쉐도잉 연습: 2012: SpaceX: Elon Musk's race to space - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기

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60 Minutes Rewind In the history of spaceflight,

only four entities have launched a space capsule into orbit and successfully brought it back to the Earth.

The United States, Russia, China, and Elon Musk.

Mr. Musk is a wealthy internet entrepreneur who has vowed to revolutionize space exploration by bringing down the astronomical costs.

And that can't happen fast enough for NASA,

which retired the shuttle last summer and now has to pay its old rival Russia to fly American astronauts into space.

Musk is one of the contenders vying for a NASA contract to build America's next manned spacecraft,

a contest he believes he has the right stuff to win.

When the final shuttle mission ended last July, for the first time in three decades, the United States had no way to launch astronauts into space.

It was the end of one era and the beginning of another.

Instead of NASA designing the next manned spacecraft, the White House decided that private industry should design,

build and fly it, opening space to commercial development.

One of the companies vying for that contract is SpaceX.

Elon Musk is the founder and CEO.

What we are experiencing at this moment in time, the turning point in man's reach for space,

going from governments to private companies like yours?

I think we're at the dawn of a new era, and I think it's going to be very exciting.

What we're hoping to do with SpaceX is to push the envelope

and provide a reason for people to be excited and inspired to be human.

Musk is 40 years old, a naturalized American citizen, and reportedly worth nearly $2 billion.

He isn't your typical corporate CEO.

As a teenager, he wrote computer games in his native South Africa before immigrating to the U.S and to Silicon Valley,

where he was one of the most successful internet entrepreneurs, the co-founder of PayPal.

Ladies and gentlemen, Mr. Elon Musk!

Despite a chorus of skeptics,

Musk built a car company called Tesla called Tesla that turns out 5,000 high-end all-electric cars a year.

Another Musk company sells solar power systems.

But his lifelong passion is space.

And when eBay bought PayPal in 2002, Musk started looking for ways to launch his new fortune into orbit.

I went to Russia to look at buying a refurbished ICBM, which is a very trippy experience.

It was very bizarre.

And when I tell people that, they're like, what?

Musk made three trips to Russia trying to buy an intercontinental ballistic missile called the Dnieper.

His plan was bizarre.

Put a greenhouse on the rocket, landed on Mars, and beamed back the pictures.

It would get people really excited, and that would recharge human space exploration.

That was my original idea.

You just wanted to get people interested in space again?

Yes.

Capture the imagination?

Yes.

That was the idea.

Turns out the Dnieper was so expensive his idea never flew

so musk decided that the only way to get an affordable rocket was to build it himself

and he started spacex the odds of me coming into the

rocket business not knowing anything about rockets not having ever built anything i mean i would have to be insane

if i thought the odds are in my favor why even begin

when something is important enough you do it even though the It's not in your favor.

How much of your personal fortune have you poured into this?

A hundred million dollars.

A hundred million dollars into something that you did not believe would work at the beginning.

Yes.

Musk truly believes that low-cost space exploration is essential to the survival of mankind.

I think it's important that humanity become a multi-planet species.

I think most people would agree that a future where we are a spacefaring civilization is inspiring and exciting

compared with one where we are forever confined to Earth until some eventual extinction event.

That's really why I started SpaceX.

SpaceX is housed in a sprawling factory near Los Angeles where fuselages for Boeing 747s used to be built.

From its beginning ten years ago, its goal has been revolutionary change in rocket and spacecraft manufacturing.

Now, tell me, what's that big piece right up there?

That's the second stage of a Falcon 9 rocket.

Instead of multiple companies building parts all across the country, SpaceX builds most of its rockets and spacecraft in-house,

based on Musk's belief that it's more efficient and lowers costs.

1,400 engineers and skilled technicians work here, building engines, rockets, space capsules,

creating mostly from scratch the thousands of components that are the guts of a rocket.

So what that means is raw metal comes in and then we build the engines,

the airframe, the electronics and we integrate all of that together and that's all done more or less under one roof.

Metal comes in one end of this factory, spaceships come out the other.

Final assembly takes place at the Cape Canaveral launch pad.

If the margin is there and we don't have margin to the fourth power, that's fine.

Musk has college degrees in business and physics, but SpaceX is his first venture in aerospace.

He bills himself as chief designer and chief technology officer.

How did you get the expertise to be the chief technology officer of a rocket ship company?

Well, I do have a physics background.

That's helpful as a foundation.

And then I read a lot of books and talked to a lot of smart people.

You're self-taught?

Yeah.

Well, self-taught, yes, meaning I don't have an aerospace degree.

So how did you go about acquiring the knowledge?

Well, like I said, I read a lot of books, talked to a lot of people, and have a great team.

His team is a mixture.

There are newcomers, mostly 30-something engineers, some of them straight out of college, and then there are the skilled technicians

and aerospace veterans former NASA astronaut Garrett Reisman spent three months aboard the space station

and flew on one of the final shuttle missions.

He was brought in to help oversee the company's manned space work.

You know, I'm curious, you have so much background in engineering.

You could have easily gotten a job at Boeing or at Lockheed, but you came here.

If you had a chance to go back in time and work with Howard Hughes when he was creating TWA,

If you had a chance to be there at that moment when it was the dawn of a brand new era, wouldn't you want to do that?

I mean, that's why I'm here.

And that's why most of the engineers we met are here.

Building spaceships is the chance of a lifetime.

If you reach the point of having a successful manned flight, what will you have proven?

We're not doing it to prove anything.

You know, we know it can be done.

We're just trying to do it a little bit differently, a little bit faster and to push the fence a little bit farther out.

And then we can all go, I mean, I want to go into space.

I assume most people here do as well.

100

How many want to ride?

101

Uh-huh, okay.

102

Everybody wants to go.

103

I'm not so sure.

104

Four, three, two, one.

105

Four years after starting, SpaceX rolled out its first rocket, an unmanned booster called the Falcon 1.

106

Falcon has cleared the tower.

107

But the first three test flights failed to reach orbit.

108

We are hearing from the launch control center that there has been an anomaly on the vehicle.

109

When you had that third failure in a row, did you think, I need to pack this in?

110

Never.

111

Why not?

112

I don't ever give up.

113

I mean, I'd have to be dead or completely incapacitated.

114

It turned out that the third failure was caused by a two-second glitch in the timing.

115

Eight weeks later, Musk bet the company on another flight.

116

We have liftoff.

117

And this time around, everything worked.

118

Perfect.

119

If that fourth launch hadn't worked, that would have been it.

120

We would have not had the resources to mount a fifth.

121

You couldn't have gone out at that point?

122

Yes, death would have been, I think, inevitable because we did not have the resources to mount a fifth launch.

123

This is a tricky business.

124

It's tricky.

125

Yeah, I wish it wasn't so hard.

126

The story will continue after this.

127

In 2010, SpaceX tested a larger,

128

more powerful nine-engine rocket called the Falcon 9 and an unmanned cargo capsule known as Dragon.

129

It was the first privately developed rocket designed to carry cargo and eventually astronauts to the space station.

130

MBAC ignition confirmed.

131

3.2 kilometers per second.

132

In its first test flight, the Dragon capsule performed flawlessly, orbiting the Earth twice before splashdown in the Pacific,

133

the first time a private company had launched and recovered its own spacecraft.

134

And this is a historic spacecraft?

135

It is, yeah.

136

We came across the Dragon capsule while Musk was showing us around.

137

You know what I noticed about your cargo ship is that it has windows.

138

Yeah, absolutely.

139

The windows are there in case there's an astronaut on board who wants to look out.

140

But people don't put windows in cargo ships.

141

That's right, exactly.

142

So what that tells me is that this was never intended to be only a cargo ship.

143

No, the Dragon was always designed to carry astronauts.

144

Musk says a manned version of the Dragon capsule will be safer than the space shuttle and a lot cheaper.

145

Engineers are already designing escape rockets, life support equipment, and computer guidance systems.

146

They were studying seating for seven when we were there.

147

Do you believe

148

that your rocket will be the next american rocket to take an astronaut into space i believe

149

that is the most likely outcome yes

150

that sort of confidence has not exactly endeared him to the space establishment

151

or to his competitors there are people who've been in the rocketry business for decades yeah who say about you

152

that you don't know

153

what you don't know well i suppose that's true of anyone how can anyone know what they don't know

154

when critics say you can't do this your answer to them

155

is we've done it he's done it in partnership with nasa

156

which has given spacex technical advice

157

and a contract worth up to 1.6 billion dollars mostly for 12 cargo flights to the space station

158

but spacex's lack of experience bothers some nasa legends like Apollo astronauts Neil Armstrong and Gene Cernan.

159

They've testified to Congress that the Obama administration's drive to commercialize space could compromise safety and eventually cost the taxpayers.

160

Now is the time to overrule this administration's pledge to mediocrity.

161

You know, there are American heroes who don't like this idea.

162

Neil Armstrong, Gene Cernan have both testified against commercial spaceflight in the way that you're developing it.

163

And I wonder what you think of that.

164

I was very sad to see that because those guys are, yeah, you know, those guys are heroes of mine, so it's really tough.

165

You know, I wish they would come and visit and see the hardware that we're doing here.

166

And I think that would change their mind.

167

They inspired you to do this, didn't they?

168

Yes.

169

and to see them casting stones in your direction?

170

It's difficult.

171

Did you expect them to cheer you on?

172

So they're hoping they would.

173

What are you trying to prove to them?

174

What I'm trying to do is to make a significant difference in spaceflight and help make spaceflight accessible to almost anyone.

175

And I would hope for as much support in that direction as we can receive.

176

President Obama made his support clear when he visited SpaceX's launch site just before Falcon 9's first test flight.

177

As this animation shows, Elon Musk's next flight will be far more ambitious, carrying cargo all the way to the space station.

178

It was scheduled to fly in February, but it's taken longer than expected to perfect the flight software.

179

The flight will be a complicated rendezvous with a space station that is moving 17,000 miles an hour, 240 miles above the Earth.

180

Okay, so it looks like our burn performance is nominal.

181

In the SpaceX mission control, flight simulations are continuing.

182

And if all goes well, SpaceX will begin routine space station cargo deliveries later this year.

183

But the big prize is winning the NASA contract to build America's next manned spacecraft.

184

and Elon Musk is facing stiff competition.

185

I'm probably not the guy that most people would bet on. Who wins?

186

It's like a little kid fighting a bunch of sumo wrestlers.

187

Usually the sumo wrestlers win.

188

We're a little scrappy company.

189

Every now and again, a little scrappy company wins.

190

And I think this will be one of those times.

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이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트

이 B2 수준 말하기 레슨은 영상 “2012: SpaceX: Elon Musk's race to space”을(를) 바탕으로 합니다. 가장 자주 반복되는 단어는 다음과 같습니다: space, musk, rocket, spacex, flight. 이 영상에는 섀도잉할 문장 190개와 단어 2151개가 있습니다. 말하는 구간의 길이는 14:30입니다. 화자는 분당 약 148단어의 일정한 속도로 말해서 섀도잉하기에 편한 속도입니다. 영어에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 3,000단어에 속하는 단어가 79%뿐이라 어휘가 어려운 편입니다.

이 영상의 핵심 어휘

영상에서 가장 어려운 단어 15개를 발음, 뜻과 함께 정리했습니다.

단어	발음	뜻
musk 명사	/mʌsk/	사향
astronaut 명사	/ˈæstɹəˌnɔt/	우주비행사
cargo 명사	/ˈkɑɹɡoʊ/	짐, 화물
capsule 명사	/ˈkæps(ə)l/	삭과
shuttle 명사	/ˈʃʌtəl/	북
orbit 명사	/ˈɔɹ.bɪt/	궤도
exploration 명사	/ˌɛkspləˈɹeɪʃən/	탐험, 탐사
spaceship 명사		우주선
sumo 명사	/ˈsuːməʊ/	스모
wrestler 명사		레슬러
technician 명사	/tɛkˈnɪʃən/	기술자, 엔진이어
testify 동사	/ˈtɛstɪfaɪ/	증언하다
entrepreneur 명사	/ˌɑn.tɹə.pɹəˈnɝ/	기업가, 기업인
anomaly 명사	/əˈnɑ.mə.li/	예외
astronomical 형용사	/ˌæs.tɹəˈnɑm.ɪ.kəl/	천문학적

영상에 나오는 구동사

단어	발음	뜻
come out 동사	/ˌkʌm ˈaʊt/	나오다
give up 동사		항복하다

따라 말해 볼 만한 문장

영상에 나오는 짧고 완결된 문장으로, 일상 대화에서 그대로 쓸 수 있습니다:

And when I tell people that, they're like, what?
You couldn't have gone out at that point?
They inspired you to do this, didn't they?
Did you expect them to cheer you on?
What are you trying to prove to them?

이 영상의 문법

화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.

문형	영상 속 표현
현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때	have launched · has vowed · has been
수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점	is housed · was brought · can be done

주의할 발음

화자는 don't, we're, I'm 같은 축약형과 약화된 형태를 35번 사용합니다. 들리는 대로 짧게 발음하세요.

“sh”와 “zh” 소리: shuttle /ˈʃʌtəl/, exploration /ˌɛkspləˈɹeɪʃən/, technician /tɛkˈnɪʃən/, commercialize /kəˈmɚʃəˌlaɪz/, fuselage /ˈfjuːzəˌlɑːʒ/
긴 단어 — 강세 위치에 주의: exploration /ˌɛkspləˈɹeɪʃən/, entrepreneur /ˌɑn.tɹə.pɹəˈnɝ/, anomaly /əˈnɑ.mə.li/, astronomical /ˌæs.tɹəˈnɑm.ɪ.kəl/, commercialize /kəˈmɚʃəˌlaɪz/

한국어 화자가 어려워하는 소리:

/f/ — ㅍ(/p/)으로 바꾸지 말고 윗니를 아랫입술에 대기: spacecraft /ˈspeɪsˌkɹæft/, testify /ˈtɛstɪfaɪ/, airframe /ˈɛɹ.fɹe(ɪ)m/, confine /ˈkɑnfaɪn/, flawlessly /ˈflɔːləsli/
/v/ — ㅂ(/b/)과 구별하기: vie /vaɪ/, overrule /ˌoʊ.vɚˈɹul/, rendezvous /ˈɹɑndəˌvu/, revolutionize /ˌɹɛv.əˈl(j)u.ʃəˌnaɪz/, oversee /ˌəʊ.vəˈsiː/
/z/ — ㅈ이 아니라 성대를 울리는 /s/: bizarre /bɪˈzɑː(ɹ)/, commercialize /kəˈmɚʃəˌlaɪz/, fuselage /ˈfjuːzəˌlɑːʒ/, naturalize /ˈnæt͡ʃəɹəˌlaɪz/, revolutionize /ˌɹɛv.əˈl(j)u.ʃəˌnaɪz/

이 영상으로 연습하는 방법

먼저 말하지 않고 영상을 끝까지 듣고 모르는 단어를 적어 둡니다.
보통 속도로 한 문장씩 섀도잉하고, 화자의 리듬과 맞을 때까지 반복합니다.
자신의 목소리를 녹음해 원본과 비교하고, musk, astronaut, cargo 같은 단어에 특히 주의합니다.

쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법

쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.

섀도잉 방법: 단계별 전체 가이드 읽기 →

쉐도잉 연습: 2012: SpaceX: Elon Musk's race to space - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기

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이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트

이 영상의 핵심 어휘

영상에 나오는 구동사

따라 말해 볼 만한 문장

이 영상의 문법

주의할 발음

이 영상으로 연습하는 방법

쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법