シャドーイング練習: Learn English with Real Conversations Podcast | How to Use “DO” vs “MAKE” - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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Hey, hey everyone!
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Welcome back to Go English!
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I'm Mizu and today we're talking about something very, very common and yes, very confusing.
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Hey friends, I'm Lucas.
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Okay, quick question for you.
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Which one sounds right?
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Do homework or make homework?
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Hmm.
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And how about this one?
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Make a mistake or do a mistake.
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Oh wow, this one tricks so many learners.
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If you've ever stopped, frozen and thought, wait, which one is correct?
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You are not alone.
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Really, everyone makes this mistake at first.
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Yes, totally normal.
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English learners all around the world mix up do and make.
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It's okay, it happens.
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But here's the good news.
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After this video, things will feel much clearer, much simpler.
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You'll know when to use do, when to use make, and you'll feel more confident, more natural when you speak.
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So relax, stay with us.
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And let's make English simple, real, and fun, right here on Go English.
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Yes.
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By the way, Mizu, what did you do yesterday?
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Oh, wow.
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Yesterday was busy.
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I did some work, made lunch, and later I made a plan for today.
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How about you, Lucas?
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Haha.
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Mine was similar.
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I did homework, made breakfast, and, of course, made a few mistakes along the way.
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Yes, that's real life.
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And friends, if you like this video, don't forget to give us a thumbs up and subscribe so you don't miss any Go English lessons.
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Yes!
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Comment below, too!
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Tell us what you did yesterday.
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We'd love to hear.
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Alright, let's get started and make English super easy and natural.
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Mizu, can I be honest?
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Do and make are confusing.
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Really confusing.
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Oh yes, totally.
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And I know why.
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Because in English, both do and make can sometimes translate to to do in other languages.
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So we think, oh, same meaning, easy. But nope.
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Exactly.
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And then we start asking, okay, I want to do my homework, so should I say, do homework or make homework?
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Oh wow, it gets tricky fast.
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Yes, and that's the main problem.
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English doesn't work by word-for-word translation.
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Native speakers don't stop to think, do I use do or make?
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They just know what sounds natural.
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Right.
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They don't check grammar rules every time.
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They speak by habit.
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It's all about what feels right in the moment.
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Exactly!
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Habit and fixed phrases.
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Some words just naturally go together.
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It's like best friends who always stick together.
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So in English, it's not about which word means to do?
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Nope.
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It's more like, which one sounds natural here?
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That's the key.
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Ah, now I get it.
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So if I just focus on the feeling of the sentence instead of translating, it's easier.
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Yes!
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Once you understand that, oh wow, things get so much easier.
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You stop translating in your head and start thinking in English.
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And that's when speaking starts to feel natural and confident.
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Exactly!
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So don't worry if you feel confused right now.
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That's totally normal.
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Really, really normal.
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And in the next part, we'll show you some simple, easy-to-remember rules
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that native speakers use all the time without thinking yes simple
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clear real english let's go all right lucas let's start with rule number one.
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And don't worry, this rule is very simple.
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Yes, simple is good.
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So, when do we use do, Mizu?
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Okay, here it is.
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Ready?
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We use do for tasks, work, duties, and activities.
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Hmm, tasks and activities.
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So, things we have to do every day?
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Exactly.
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Daily things.
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Things you need to finish.
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The important part is the action, not the result.
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Oh.
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So we care about doing the action, not what we create.
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Yes.
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Perfect.
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With do, we don't focus on the final result.
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We just focus on the activity itself.
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Okay.
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Give me some real examples.
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Sure.
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We say do homework, not make homework, Homework is a task.
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Right.
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School task.
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We also say do the dishes.
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It's a daily chore, something you have to do.
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Yes, I do the dishes every night.
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Exactly.
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And how about work?
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We say do your job.
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Because it's your duty, your responsibility.
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Yes.
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And one more very common one, do exercise.
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It's an activity.
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You're focusing on moving your body, not creating something.
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Oh, wow, I see it now.
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Homework, dishes, job, exercise.
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All daily activities.
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Yes, so remember this.
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Do is usually used for everyday tasks.
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Things you must do.
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Things on your to-do list.
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So if it feels like work or a responsibility.
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Then do is probably the right choice.
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Nice.
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Simple, clear, and very real.
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Exactly.
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And don't worry, in the next part we'll talk about make, and you'll see the difference even more clearly.
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All right, Mizu, we talked about do.
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Now I'm curious, what about make?
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Ah, yes, make.
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This one is actually very fun, and the rule is clear, clear, clear.
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Okay, I'm listening.
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We use make when we create something, produce something, or when there's a result at the end.
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Oh, so with make, something appears.
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Yes, exactly.
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After make, there is something new, a result you can see or feel.
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Give me an example.
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Sure.
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In the morning, you make breakfast.
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Right.
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Before, there was no breakfast, and after, boom, breakfast is there.
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Yes, that's the idea.
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Another very common one, make a mistake.
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Oh, wow.
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Everyone does that.
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Yes, a mistake didn't exist before, but after the action, the mistake appears.
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That's why we use make, not do.
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Okay, that makes sense.
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What about decisions?
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Good one.
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We say make a decision.
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At first, you're thinking, then suddenly you choose.
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the decision is created.
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And of course, make money.
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Yes!
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After working, the result is money.
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So again, make focuses on the result.
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So, let me check if I understand.
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Do is about the action.
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Make is about the result.
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Perfect!
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You got it.
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If something appears at the end, food, a plan, a mistake, money, we usually use make.
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Wow, this is much clearer now.
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Yes, just remember this feeling.
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After make, there is something there.
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Okay, Lucas, now let's put do and make next to each other, side by side.
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Yes, this part is important.
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This is where things really Exactly!
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So remember this feeling.
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Do is about the process.
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Make is about the result.
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Process versus result.
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Okay, show me.
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Alright.
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First one. Do work.
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We say do work, not make work, right?
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Yes, because work is an activity.
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You're focusing on the action, the effort, the process.
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There's no work object at the end.
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Exactly.
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Now, second example, make a plan.
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Ah, not do a plan.
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Right, because after thinking and talking, a plan appears.
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That's the result.
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Okay, that's very clear.
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Last one, do cleaning.
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Not make cleaning.
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Yes, cleaning is a task.
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It's something you do.
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You focus on the activity, not creating cleaning.
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Yeah, you can't create cleaning.
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Exactly!
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So if it feels like an activity, a process, something on your to-do list… Use do.
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And if it feels like something appears at the end, a plan, food, money, a mistake… Use make.
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Simple contrast, right?
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Very simple and very real English.
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Yes, and in the next part we'll look at some very common mistakes learners make so you can avoid them.
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Alright, now let's talk about something very real.
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Common mistakes.
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And yes, everyone makes them.
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Oh yes, these are mistakes we hear all the time.
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Don't worry if you've said them before.
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Ok, first one.
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I hear this a lot.
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Make homework.
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Ah, that one sounds logical, but in English it's not correct.
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Right.
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We don't create homework.
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Homework is a task.
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So, the correct phrase is do homework.
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Focus on the activity, not the result.
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Okay, next mistake.
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Do a mistake.
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Oh, wow.
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This one is super common.
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Yes, but we don't say that.
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We say, make a mistake.
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Because the mistake appears.
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It's the result of an action.
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So, we use make.
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All right.
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And the third one, do a decision.
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Hmm.
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Nope, that one should be make a decision.
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Again, because a decision is created after thinking.
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Exactly.
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So let's repeat this feeling one more time.
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Homework is a task, so we say, do homework.
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A mistake is a result, so we say, make a mistake.
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A decision is a result, so we say, make a decision.
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If you remember the reason, not just the phrase, you'll make fewer mistakes.
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Yes.
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Don't memorize blindly.
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Feel the meaning.
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And don't be afraid to make mistakes while learning.
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That's how you learned.
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Exactly.
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And next, we'll help you practice so you can use do and make naturally.
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Okay, enough rules, enough explanations.
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Let's use this in real life.
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Yes.
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Imagine this is just a normal morning.
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No classroom and no textbook, just us talking.
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Exactly.
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Ready?
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Ready.
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So, Lucas, how is your morning today?
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Oh, busy.
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Very busy.
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I woke up early and the first thing I did was do some work on my laptop.
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Wow, already working in the morning?
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Yeah, but after that, I made breakfast.
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Simple breakfast, but still, breakfast appeared.
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Nice!
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See?
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Real life.
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You do work, but you make breakfast.
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Exactly.
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And after eating, I had to do the dishes. Of course.
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Nobody escapes the dishes.
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True.
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Then I sat down and made a plan for the day.
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Oh, that's a good habit.
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What's in your plan?
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Well, first I need to do my job.
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Meetings, emails, all that stuff.
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Sounds familiar.
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And later, I want to make a decision about my weekend.
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Travel or stay home.
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Big decision.
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Yes.
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And honestly, during the day, I'll probably make a few mistakes.
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But that's OK. Of course.
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Everyone makes mistakes.
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That's real life.
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So, yeah, nothing special.
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Just a normal day.
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And that's the point.
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We do daily tasks.
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We make results.
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Real English.
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Real life.
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Exactly.
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And you can talk about your day the same way.
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All right, now it's your turn.
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Don't just listen.
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Speak with us.
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Yes, say it out loud.
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Even if you're alone, that's how you improve.
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Okay, first sentence.
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Listen, then speak.
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Every morning I breakfast. Did you say make?
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Nice!
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Make breakfast.
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Something appears.
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Great job!
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Now the second one.
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After work, I need to my homework.
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The answer is do. Do homework.
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It's a task.
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Perfect.
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Very, very natural.
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Now let's try three more.
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Speak out loud.
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Every evening, I… The dishes.
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Yes, do the dishes.
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It's an activity you have to do.
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Great.
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Next one.
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I always… A plan before traveling.
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Exactly.
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Make a plan.
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You create something.
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A plan.
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Last one.
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Sometimes I accidentally… Make a mistake at work.
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Yes.
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Yes, make a mistake.
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The mistake appears after your action.
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Awesome!
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If you can say all five sentences smoothly, you're already using real English.
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And remember, speak slowly, clearly, and confidently.
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Yes, you're doing great.
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Keep practicing.
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Before we finish, we have a small question for you.
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Yes, just a simple one.
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No pressure.
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First question.
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What do you do every day?
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Maybe you do work, do homework, or do exercise.
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Second question.
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What is something you make often?
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Maybe you make breakfast, make plans, or make decisions.
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You can answer very simply.
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For example, every day I do… Or, I usually make… Write your answer in the comments.
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Short is perfect.
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We'd love to read what you do and what you make every day.
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And don't worry about being perfect.
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Just be real.
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Yes, real English, real people.
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Go ahead, leave a comment.
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Wow, we went through a lot today.
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Let's quickly wrap it up.
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Yes, two simple rules to remember.
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Do is activity, something you do as a task or daily duty.
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Speak is result – something you create or that appears after your action.
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And don't worry if you can't remember every single phrase, really.
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The key is to listen and use English often.
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The more you hear and speak, the more natural it becomes.
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Exactly.
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Slowly, step by step, it will feel real and easy.
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So remember, keep it real, keep it simple.
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And see you next time on Go English!
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Bye bye!
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Keep practicing and have fun with English!
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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
このA2レベルのスピーキングレッスンは、動画「Learn English with Real Conversations Podcast」を教材にしています。 繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：mistake, homework, english, exactly, result。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が354文、単語が2035語あります。 音声の長さは15:58です。 話す速さは1分あたり約127語で安定しており、シャドーイングしやすいペースです。 単語の89%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれるため、語彙は分かりやすいです。
この動画の重要語彙
動画に出てくる覚えておきたい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| homework 名詞 | /ˈhoʊmˌwɝk/ | 宿題, 課題 |
| dish 名詞 | /dɪʃ/ | 皿 |
| phrase 名詞 | /ˈfɹeɪ̯z/ | 句, 語句 |
| nope | /noʊp/ | いや, ううん |
| habit 名詞 | /ˈhæb.ɪt/ | 習慣 |
| translate 動詞 | /tɹænzˈleɪt/ | 訳す, 翻訳する |
| confuse 動詞 | /kənˈfjuːz/ | 混乱させる |
| naturally 副詞 | /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/ | 勿論 |
| trick 名詞 | /ˈtɹɪk/ | 欺き, 企み |
| lesson 名詞 | /ˈlɛs.ən/ | 授業, 学科 |
| curious 形容詞 | /ˈkjʊɹ.i.əs/ | 好奇心の強い, 知りたがる |
| explanation 名詞 | /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/ | 説明 |
| translation 名詞 | /tɹænzˈleɪʃən/ | 翻訳, 伝達 |
| versus | /ˈvɝsəs/ | 対, バーサス |
| relax 動詞 | /ɹɪˈlæks/ | くつろがせる |
動画に出てくる句動詞
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| go ahead 動詞 | /ˌɡoʊ əˈhɛd/ | どうぞお先に |
| sit down 動詞 | 座る, 腰掛ける | |
| wake up 動詞 | /ˌweɪk ˈʌp/ | 目覚める, 目を覚ます |
繰り返し練習したい文
動画に出てくる短く完結した文です。日常会話でそのまま使えます。
- If you've ever stopped, frozen and thought, wait, which one is correct?
- Mizu, can I be honest?
- Native speakers don't stop to think, do I use do or make?
- What's in your plan?
- What do you do every day?
この動画の文法
話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。
| 文型 | 動画での表現 |
|---|---|
| 現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係している | you've ever stopped · you've said |
| 受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる | is created |
| 動詞 + -ing enjoy, keep, stop… + -ing — 後ろに-ing形が続く動詞 | start asking · stop translating · Keep practicing |
| 「should」による助言 should + 動詞 — したほうがよいことを伝える | should I say · should be |
注意したい発音
話し手はdon't, you're, I'mなど、短縮形や弱形を44回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。
- 「th」の音: thumb /ˈθʌm/, smoothly /ˈsmuːðli/
- 「sh」と「zh」の音: dish /dɪʃ/, contrast /kənˈt(ʃ)ɹæst/, explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, translation /tɹænzˈleɪʃən/
- 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/, explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, accidentally /ˌæk.sɪˈdɛnt(ə)li/, confidently /ˈkɑnfɪdəntli/
日本語話者が苦手な音：
- /r/ と /l/ の区別 — /l/ は舌先を歯茎につけ、/r/ はどこにもつけない: translate /tɹænzˈleɪt/, naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/, translation /tɹænzˈleɪʃən/, relax /ɹɪˈlæks/, classroom /ˈklɑːsɹʊm/
- /v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: everyday /ˈɛvɹiˌdeɪ/, versus /ˈvɝsəs/
- /f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: phrase /ˈfɹeɪ̯z/, confuse /kənˈfjuːz/, confused /kənˈfjuːzd/, fewer /ˈfjuː.ɚ/, freeze /ˈfɹiːz/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- 通常の速度で一文ずつシャドーイングし、話し手のリズムに合うまで繰り返します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。homework, dish, phraseなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。