쉐도잉 연습: A, AN, THE - Articles in English - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기
레슨 만드는 중...
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Hello, and welcome to the next video.
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Today, I'm going to teach you about a very difficult, confusing, fun, maybe, grammar point.
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It's called articles.
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Oh, really?
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Yeah.
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Articles are confusing.
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There are many, many rules in English about articles.
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I do not have the time the energy to teach you all of them
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but I'll do my best okay
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and what are articles first of all articles are a
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and and the articles come before a noun a A noun is a person,
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a place, or a thing.
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So, I'm going to generalize here and say that before most nouns in English, you have to use an article.
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Of course, there are millions of exceptions to what I've just said.
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Sometimes we do not use an article with a noun.
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That's a whole other lesson, a whole other time warp for your brain.
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We're going to stick to these ones.
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When to use a, an, and the before a noun in a proper English sentence.
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We use these when we speak, when we write, and they're very important in grammar.
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So there's no way to avoid these.
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I'll help you.
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Don't worry.
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The first one is an.
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An's easy.
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It's the easiest.
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We'll do this one first.
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An is a singular noun.
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is used in a singular noun, it's an article and we use it before the noun that starts with a vowel.
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Now, the pronunciation of this word sounds like vowel.
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The vowels in English, we have five vowels in English.
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They are a e me, I,
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O, and you.
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Now, everyone who speaks Spanish,
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Portuguese, Italian, any of our Latin American friends or Latin language speakers, you're going to mix up these two vowels, E and I.
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Let me teach you one thing that will help you.
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If you can remember that you have to dot your I, you're going to get the pronunciation of this word.
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So this word, or this letter, sorry, when you write this letter, you always have to put a pink, a dot, in the middle of a word.
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So you're going to remember that this I, you can make a nice little I here to help you. So I.
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When you write this word by itself, you have to use a capital.
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So this would only be in the middle of a word, but the pronunciation is the same, I.
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So, if you have a vowel, A -E -I -O -U,
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that begins the noun, you have to use an. For example, I.
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Yay!
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We have to say an I, Because the word I begins with a vowel.
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If the word begins with this word, with this letter I, for example, ice cream!
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Yay!
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We have to say, I'd like an ice cream.
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Do you like ice cream?
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Or, if the word begins with a vowel sound.
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What is a vowel sound, Ronnie?
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A vowel sound is usually always the letter H.
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For example the word
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Hour we do not even say the H word it sounds like we're saying hour
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So because this word hour sounds like a vowel because the H is silent.
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We have to say an hour Okay, you got it you're with me an hour so
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an We used before a vowel or before a vowel sound usually a noun that begins with an H
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The next one is A.
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The very first letter of our alphabet.
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A is a vowel.
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Don't let that confuse you.
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A we use for, again, a singular noun.
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All of these are going to be used with singular nouns.
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If the noun is plural, if the noun has an S, do not use an article.
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So, a, we use for a singular noun in a general form.
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You can think of this easier as replacing it with the word any.
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So, if you go to a coffee shop and they have five muffins and they're all the same muffin,
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you're going to say to the person that works at the coffee shop, Hello, I'd like a muffin.
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You do not get to choose or pick what muffin you get.
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You can choose the flavor, but you cannot specifically choose which muffin you would like.
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It's the same as saying any.
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It's like saying, I'd like any muffin.
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Just give me a muffin.
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I want a muffin.
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I'd like anything.
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Just give me something.
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Okay?
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It's used for when you don't care which one it is.
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You just want one of something.
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A. If my nose was stuffy and I had to blow my nose, I would ask someone, do you have a Kleenex?
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I don't have to go through the box of Kleenexes.
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No, I don't want that one.
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Yes, this, no, you're just going to get a Kleenex and you're going to blow your nose, okay?
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So, a and an, the only difference is an you use before a vowel.
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As an example, you can say, I'd like a cookie.
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I was gonna write coffee.
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Maybe I want a coffee right now, but I would definitely rather have a cookie.
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I don't care which cookie you give me.
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Just give me a cookie.
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I'm a cookie monster.
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Okay, so I'd like a cookie.
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I'd like any cookie.
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The next is the.
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The next is the.
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The is opposite to a.
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The means something very, very, very specific.
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General and specific are opposites.
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This means you actually choose which one you are going to get.
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Think about this when you go shopping.
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You do not walk into a store and go, hi, could I have a shirt?
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I don't care what it looks like I don't care how
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much it is just give me a shirt this never happens ladies
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when you go shopping for shoes you just don't go into the shoe store
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and say just a pair of shoes please just a pair
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of shoes don't care size 8 fine anything no we want
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to go through all of the shoes we want to try them all on we want to get a handbag
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and match them with our shoes and choose the shoes of our dreams
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so you're gonna not say a pair of shoes you're gonna
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say the shoes another very confusing thing about
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the is the second time you talk about the same noun in a phrase.
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You have to put the second noun with the.
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For example, this is a little more difficult.
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I bought some fruit.
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Okay, fruit is an uncountable noun.
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If the noun is uncountable, we do not use an article.
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I bought some fruit.
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The fruit was bad.
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But Ronnie, you just said if it's an uncountable noun, we don't use an article.
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What are you doing?
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Have you lost your mind?
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No. This is a grammar rule.
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The first time I talk about the fruit, I use no article because it's uncountable.
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But, the second time I'm talking about the same noun, I have to.
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I don't know why.
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I just have to.
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It's a rule.
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So I have to say the fruit.
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The fruit was bad.
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The third point when we use the article the, the article the, I'm using articles all the time,
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is when the speaker and the listener or the reader, whatever, if you're reading or listening,
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know, they both know which noun you are talking about.
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For example, if you and your friend go to the same school, you have to say the school.
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If I was talking to my friend on the phone and I said, hey, yeah, oh, I left my book at the school.
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My friend and I both know what school I am talking about.
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In my city, there are 2 .5 million schools.
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There's a lot of schools in Toronto.
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There are 2 .5 million people.
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And a lot of people go to different schools.
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But because my friend and I go to the same school, I have to say, the school.
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I'm going to go to the school tomorrow.
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You and I both know we're talking about the same one okay the next one is We use with countries,
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but only one percent of the countries of the world So I ask you what country are you from I?
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am from Canada We have listeners from all over the world.
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I would guarantee
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that 99 % of you would not use an article with your country name I come from Canada below Canada.
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There's a country.
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It's a big country called Anyone know below Canada geography time the United States of America or shorter the USA a
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Lot of people their ancestors I am in Canada came from a country
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or group of countries called the United Kingdom the United Kingdom
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and There's a country in the Middle East called the United Arab Emirates.
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Is anyone from there?
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I went there once in an airplane.
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It's cool.
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The United States, the United Kingdom, the United Arab Emirates.
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All of these three countries,
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we have to use the because there is the word united in the title of the country.
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I do not say the Canada.
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I do not say the Japan.
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If the word has united in it, I say the.
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The second one is if the country has more than two words in the name, you're going to say the.
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For example, New Zealand.
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New Zealand only has two words.
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I do not say the New Zealand.
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If it has more than two words, I have to put the in front of the country.
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The last one is the most difficult.
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If you were like me and did not do well in geography class, this one's hard.
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We have to use the if the country is comprised of tiny or small islands.
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I do not expect everyone in the world to know which countries are made of small islands, But to help you out,
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off the top of my head, the Philippines.
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If you look in a map, the Philippines has many tiny little islands that make one country.
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Another example would be the West Indies, the Canary Islands.
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These are all places that have small islands that form one country.
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So if you look at Japan, for example, Japan has maybe five or more islands, but they're quite large
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so we cannot use this as the Japan they have to be very small islands I hope you understand this
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if you have a question please leave me a comment if you need more help with this please ask me bye
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이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트
이 영상에는 섀도잉할 문장 174개와 단어 1757개가 있습니다. 말하는 구간의 길이는 14:12입니다. 화자는 분당 약 124단어의 일정한 속도로 말해서 섀도잉하기에 편한 속도입니다. 단어의 84%가 영어에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 3,000단어에 속합니다. 나머지는 연습 전에 미리 확인해 두세요.
이 영상의 핵심 어휘
영상에 나오는 익혀 둘 만한 단어 15개를 발음, 뜻과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 단어 | 발음 | 뜻 |
|---|---|---|
| noun 명사 | /naʊn/ | 명사 |
| shoe 명사 | /ˈʃu/ | 신발, 신 |
| cookie 명사 | /ˈkʊki/ | 쿠키, 비스킷 |
| singular 형용사 | /ˈsɪŋ.ɡjə.lɚ/ | 단일(單一)하다, 유일(唯一)하다 |
| confuse 동사 | /kənˈfjuːz/ | 혼란시키다 |
| grammar 명사 | /ˈɡɹæm.ə(ɹ)/ | Korean: 문법, 문법학 |
| pronunciation 명사 | /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/ | 발음 |
| geography 명사 | /d͡ʒiˈɑɡɹəfi/ | 지리학 |
| listener 명사 | /ˈlɪs(ə)nɚ/ | 경청자, 청취자 |
| lesson 명사 | /ˈlɛs.ən/ | 수업, 과 |
| silent 형용사 | /ˈsaɪ̯lənt/ | 조용하다 |
| guarantee 명사 | /ˌɡæɹ.ənˈtiː/ | 보증 |
| exception 명사 | /əkˈsɛpʃən/ | 제외, 례외 |
| reader 명사 | /ˈɹi.dɚ/ | 독자, 읽는 사람 |
| phrase 명사 | /ˈfɹeɪ̯z/ | 어구, 구 |
이 영상의 문법
화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 문형 | 영상 속 표현 |
|---|---|
| 현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때 | I've just said · has united |
| 수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점 | is comprised · are made |
| 최상급 the -est / the most … — 집단에서 가장 높거나 낮은 것 | the easiest · the most difficult |
| “going to” 미래 be going to + 동사 — 계획이나 곧 일어날 것이 분명한 일 | I'm going to teach · I'm going to generalize · We're going to stick |
주의할 발음
화자는 don't, you're, I'd 같은 축약형과 약화된 형태를 49번 사용합니다. 들리는 대로 짧게 발음하세요.
- “sh”와 “zh” 소리: shoe /ˈʃu/, pronunciation /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/, exception /əkˈsɛpʃən/
- 긴 단어 — 강세 위치에 주의: pronunciation /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/, geography /d͡ʒiˈɑɡɹəfi/, generalize /ˈd͡ʒɛn.(ə.)ɹə.laɪz/
이 영상으로 연습하는 방법
- 먼저 말하지 않고 영상을 끝까지 듣고 모르는 단어를 적어 둡니다.
- 보통 속도로 한 문장씩 섀도잉하고, 화자의 리듬과 맞을 때까지 반복합니다.
- 자신의 목소리를 녹음해 원본과 비교하고, noun, shoe, cookie 같은 단어에 특히 주의합니다.
쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법
쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.