take your time out of a busy day to come and watch and learn with us.
497
I'd love doing this for you.
498
Now if you want to get more videos like this, okay, and do actually the actual quiz that will go a little bit deeper into what we've learned today,
499
I'd like you to go to www.ing, as in English, vid, as in video, dot com, and do the quizzes there, and look at the other teachers that we have available.
500
Anyway, you have a brilliant day and I'll see you soon.
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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
このB2レベルのスピーキングレッスンは、動画「Improve your Vocabulary: Stop saying I KNOW!」を教材にしています。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が500文、単語が5898語あります。 音声の長さは31:54です。 話す速さは速く、1分あたり約185語です。音のつながりや弱く発音される音が多くなります。 単語の86%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれます。残りは練習の前に確認しておきましょう。
この動画の重要語彙
動画の中で特に難しい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| misread 動詞 | /mɪsˈɹiːd/ | 誤読する |
| quiz 名詞 | /kwɪz/ | クイズ |
| misunderstand 動詞 | /mɪs.ʌn.də(ɹ)ˈstænd/ | 勘違いする, 誤解する |
| thankful 形容詞 | /ˈθæŋkfəl/ | 感謝する, 有難い |
| observation 名詞 | /ˌɑbzɚˈveɪʃn̩/ | 観察 |
| perceive 動詞 | /pɚˈsiv/ | 知覚する, 認める |
| vocabulary 名詞 | /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/ | 語彙, 語彙力 |
| vodka 名詞 | /ˈvɑdkə/ | ウォッカ, ヴォートカ |
| bunny 名詞 | /ˈbʌni/ | 子兎 |
| incorrect 形容詞 | /ˌɪn.kəˈɹɛkt/ | 間違った |
| merit 名詞 | /ˈmɛɹɪt/ | 価値 |
| acknowledge 動詞 | /əkˈnɑ.lɪd͡ʒ/ | 承認する, 認める |
| verb 名詞 | /vɝb/ | 動詞 |
| interpret 動詞 | /ɪnˈtɜː.pɹɪt/ | 解説する |
| steak 名詞 | /steɪk/ | ステーキ |
動画に出てくる句動詞
| 単語 | 意味 |
|---|---|
| come back 動詞 | 戻る, 帰る |
| give back 動詞 | 返す |
| get up 動詞 | 起きる |
| go back 動詞 | 戻る, 帰る |
| look forward to 動詞 | 楽しみにする |
| turn around 動詞 | 振り向く |
繰り返し練習したい文
動画に出てくる短く完結した文です。日常会話でそのまま使えます。
- You know what's interesting about knowing everything?
- Remember we talked about how you get information?
- Remember I told you about new vocabulary?
- What's the opposite of I know?
- You notice they're in the wrong place?
この動画の文法
話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。
| 文型 | 動画での表現 |
|---|---|
| 条件文 if + 節, will/would + 動詞 — 条件とその結果 | If you ask a question, you will get · if I don't get up, I will miss · if you understand what would be |
| 現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係している | I've outlined · he's been · have paid |
| 関係詞節 who / which + 節 — 人や物について情報を加える | verb, which is · friend who told · use, which is |
| 受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる | being understood · be understood |
注意したい発音
話し手はyou're, I'm, don'tなど、短縮形や弱形を194回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。
- 「th」の音: thankful /ˈθæŋkfəl/, kinesthetic /ˌkɪnɪsˈθɛtɪk/, thumb /ˈθʌm/, bathwater /ˈbæθwɔtɚ/
- 「sh」と「zh」の音: observation /ˌɑbzɚˈveɪʃn̩/, implication /ˌɪmpləˈkeɪʃən/, cognition /kɑɡˈnɪʃ.ən/, speculation /ˌspɛk.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/, beneficial /ˌbɛn.ɪˈfɪʃ.əl/
- 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: auditory /ˈɔː.dɪˌtɔɹ.i/, misunderstand /mɪs.ʌn.də(ɹ)ˈstænd/, kinesthetic /ˌkɪnɪsˈθɛtɪk/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, validity /vəˈlɪd.ɪ.ti/
日本語話者が苦手な音：
- /r/ と /l/ の区別 — /l/ は舌先を歯茎につけ、/r/ はどこにもつけない: vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, landlord /ˈlæn(d).lɔɹd/, incorrectly /ˌɪnkəˈɹɛk(t).li/, graceful /ˈɡɹeɪsfʊl/, follower /ˈfɒləʊə(ɹ)/
- /v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: observation /ˌɑbzɚˈveɪʃn̩/, perceive /pɚˈsiv/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, vodka /ˈvɑdkə/, validity /vəˈlɪd.ɪ.ti/
- /f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: drift /dɹɪft/, thankful /ˈθæŋkfəl/, graceful /ˈɡɹeɪsfʊl/, puff /pʌf/, follower /ˈfɒləʊə(ɹ)/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- まず0.75倍速で一文ずつシャドーイングし、慣れてきたら通常の速度に戻します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。misread, quiz, misunderstandなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。