シャドーイング練習: Procedure and cost reduction | Vietnam Today - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
レッスンを作成中...
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Vietnam's administrative reform is moving beyond procedural simplification towards deeper structural change.
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As of May 2025, compliance with business-related administrative procedures was estimated to cost enterprises more than 120 trillion Vietnamese dong a year,
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while the government has set a 2026 target of cutting both processing time and compliance costs by 50% compared with 2024.
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The question now is whether these reforms can deliver more fundamental gains,
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higher productivity, greater business dynamism and stronger economic competitiveness.
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First, let's take a look at the figures that highlight Vietnam's impressive progress since the beginning of the year.
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In 2026 alone, 184 administrative procedures and 890 business conditions have been abolished,
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with further measures aimed at shifting from paperwork-based administration to data-driven digital services.
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As of May 2026, Vietnam had already exceeded some of its key administrative reform targets.
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The government reported that administrative processing times has been reduced by 53%, while compliant costs had fallen by 54.6%,
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compared with 2024, surpassing the 50% target for both indicators.
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As part of the reform drive, 11 new government resolutions have also been issued
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and are expected to generate a further reduction of around $870 million in annual compliant costs.
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And to explore the topic further, we invited to our program today Adam Aloma, CEO of Maloon Global.
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Thank you for joining us.
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Pleasure.
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Now, Vietnam has made significant progress in simplifying administrative procedures and reducing compliance costs.
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From your experience, which reforms have had the most visible impacts on businesses,
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whether in investment, taxation, licensing or day-to-day operation?
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First of all, thank you for having me.
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Second, it's very important we have to understand why any government moves towards reform.
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It's due many factors, but the most important one is to build the infrastructure to attract foreign direct investment.
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and to utilize the endowments that the government has by providing investment opportunities
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that needs badly for foreign direct investment and capital to be injected.
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Now, the Vietnamese government did an excellent job in the process of digitalization,
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where they moved forward in implementing debt and tax system.
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They are shifting towards having the public services offered through digital windows.
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Third and most important, and what they are doing is having the process of,
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or the seeds of a process of one-stop shop services for business line, for foreign direct investment to be implemented.
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So, what we can say about the process that has been taking place within these reforms since 2025,
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I think, it's working into two different directions,
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which is a smart reform structure that taking care within the,
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what we call it, the internal or micro structure of the country
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and looking after the externalities where we look for the FDI and provide them with the right platform.
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And I can see that what has been done in terms of even eliminating extra administrative load,
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which is not needed and minimizing the cost per hour for implementing the administration's procedures and processes,
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it will have a big impact.
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Beyond saving time and money,
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how can simpler administrative procedures improve business efficiency from a project implementation to in recruitment to technology adaptation
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and market expansion when you look at the structure of economy
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and it's very clear we have public sector we have a private sector
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and the private sector always concerned about efficient costing
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and implementation of projects now with this reform we can see
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there is a big harmony by sensing the needs of the private sector
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and especially the private sector in privy in vietnam has a
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special unique structure where smes very big in their contribution to the gdp
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so this reform it's um i can say it's talking to the one the language of the domestic economy
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which is extremely important because if you look to the experiences of any reforming programs taking place overseas or in other countries,
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sometimes they ignore the local economy, which means the local players,
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the local contribution, especially countries that have huge endowments with lacking resources for investing and utilizing these endowments.
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But the reforms that are taking place in Vietnam is being done smartly in a way,
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taking care of what's going on within the country with the domestic players in the private sector
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and make sure everything will be adding efficiency to their performance,
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minimizing the bottlenecks, if we can say,
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which is based on the sometimes administrative procedures, licensing.
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and other what we call data sharing between different ministries and departments.
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So they are doing this extremely well for the local economy.
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For foreign invested companies, administrative reform can have a direct impact on one of the most critical factors in investment decisions,
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how quickly and efficiently capital can be deployed.
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In the past, bringing capital into Vietnam and obtaining approvals for investment projects could be a lengthy process,
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particularly when companies had to navigate different regulations and work with multiple agencies.
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Bringing capital into Vietnam to expand our investments used to be a very time-consuming process,
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while there were often situations where we needed funds quickly to implement projects.
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On top of that, completing a single procedure could require cross-referencing multiple laws and consulting different government agencies.
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Sometimes each agency or locality would interpret the regulations differently.
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Now the process has become much more convenient.
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The change is significant for FDI businesses.
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Simplified procedures and greater consistencies in regulatory implementation can reduce uncertainty,
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shorten project timeline and allow companies to respond more quickly to investment opportunities.
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The next challenge is to ensure that these improvements are applied consistently across sectors and localities,
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turning administrative reform into a lasting advantage for Vietnam's investment environment.
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And now looking at the bigger picture, how does a more predictable and streamlined regulatory environment affect Vietnam's ability to attract investment
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and help domestic companies compete in global markets?
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This is a very important point.
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When you bring FDI, one of the biggest risks that you create disturbance within the local market,
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given if the local market doesn't have the capabilities to compete with the FDIs, because normally FDIs come not only with capital, they come with the know-how,
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and especially now we are in the era of AI, ASGs, all these economic transformations that happening globally you have to make sure
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that the newcomer will support and open the international market to the domestic players
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because for example
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if i'm coming as fdi the same technology of course i
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will be relying heavily on the human talent in in vietnam but the fdi will open a market in the supply chain,
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big supply chain for the local players or companies.
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And, you know, governments, mostly in all the world, and I'm sure Vietnamese government, they are taking care a lot of this.
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one of the prerequisites of the FDI, even the structural partnership that they offer,
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they sometimes require a local partnership within the FDI, especially when it comes for certain endowments that what we can call it is a national interest.
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Now, reducing procedures does not automatically mean better regulation.
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In areas such as taxation, investment, construction and labour, However,
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what should policymakers focus on to ensure that reform improves the quality of regulation itself?
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This is a very, very interesting question because the reforming process is taking different aspects, taking consideration.
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One, what we can call it,
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the socio-economic allocation of all these benefits that are happening from the reform.
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Second, the reform is going gradually in a way that doesn't create an economic shock, which is extremely important.
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And you have to know any reform is associated with risk because reform requires what?
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It requires awareness, culture to be embodied, because who's going to execute?
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The public servant and the private sector sector.
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And above all, that showing what the added value of such reform can add to private,
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public and social benefit.
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And what they are doing in this matrix, they are doing it in a smart way.
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Even there are some indicators.
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Vietnam from 2024 or 2025 until now achieving such a target, it's phenomenal.
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Decentralization of decision making in different areas.
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So, For example, if I'm in hospitality, I need to make a project in Da Nang.
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I don't need to come and have permission in Hanoi from the officials, which is wonderful in a way to minimize the process of decision-making.
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It shows that whatever is going on as a reform is moving towards the right direction.
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JARED BOWEN, Director of Reform in Vietnam is increasingly being evaluated not by how Now many procedures are removed
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but by whether peoples and businesses experience a more seamless and effective public service.
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The shift is particularly relevant to sectors where business models and technologies evolve rapidly.
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In fintech, for example, the ability to bring new services to market efficiently can determine how quickly companies respond to changing consumer demand.
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Vietnam already has a very dynamic digital economy.
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So simplifying administrative procedure can have a very direct impact on all industries and in particular fintech.
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The logic is very simple.
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Less administrative work means lower cost and faster time to market.
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All this will make it easier to scale.
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But as innovation accelerates, the regulatory challenge also becomes more sophisticated.
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Instead of viewing compliance as their separate layer added after innovation, companies are increasingly looking to incorporate it into the product itself.
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For sure, this can help companies to develop services such as payment, lending, and other digital financial services and make them accessible to more people.
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But as digital services become more complex, we also need to think about compliance by design.
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What does it mean? it means
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that instead of checking compliance only after a product is built or a new services is sold,
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we should build these rules and control directly into the technology and the service offering.
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And for me, this is where administrative simplification and good technology governance come together.
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We can make it easier to innovate, but at the same time, we will make sure we don't lose control as we move faster.
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As Vietnam's moves deeper into its digital transformation, administrative reform is becoming more than a question of efficiency.
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Its longer-term value will depend on whether a simpler, smarter regulatory environment can help businesses innovate faster,
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expand access to new services, and contribute to stronger productivity across the country.
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There is also a balance between making business easier and maintaining effective government oversight.
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in sectors such as finance, healthcare, data and emerging technologies.
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Where should this balance be drawn?
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I do believe if you go to any country in the world, if they are doing reform or they are not doing reform,
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attracting FDI or not attracting FDI,
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they look what's called the national endowments that should be kept within the hands of the locals.
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The line that any country in the world should draw is the line
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that this reform should keep the sovereignty of the country,
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the political decision and social stability untouched with any reform.
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Beyond counting the number of procedures eliminated or the amount of cost reduced,
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what indicators should we use to determine whether administrative reform is genuinely improving business efficiency and productivity?
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Now, whenever you put a reform process in practice in any economy,
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you have to set the matrix to measure the success and the failures and the bottlenecks,
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how to solve it, and the effects within the economy in terms of economic indicators,
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employment, GDP, productivity of the economy, even marginal productivity of the economy.
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And from the other side, you have to put the tools that enforce the discipline or governance within this reform, which is very important.
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And above that, that this reform itself has the mechanism for check and balance and adaptability to change.
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Looking ahead, which areas of administrative reforms such as digital government,
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data sharing, business licensing, taxation or investment procedures should Vietnam prioritize to turn reform into a long-term drive of economic growth?
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You know, one of the major questions in economy always is how you can sustain the growth of any country.
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If you look to the experiences that are happening in countries when they went to privatization or IMF, International Monetary Fund, reforming programs,
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one aspect always been ignored, which is the culture of reform.
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Because when you do reform, it's not just only a process.
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Who's going to implement this process?
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And you have to create the culture within the,
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what we call it, the civil servants or the public sector that this there to be adopted,
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to be enforced, to be leveraged by benefit to all economy,
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and the private sector who gives the right feedback about what fits our needs, what will be the future needs.
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And the private sector here, I'm not talking only the local private sector, even the FDI.
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So all this process together,
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I think it will create a successful implementation and integration within the whole matrix of economy.
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Once again, thank you for your insights, Adam Alouma.
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Thank you very much for having me.
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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
このB2レベルのスピーキングレッスンは、動画「Procedure and cost reduction」を教材にしています。 繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：reform, administrative, sector, procedure, investment。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が158文、単語が2162語あります。 音声の長さは17:44です。 話す速さは1分あたり約122語で安定しており、シャドーイングしやすいペースです。 単語の82%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれます。残りは練習の前に確認しておきましょう。
この動画の重要語彙
動画の中で特に難しい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| compliance 名詞 | /kəmˈplaɪ.əns/ | 順守 |
| productivity 名詞 | /ˌpɹɒdʌkˈtɪvəti/ | 生産性 |
| implement 動詞 | /ˈɪmpləmənt/ | 実行する, 実現する |
| indicator 名詞 | /ˈɪn.dɪˌkeɪ.tə(ɹ)/ | インジケータ, インジケーター |
| simplify 動詞 | /ˈsɪmplɪfaɪ/ | 単純化 |
| minimize 動詞 | /ˈmɪn.ɪˌmaɪz/ | 最小化する |
| taxation 名詞 | /tækˈseɪ.ʃən/ | 課税 |
| bottleneck 名詞 | 瓶の首 | |
| simplification 名詞 | /ˌsɪm.plɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/ | 単純化 |
| servant 名詞 | /ˈsɝvənt/ | 使用人, 召使い |
| eliminate 動詞 | /ɪˈlɪm.ɪ.neɪt/ | 除去する |
| abolish 動詞 | /əˈbɑl.ɪʃ/ | 止める, 無くす |
| newcomer 名詞 | /ˈn(j)uˌkʌmɚ/ | 新人, 新入り |
| prerequisite 名詞 | /pɹiˈɹɛkwəzət/ | 前提, 前提条件 |
| prioritize 動詞 | /pɹaɪˈɒɹ.ə.taɪz/ | 優先させる |
この動画の文法
話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。
| 文型 | 動画での表現 |
|---|---|
| 受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる | was estimated · have been abolished · has been reduced |
| 現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係している | has set · have been abolished · has been reduced |
| 関係詞節 who / which + 節 — 人や物について情報を加える | economy, which means · shock, which is · officials, which is |
注意したい発音
話し手はI'm, doesn't, don'tなど、短縮形や弱形を8回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。
- 「sh」と「zh」の音: taxation /tækˈseɪ.ʃən/, simplification /ˌsɪm.plɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/, structural /ˈstɹʌk(t͡)ʃəɹəl/, abolish /əˈbɑl.ɪʃ/, decentralization /diːˌsɛntɹəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/
- 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: productivity /ˌpɹɒdʌkˈtɪvəti/, indicator /ˈɪn.dɪˌkeɪ.tə(ɹ)/, simplification /ˌsɪm.plɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/, locality /loʊˈkæl.ɪ.ti/, eliminate /ɪˈlɪm.ɪ.neɪt/
日本語話者が苦手な音：
- /r/ と /l/ の区別 — /l/ は舌先を歯茎につけ、/r/ はどこにもつけない: structural /ˈstɹʌk(t͡)ʃəɹəl/, decentralization /diːˌsɛntɹəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/, smartly /ˈsmɑː(ɹ)tli/, streamline /ˈstriːmlaɪn/, procedural /pɹəˈsiːd͡ʒ(ə)ɹəl/
- /v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: productivity /ˌpɹɒdʌkˈtɪvəti/, innovate /ˈɪn.ə.veɪt/, servant /ˈsɝvənt/, governance /ˈɡʌvəɹnəns/, competitiveness /kəmˈpɛtɪtɪvnəs/
- /f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: simplify /ˈsɪmplɪfaɪ/, fintech /ˈfɪntɛk/, simplification /ˌsɪm.plɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/, enforce /ɪnˈfoɹs/, phenomenal /fɪˈnɒmɪnəl/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- 通常の速度で一文ずつシャドーイングし、話し手のリズムに合うまで繰り返します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。compliance, productivity, implementなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。