Luyện nói tiếng Anh bằng Shadowing qua video: Procedure and cost reduction | Vietnam Today

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Vietnam's administrative reform is moving beyond procedural simplification towards deeper structural change.

As of May 2025, compliance with business-related administrative procedures was estimated to cost enterprises more than 120 trillion Vietnamese dong a year,

while the government has set a 2026 target of cutting both processing time and compliance costs by 50% compared with 2024.

The question now is whether these reforms can deliver more fundamental gains,

higher productivity, greater business dynamism and stronger economic competitiveness.

First, let's take a look at the figures that highlight Vietnam's impressive progress since the beginning of the year.

In 2026 alone, 184 administrative procedures and 890 business conditions have been abolished,

with further measures aimed at shifting from paperwork-based administration to data-driven digital services.

As of May 2026, Vietnam had already exceeded some of its key administrative reform targets.

The government reported that administrative processing times has been reduced by 53%, while compliant costs had fallen by 54.6%,

compared with 2024, surpassing the 50% target for both indicators.

As part of the reform drive, 11 new government resolutions have also been issued

and are expected to generate a further reduction of around $870 million in annual compliant costs.

And to explore the topic further, we invited to our program today Adam Aloma, CEO of Maloon Global.

Thank you for joining us.

Pleasure.

Now, Vietnam has made significant progress in simplifying administrative procedures and reducing compliance costs.

From your experience, which reforms have had the most visible impacts on businesses,

whether in investment, taxation, licensing or day-to-day operation?

First of all, thank you for having me.

Second, it's very important we have to understand why any government moves towards reform.

It's due many factors, but the most important one is to build the infrastructure to attract foreign direct investment.

and to utilize the endowments that the government has by providing investment opportunities

that needs badly for foreign direct investment and capital to be injected.

Now, the Vietnamese government did an excellent job in the process of digitalization,

where they moved forward in implementing debt and tax system.

They are shifting towards having the public services offered through digital windows.

Third and most important, and what they are doing is having the process of,

or the seeds of a process of one-stop shop services for business line, for foreign direct investment to be implemented.

So, what we can say about the process that has been taking place within these reforms since 2025,

I think, it's working into two different directions,

which is a smart reform structure that taking care within the,

what we call it, the internal or micro structure of the country

and looking after the externalities where we look for the FDI and provide them with the right platform.

And I can see that what has been done in terms of even eliminating extra administrative load,

which is not needed and minimizing the cost per hour for implementing the administration's procedures and processes,

it will have a big impact.

Beyond saving time and money,

how can simpler administrative procedures improve business efficiency from a project implementation to in recruitment to technology adaptation

and market expansion when you look at the structure of economy

and it's very clear we have public sector we have a private sector

and the private sector always concerned about efficient costing

and implementation of projects now with this reform we can see

there is a big harmony by sensing the needs of the private sector

and especially the private sector in privy in vietnam has a

special unique structure where smes very big in their contribution to the gdp

so this reform it's um i can say it's talking to the one the language of the domestic economy

which is extremely important because if you look to the experiences of any reforming programs taking place overseas or in other countries,

sometimes they ignore the local economy, which means the local players,

the local contribution, especially countries that have huge endowments with lacking resources for investing and utilizing these endowments.

But the reforms that are taking place in Vietnam is being done smartly in a way,

taking care of what's going on within the country with the domestic players in the private sector

and make sure everything will be adding efficiency to their performance,

minimizing the bottlenecks, if we can say,

which is based on the sometimes administrative procedures, licensing.

and other what we call data sharing between different ministries and departments.

So they are doing this extremely well for the local economy.

For foreign invested companies, administrative reform can have a direct impact on one of the most critical factors in investment decisions,

how quickly and efficiently capital can be deployed.

In the past, bringing capital into Vietnam and obtaining approvals for investment projects could be a lengthy process,

particularly when companies had to navigate different regulations and work with multiple agencies.

Bringing capital into Vietnam to expand our investments used to be a very time-consuming process,

while there were often situations where we needed funds quickly to implement projects.

On top of that, completing a single procedure could require cross-referencing multiple laws and consulting different government agencies.

Sometimes each agency or locality would interpret the regulations differently.

Now the process has become much more convenient.

The change is significant for FDI businesses.

Simplified procedures and greater consistencies in regulatory implementation can reduce uncertainty,

shorten project timeline and allow companies to respond more quickly to investment opportunities.

The next challenge is to ensure that these improvements are applied consistently across sectors and localities,

turning administrative reform into a lasting advantage for Vietnam's investment environment.

And now looking at the bigger picture, how does a more predictable and streamlined regulatory environment affect Vietnam's ability to attract investment

and help domestic companies compete in global markets?

This is a very important point.

When you bring FDI, one of the biggest risks that you create disturbance within the local market,

given if the local market doesn't have the capabilities to compete with the FDIs, because normally FDIs come not only with capital, they come with the know-how,

and especially now we are in the era of AI, ASGs, all these economic transformations that happening globally you have to make sure

that the newcomer will support and open the international market to the domestic players

because for example

if i'm coming as fdi the same technology of course i

will be relying heavily on the human talent in in vietnam but the fdi will open a market in the supply chain,

big supply chain for the local players or companies.

And, you know, governments, mostly in all the world, and I'm sure Vietnamese government, they are taking care a lot of this.

one of the prerequisites of the FDI, even the structural partnership that they offer,

they sometimes require a local partnership within the FDI, especially when it comes for certain endowments that what we can call it is a national interest.

Now, reducing procedures does not automatically mean better regulation.

In areas such as taxation, investment, construction and labour, However,

what should policymakers focus on to ensure that reform improves the quality of regulation itself?

This is a very, very interesting question because the reforming process is taking different aspects, taking consideration.

One, what we can call it,

the socio-economic allocation of all these benefits that are happening from the reform.

Second, the reform is going gradually in a way that doesn't create an economic shock, which is extremely important.

And you have to know any reform is associated with risk because reform requires what?

It requires awareness, culture to be embodied, because who's going to execute?

The public servant and the private sector sector.

And above all, that showing what the added value of such reform can add to private,

public and social benefit.

And what they are doing in this matrix, they are doing it in a smart way.

Even there are some indicators.

100

Vietnam from 2024 or 2025 until now achieving such a target, it's phenomenal.

101

Decentralization of decision making in different areas.

102

So, For example, if I'm in hospitality, I need to make a project in Da Nang.

103

I don't need to come and have permission in Hanoi from the officials, which is wonderful in a way to minimize the process of decision-making.

104

It shows that whatever is going on as a reform is moving towards the right direction.

105

JARED BOWEN, Director of Reform in Vietnam is increasingly being evaluated not by how Now many procedures are removed

106

but by whether peoples and businesses experience a more seamless and effective public service.

107

The shift is particularly relevant to sectors where business models and technologies evolve rapidly.

108

In fintech, for example, the ability to bring new services to market efficiently can determine how quickly companies respond to changing consumer demand.

109

Vietnam already has a very dynamic digital economy.

110

So simplifying administrative procedure can have a very direct impact on all industries and in particular fintech.

111

The logic is very simple.

112

Less administrative work means lower cost and faster time to market.

113

All this will make it easier to scale.

114

But as innovation accelerates, the regulatory challenge also becomes more sophisticated.

115

Instead of viewing compliance as their separate layer added after innovation, companies are increasingly looking to incorporate it into the product itself.

116

For sure, this can help companies to develop services such as payment, lending, and other digital financial services and make them accessible to more people.

117

But as digital services become more complex, we also need to think about compliance by design.

118

What does it mean? it means

119

that instead of checking compliance only after a product is built or a new services is sold,

120

we should build these rules and control directly into the technology and the service offering.

121

And for me, this is where administrative simplification and good technology governance come together.

122

We can make it easier to innovate, but at the same time, we will make sure we don't lose control as we move faster.

123

As Vietnam's moves deeper into its digital transformation, administrative reform is becoming more than a question of efficiency.

124

Its longer-term value will depend on whether a simpler, smarter regulatory environment can help businesses innovate faster,

125

expand access to new services, and contribute to stronger productivity across the country.

126

There is also a balance between making business easier and maintaining effective government oversight.

127

in sectors such as finance, healthcare, data and emerging technologies.

128

Where should this balance be drawn?

129

I do believe if you go to any country in the world, if they are doing reform or they are not doing reform,

130

attracting FDI or not attracting FDI,

131

they look what's called the national endowments that should be kept within the hands of the locals.

132

The line that any country in the world should draw is the line

133

that this reform should keep the sovereignty of the country,

134

the political decision and social stability untouched with any reform.

135

Beyond counting the number of procedures eliminated or the amount of cost reduced,

136

what indicators should we use to determine whether administrative reform is genuinely improving business efficiency and productivity?

137

Now, whenever you put a reform process in practice in any economy,

138

you have to set the matrix to measure the success and the failures and the bottlenecks,

139

how to solve it, and the effects within the economy in terms of economic indicators,

140

employment, GDP, productivity of the economy, even marginal productivity of the economy.

141

And from the other side, you have to put the tools that enforce the discipline or governance within this reform, which is very important.

142

And above that, that this reform itself has the mechanism for check and balance and adaptability to change.

143

Looking ahead, which areas of administrative reforms such as digital government,

144

data sharing, business licensing, taxation or investment procedures should Vietnam prioritize to turn reform into a long-term drive of economic growth?

145

You know, one of the major questions in economy always is how you can sustain the growth of any country.

146

If you look to the experiences that are happening in countries when they went to privatization or IMF, International Monetary Fund, reforming programs,

147

one aspect always been ignored, which is the culture of reform.

148

Because when you do reform, it's not just only a process.

149

Who's going to implement this process?

150

And you have to create the culture within the,

151

what we call it, the civil servants or the public sector that this there to be adopted,

152

to be enforced, to be leveraged by benefit to all economy,

153

and the private sector who gives the right feedback about what fits our needs, what will be the future needs.

154

And the private sector here, I'm not talking only the local private sector, even the FDI.

155

So all this process together,

156

I think it will create a successful implementation and integration within the whole matrix of economy.

157

Once again, thank you for your insights, Adam Alouma.

158

Thank you very much for having me.

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Từ vựng và ghi chú luyện nói cho bài học này

Bài luyện nói trình độ B2 này dựa trên video “Procedure and cost reduction”. Những từ được nhắc lại nhiều nhất trong bài: reform, administrative, sector, procedure, investment. Video này có 158 câu và 2162 từ để luyện shadowing. Phần lời nói dài 17:44. Người nói giữ tốc độ đều, khoảng 122 từ mỗi phút, vừa sức để nói đuổi theo. 82% số từ nằm trong 3.000 từ tiếng Anh thông dụng nhất; phần còn lại nên xem trước khi luyện.

Từ vựng quan trọng trong video

15 từ khó nhất trong video, kèm phiên âm và nghĩa:

Từ	Phiên âm	Nghĩa
implement động từ	/ˈɪmpləmənt/	thực hiện, chấp hành
simplify động từ	/ˈsɪmplɪfaɪ/	đơn giản hóa
taxation danh từ	/tækˈseɪ.ʃən/	thuế khoá
simplification danh từ	/ˌsɪm.plɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/	sự đơn giản hóa
servant danh từ	/ˈsɝvənt/	đầy tớ, người hầu
privatization danh từ	/ˌpɹaɪvətaɪˈzeɪʃən/	tư nhân hóa
streamline động từ	/ˈstriːmlaɪn/	tinh giản
procedural tính từ	/pɹəˈsiːd͡ʒ(ə)ɹəl/	theo thủ tục
accelerate động từ	/ɪkˈsɛl.əˌɹeɪt/	tăng tốc
dong danh từ	/dɔŋ/	đồng
microwave danh từ	/ˈmaɪkɹoʊˌweɪv/	vi ba, vi sóng
interpret động từ	/ɪnˈtɜː.pɹɪt/	diễn giải
sovereignty danh từ	/ˈsɑv(ə)ɹənti/	chủ quyền
consume động từ	/kənˈsum/	dùng, tiêu thụ
hospitality danh từ	/ˌhɑ.spɪˈtæl.ə.ti/	lòng mến khách

Ngữ pháp trong video

Những cấu trúc người nói dùng nhiều nhất, kèm đúng cụm từ trong video:

Cấu trúc	Trong video
Câu bị động be + quá khứ phân từ — nhấn vào việc xảy ra, không phải người làm	was estimated · have been abolished · has been reduced
Thì hiện tại hoàn thành have/has + quá khứ phân từ — việc đã xảy ra nhưng còn liên quan đến hiện tại	has set · have been abolished · has been reduced
Mệnh đề quan hệ who / which + mệnh đề — thêm thông tin về người hoặc vật	economy, which means · shock, which is · officials, which is

Phát âm cần chú ý

Người nói dùng 8 dạng rút gọn, ví dụ I'm, doesn't, don't. Hãy nói theo dạng ngắn đúng như bạn nghe.

Âm “sh” và “zh”: taxation /tækˈseɪ.ʃən/, simplification /ˌsɪm.plɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/, structural /ˈstɹʌk(t͡)ʃəɹəl/, abolish /əˈbɑl.ɪʃ/, decentralization /diːˌsɛntɹəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/
Từ dài — đặt trọng âm cho đúng: productivity /ˌpɹɒdʌkˈtɪvəti/, indicator /ˈɪn.dɪˌkeɪ.tə(ɹ)/, simplification /ˌsɪm.plɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/, locality /loʊˈkæl.ɪ.ti/, eliminate /ɪˈlɪm.ɪ.neɪt/

Những âm người Việt thường gặp khó:

Cụm phụ âm cuối — đọc đủ từng âm, đừng nuốt âm cuối: compliance /kəmˈplaɪ.əns/, endowment /ɛnˈdaʊmənt/, implement /ˈɪmpləmənt/, matrix /ˈmeɪ.tɹɪks/, compliant /kəmˈplaɪənt/
Âm /tʃ/, /dʒ/ và /ʒ/ — tiếng Việt không có, đừng đọc thành “ch” hay “gi”: digitalization /ˌdɪdʒɪtəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/, inject /ɪnˈd͡ʒɛkt/, untouched /ʌnˈtʌt͡ʃt/, procedural /pɹəˈsiːd͡ʒ(ə)ɹəl/, marginal /ˈmɑː.d͡ʒɪ.nəl/
Âm /æ/ — mở miệng rộng hơn âm “e”: taxation /tækˈseɪ.ʃən/, locality /loʊˈkæl.ɪ.ti/, adaptability /ədæptəˈbɪlɪti/, externality /ɛkstɚˈnælɪti/, surpass /sɚˈpæs/

Cách luyện với video này

Nghe hết video một lần, chưa cần nói, và ghi lại những từ bạn chưa biết.
Nói đuổi từng câu ở tốc độ bình thường, lặp lại mỗi câu đến khi nhịp của bạn khớp với người nói.
Ghi âm giọng mình rồi so với bản gốc, chú ý các từ như implement, simplify, taxation.

Phương Pháp Shadowing Là Gì?

Shadowing là kỹ thuật học ngôn ngữ có cơ sở khoa học, ban đầu được phát triển cho chương trình đào tạo phiên dịch viên chuyên nghiệp và được phổ biến rộng rãi bởi nhà đa ngôn ngữ học Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Nguyên lý cốt lõi đơn giản nhưng cực kỳ hiệu quả: bạn nghe tiếng Anh của người bản xứ và lặp lại to ngay lập tức — như một "cái bóng" (shadow) đuổi theo người nói với độ trễ chỉ 1–2 giây. Khác với luyện ngữ pháp hay học từ vựng bị động, Shadowing buộc não bộ và cơ miệng phải đồng thời xử lý và tái tạo ngôn ngữ thực tế. Các nghiên cứu khoa học xác nhận phương pháp này cải thiện đáng kể phát âm, ngữ điệu, nhịp điệu, nối âm, kỹ năng nghe và độ lưu loát khi nói — đặc biệt hiệu quả cho người luyện IELTS Speaking và muốn giao tiếp tiếng Anh tự nhiên như người bản ngữ.

Phương pháp shadowing: đọc hướng dẫn từng bước đầy đủ →

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