シャドヌむング緎習: What's an if statement? 🀔 - 動画で英語スピヌキングを孊ぶ

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All right guys, we are on if statements.
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With an if statement, you do something if a condition you set is true.
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If not, then don't do it.
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It's as simple as that.
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We'll ask a user what their age is.
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If their age is greater than or equal to 18, they'll be allowed into our site.
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If they're under 18, well, we won't let them in.
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Let's declare variable age.
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Int age.
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Then we'll create a prompt.
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standard output enter your age.
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Standard input age.
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Okay, this is how to write an if statement.
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You type if, then a set of parentheses, then a set of curly braces.
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If some condition within the parentheses is true, you perform some subset of code.
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We are going to check if age is greater than or equal to 18.
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Greater than or equal to is a comparison operator.
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There's other comparison operators such as less than or equals to, less than, greater than.
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If you need to compare if two values are equal, you use two equal signs.
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You don't wanna say equals because then you're setting age equal to 18.
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Equals is the assignment operator.
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So let's check to see if age is greater than or equal to 18.
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Then we'll print a message.
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Standard output.
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Welcome to the site.
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Okay, let's Let's try this.
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Enter your age.
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Let's say that I'm 12.
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Well, it doesn't do anything.
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Since this condition evaluated to be false, we skip over this body of code.
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If it were true, then we execute it.
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This time my age is 21.
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I hit enter.
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Welcome to the site.
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If you would rather do something else if a condition is false, you can use an else statement.
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An else statement you will place at the end.
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There is no condition.
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Else, we will print standard output.
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You are not old enough to enter.
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Okay, let's try this again.
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Enter your age.
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I'll say that I'm 12.
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You are not old enough to enter.
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That's an if statement.
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If some condition is true, you do something.
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If not, you can do something else or nothing at all.
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There are more conditions you can check by using an else if statement.
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We can check another condition by adding else if.
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If this condition is false, check this else if condition.
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Let's check to see if age is less than zero.
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That means somebody hasn't been born yet.
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You haven't been born yet.
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Okay, now check this out.
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Let's say that my age is negative 10.
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Then I hit enter.
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You haven't been born yet.
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Since this condition was false, we skip this section of code.
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Then we check the else if statement.
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Since this condition was true, we execute this body of code.
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Then skip over the else statement.
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Let's add one more else if statement.
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Else if...
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Age is greater than or equal to 100.
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Standard.
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Output.
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You are too old to enter this site.
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Okay, enter your age.
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I am 120 years old.
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I hit enter.
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Welcome to the site.
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We check these conditions one by one starting from the top.
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We stated that our age was 120 years old.
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Even though we were expecting to execute this body of code, we instead executed this body of code within the if statement.
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That's because our age was technically still greater than or equal to 18.
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So the order of your if and else if statements does matter.
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It makes a difference.
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If we need to execute this body of code, if somebody's age is greater than or equal to 100, well then we should probably move that to the top.
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Then turn it into an if statement.
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Else if age is greater than or equal to 18, we will display this message.
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Let's try this one more time.
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Enter your age.
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I am 120 years old.
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I hit enter.
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You are too old to enter this site.
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So yeah, that's an if statement.
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You do something if a condition is true.
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If not, then you don't do it.
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If you would rather do something else, you can use an else statement.
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If there's other conditions you would like to check before reaching the else statement, you can use an else if statement.
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And there's really no limit to these.
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If you would like a copy of this code, I'll post this in the comment section down below.
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And well, yeah, those are if statements in C++.

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このレッスンの語圙ずスピヌキングのポむント

このB1レベルのスピヌキングレッスンは、動画「What's an if statement? 🀔」を教材にしおいたす。 繰り返し出おくる語は次のずおりですstatement, condition, equal, enter, greater。 この動画には、シャドヌむング甚の文が92文、単語が733語ありたす。 音声の長さは4:53です。 話す速さは1分あたり玄150語で、日垞䌚話に近い自然なペヌスです。 単語の92%は英語の頻出3,000語に含たれるため、語圙は分かりやすいです。

この動画の重芁語圙

動画の䞭で特に難しい単語10語を、発音ず意味぀きで玹介したす。

単語発音意味
execute 動詞/ˈɛksɪˌkjuːt/凊刑する, 消す
skip 動詞/skɪp/はね回る
operator 名詞/ˈɑpəˌɹeɪtɚ/亀換手
parenthesis 名詞/pəˈɹɛn.ξə.sɪs/括匧
subset 名詞/ˈsʌbˌsɛt/郚分集合
curly 圢容詞/ˈkɝli/巻き毛の
evaluate 動詞/ɪˈvaljʊeɪt/評する
declare 動詞/dɪˈklɛɚ/宣蚀する
technically 副詞/ˈtɛk.nɪˌkəl.i/厳密に
variable 圢容詞[ˈvÊɹ.i.ə.blÌ©]可倉, 倉えられる

繰り返し緎習したい文

動画に出おくる短く完結した文です。日垞䌚話でそのたた䜿えたす。

  • We'll ask a user what their age is.
  • Then we'll create a prompt.
  • Then we'll print a message.
  • You haven't been born yet.
  • Let's add one more else if statement.

この動画の文法

話し手がよく䜿っおいる文型を、動画の実際の衚珟ずずもに玹介したす。

文型動画での衚珟
条件文 if + 節, will/would + 動詞 — 条件ずその結果If they're under 18, well, we won't let · If there's other conditions you would like
受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、䜕が起きるかに焊点を圓おるbe allowed · been born
珟圚完了圢 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係しおいるhasn't been born · haven't been born
比范玚 -er than / more 
 than — 二぀のものを比べるgreater than

泚意したい発音

話し手はdon't, we'll, haven'tなど、短瞮圢や匱圢を19回䜿っおいたす。聞こえたずおりの短い圢で発音したしょう。

  • 長い単語アクセントの䜍眮に泚意: operator /ˈɑpəˌɹeɪtɚ/, parenthesis /pəˈɹɛn.ξə.sɪs/, technically /ˈtɛk.nɪˌkəl.i/

日本語話者が苊手な音

  • /v/ — /b/ にならないように、䞊の歯を䞋唇に圓おる: evaluate /ɪˈvaljʊeɪt/, variable [ˈvÊɹ.i.ə.blÌ©]
  • 子音の連続 — 間に母音を入れない: skip /skɪp/, brace /bɹeɪs/, prompt /pɹɑmpt/, assignment /əˈsaɪn.mənt/

この動画での緎習方法

  1. たず声を出さずに動画を最埌たで聞き、知らない単語をメモしたす。
  2. たず0.75倍速で䞀文ず぀シャドヌむングし、慣れおきたら通垞の速床に戻したす。
  3. 自分の声を録音しお元の音声ず比べたす。execute, skip, operatorなどの単語に特に泚意したしょう。

シャドヌむングずは英語䞊達に効果的な理由

シャドヌむングShadowingは、もずもずプロの通蚳者逊成プログラムで開発された蚀語孊習法で、倚蚀語習埗者ずしお知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によっお広く普及されたした。方法はシンプルですが非垞に効果的ネむティブスピヌカヌの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出しおすぐに繰り返す——たるで「圱shadow」のように話者を远いかけたす。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングず異なり、シャドヌむングは脳ず口の筋肉が同時にリアルタむムで英語を凊理・再珟するこずを匷制したす。研究により、発音粟床、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そしお䌚話の流暢さが倧幅に向䞊するこずが確認されおいたす。IELTSスピヌキング察策や自然な英語コミュニケヌションを目指す方に特におすすめです。

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