Shadowing Practice: A, AN, THE - Articles in English - Learn English Speaking with Video
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Hello, and welcome to the next video.
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Today, I'm going to teach you about a very difficult, confusing, fun, maybe, grammar point.
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It's called articles.
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Oh, really?
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Yeah.
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Articles are confusing.
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There are many, many rules in English about articles.
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I do not have the time the energy to teach you all of them
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but I'll do my best okay
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and what are articles first of all articles are a
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and and the articles come before a noun a A noun is a person,
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a place, or a thing.
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So, I'm going to generalize here and say that before most nouns in English, you have to use an article.
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Of course, there are millions of exceptions to what I've just said.
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Sometimes we do not use an article with a noun.
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That's a whole other lesson, a whole other time warp for your brain.
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We're going to stick to these ones.
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When to use a, an, and the before a noun in a proper English sentence.
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We use these when we speak, when we write, and they're very important in grammar.
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So there's no way to avoid these.
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I'll help you.
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Don't worry.
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The first one is an.
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An's easy.
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It's the easiest.
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We'll do this one first.
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An is a singular noun.
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is used in a singular noun, it's an article and we use it before the noun that starts with a vowel.
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Now, the pronunciation of this word sounds like vowel.
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The vowels in English, we have five vowels in English.
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They are a e me, I,
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O, and you.
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Now, everyone who speaks Spanish,
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Portuguese, Italian, any of our Latin American friends or Latin language speakers, you're going to mix up these two vowels, E and I.
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Let me teach you one thing that will help you.
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If you can remember that you have to dot your I, you're going to get the pronunciation of this word.
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So this word, or this letter, sorry, when you write this letter, you always have to put a pink, a dot, in the middle of a word.
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So you're going to remember that this I, you can make a nice little I here to help you. So I.
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When you write this word by itself, you have to use a capital.
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So this would only be in the middle of a word, but the pronunciation is the same, I.
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So, if you have a vowel, A -E -I -O -U,
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that begins the noun, you have to use an. For example, I.
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Yay!
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We have to say an I, Because the word I begins with a vowel.
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If the word begins with this word, with this letter I, for example, ice cream!
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Yay!
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We have to say, I'd like an ice cream.
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Do you like ice cream?
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Or, if the word begins with a vowel sound.
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What is a vowel sound, Ronnie?
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A vowel sound is usually always the letter H.
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For example the word
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Hour we do not even say the H word it sounds like we're saying hour
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So because this word hour sounds like a vowel because the H is silent.
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We have to say an hour Okay, you got it you're with me an hour so
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an We used before a vowel or before a vowel sound usually a noun that begins with an H
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The next one is A.
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The very first letter of our alphabet.
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A is a vowel.
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Don't let that confuse you.
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A we use for, again, a singular noun.
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All of these are going to be used with singular nouns.
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If the noun is plural, if the noun has an S, do not use an article.
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So, a, we use for a singular noun in a general form.
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You can think of this easier as replacing it with the word any.
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So, if you go to a coffee shop and they have five muffins and they're all the same muffin,
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you're going to say to the person that works at the coffee shop, Hello, I'd like a muffin.
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You do not get to choose or pick what muffin you get.
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You can choose the flavor, but you cannot specifically choose which muffin you would like.
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It's the same as saying any.
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It's like saying, I'd like any muffin.
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Just give me a muffin.
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I want a muffin.
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I'd like anything.
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Just give me something.
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Okay?
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It's used for when you don't care which one it is.
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You just want one of something.
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A. If my nose was stuffy and I had to blow my nose, I would ask someone, do you have a Kleenex?
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I don't have to go through the box of Kleenexes.
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No, I don't want that one.
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Yes, this, no, you're just going to get a Kleenex and you're going to blow your nose, okay?
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So, a and an, the only difference is an you use before a vowel.
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As an example, you can say, I'd like a cookie.
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I was gonna write coffee.
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Maybe I want a coffee right now, but I would definitely rather have a cookie.
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I don't care which cookie you give me.
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Just give me a cookie.
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I'm a cookie monster.
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Okay, so I'd like a cookie.
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I'd like any cookie.
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The next is the.
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The next is the.
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The is opposite to a.
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The means something very, very, very specific.
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General and specific are opposites.
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This means you actually choose which one you are going to get.
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Think about this when you go shopping.
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You do not walk into a store and go, hi, could I have a shirt?
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I don't care what it looks like I don't care how
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much it is just give me a shirt this never happens ladies
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when you go shopping for shoes you just don't go into the shoe store
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and say just a pair of shoes please just a pair
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of shoes don't care size 8 fine anything no we want
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to go through all of the shoes we want to try them all on we want to get a handbag
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and match them with our shoes and choose the shoes of our dreams
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so you're gonna not say a pair of shoes you're gonna
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say the shoes another very confusing thing about
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the is the second time you talk about the same noun in a phrase.
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You have to put the second noun with the.
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For example, this is a little more difficult.
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I bought some fruit.
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Okay, fruit is an uncountable noun.
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If the noun is uncountable, we do not use an article.
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I bought some fruit.
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The fruit was bad.
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But Ronnie, you just said if it's an uncountable noun, we don't use an article.
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What are you doing?
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Have you lost your mind?
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No. This is a grammar rule.
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The first time I talk about the fruit, I use no article because it's uncountable.
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But, the second time I'm talking about the same noun, I have to.
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I don't know why.
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I just have to.
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It's a rule.
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So I have to say the fruit.
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The fruit was bad.
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The third point when we use the article the, the article the, I'm using articles all the time,
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is when the speaker and the listener or the reader, whatever, if you're reading or listening,
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know, they both know which noun you are talking about.
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For example, if you and your friend go to the same school, you have to say the school.
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If I was talking to my friend on the phone and I said, hey, yeah, oh, I left my book at the school.
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My friend and I both know what school I am talking about.
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In my city, there are 2 .5 million schools.
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There's a lot of schools in Toronto.
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There are 2 .5 million people.
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And a lot of people go to different schools.
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But because my friend and I go to the same school, I have to say, the school.
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I'm going to go to the school tomorrow.
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You and I both know we're talking about the same one okay the next one is We use with countries,
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but only one percent of the countries of the world So I ask you what country are you from I?
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am from Canada We have listeners from all over the world.
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I would guarantee
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that 99 % of you would not use an article with your country name I come from Canada below Canada.
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There's a country.
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It's a big country called Anyone know below Canada geography time the United States of America or shorter the USA a
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Lot of people their ancestors I am in Canada came from a country
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or group of countries called the United Kingdom the United Kingdom
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and There's a country in the Middle East called the United Arab Emirates.
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Is anyone from there?
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I went there once in an airplane.
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It's cool.
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The United States, the United Kingdom, the United Arab Emirates.
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All of these three countries,
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we have to use the because there is the word united in the title of the country.
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I do not say the Canada.
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I do not say the Japan.
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If the word has united in it, I say the.
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The second one is if the country has more than two words in the name, you're going to say the.
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For example, New Zealand.
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New Zealand only has two words.
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I do not say the New Zealand.
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If it has more than two words, I have to put the in front of the country.
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The last one is the most difficult.
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If you were like me and did not do well in geography class, this one's hard.
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We have to use the if the country is comprised of tiny or small islands.
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I do not expect everyone in the world to know which countries are made of small islands, But to help you out,
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off the top of my head, the Philippines.
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If you look in a map, the Philippines has many tiny little islands that make one country.
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Another example would be the West Indies, the Canary Islands.
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These are all places that have small islands that form one country.
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So if you look at Japan, for example, Japan has maybe five or more islands, but they're quite large
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so we cannot use this as the Japan they have to be very small islands I hope you understand this
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if you have a question please leave me a comment if you need more help with this please ask me bye
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Bu dersin kelimeleri ve konuşma notları
Bu videoda gölgeleme çalışması için 174 cümle ve 1757 kelime var. Konuşma bölümü 14:12 sürüyor. Konuşmacı dakikada yaklaşık 124 kelimelik dengeli bir hızla konuşuyor; gölgeleme için rahat bir tempo. Kelimelerin %84’i İngilizcede en sık kullanılan 3.000 kelime arasında; geri kalanına başlamadan önce bakmakta fayda var.
Bu videodaki önemli kelimeler
Videodan öğrenmeye değer 15 kelime, telaffuzu ve anlamıyla:
| Kelime | Telaffuz | Anlam |
|---|---|---|
| noun isim | /naʊn/ | ad, isim |
| shoe isim | /ˈʃu/ | kundura, ayakkabı |
| cookie isim | /ˈkʊki/ | kurabiye |
| singular sıfat | /ˈsɪŋ.ɡjə.lɚ/ | tek, spesifik |
| litter isim | /ˈlɪt.ɚ/ | altlık |
| confuse fiil | /kənˈfjuːz/ | karıştırmak |
| grammar isim | /ˈɡɹæm.ə(ɹ)/ | dil bilgisi, gramer |
| pronunciation isim | /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/ | telaffuz, okunuş |
| geography isim | /d͡ʒiˈɑɡɹəfi/ | coğrafya |
| listener isim | /ˈlɪs(ə)nɚ/ | dinleyici |
| lesson isim | /ˈlɛs.ən/ | ders, çimke |
| silent sıfat | /ˈsaɪ̯lənt/ | sessiz |
| guarantee isim | /ˌɡæɹ.ənˈtiː/ | garanti, güvence |
| exception isim | /əkˈsɛpʃən/ | istisna |
| reader isim | /ˈɹi.dɚ/ | okuyucu |
Bu videodaki dil bilgisi
Konuşmacının en çok kullandığı yapılar, videodaki sözcüklerin aynısıyla:
| Yapı | Videoda |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + fiilin üçüncü hâli — geçmişte olan ama şimdi de önemli olan bir eylem | I've just said · Have you lost · has united |
| Edilgen yapı be + fiilin üçüncü hâli — kimin yaptığı değil, ne olduğu önemli | is comprised · are made |
| En üstünlük the -est / the most … — bir grubun en üstü ya da en altı | my best · the easiest · the most difficult |
| “going to” ile gelecek be going to + fiil — bir plan ya da olacağı belli olan bir şey | I'm going to teach · I'm going to generalize · We're going to stick |
Dikkat edilecek telaffuzlar
Konuşmacı don't, you're, I'd gibi kısaltılmış biçimleri 49 kez kullanıyor. Bunları duyduğunuz gibi kısa söyleyin.
- “sh” ve “zh” sesleri: shoe /ˈʃu/, pronunciation /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/, exception /əkˈsɛpʃən/
- Uzun kelimeler — vurguyu doğru yere koyun: pronunciation /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/, geography /d͡ʒiˈɑɡɹəfi/, generalize /ˈd͡ʒɛn.(ə.)ɹə.laɪz/
Bu videoyla nasıl çalışılır
- Videonun tamamını konuşmadan bir kez dinleyin ve bilmediğiniz kelimeleri not edin.
- Normal hızda cümle cümle tekrar edin; ritminiz konuşmacıyla aynı olana kadar her cümleyi yineleyin.
- Kendinizi kaydedin ve orijinaliyle karşılaştırın; noun, shoe, cookie gibi kelimelere özellikle dikkat edin.
Gölgeleme Tekniği Nedir?
Gölgeleme, başlangıçta profesyonel tercüman eğitimi için geliştirilen ve çok dilli Dr. Alexander Arguelles tarafından popüler hale getirilen, bilim destekli bir dil öğrenme tekniğidir. Yöntem basit ama güçlüdür: ana dili İngilizce olan bir sesi dinler ve hemen yüksek sesle tekrar edersiniz — konuşmacıyı 1-2 saniye gecikmeyle takip eden bir gölge gibi. Pasif dinleme veya dilbilgisi alıştırmalarının aksine, gölgeleme beyninizi ve ağız kaslarınızı gerçek konuşma kalıplarını eşzamanlı olarak işlemeye ve yeniden üretmeye zorlar. Araştırmalar, telaffuz doğruluğu, tonlama, ritim, bağlı konuşma, dinleme anlama ve konuşma akıcılığını önemli ölçüde geliştirdiğini göstermektedir — bu da onu IELTS Konuşma hazırlığı ve gerçek dünya İngilizce iletişimi için en etkili yöntemlerden biri yapar.