쉐도잉 연습: Climate Change Debate | Barry Gardiner MP | Proposition (3/8) - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기
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I now look to Barry Gardner to continue the case for the proposition.
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Mr. President, it's the Chamber of Secrets.
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Harry Potter has just killed the basilisk, and he's in Dumbledore's office, and he's troubled.
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He's troubled because he's seen all these similarities between himself and he who must not be named.
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And he wants to know why was it that the sorting hat put him in Gryffindor and not in Slytherin?
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And Dumbledore, not unreasonably, reminds him that he actually asked the sorting hat to put him in Gryffindor.
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And that is the moment.
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That is the moment that Dumbledore utters the most important and profound line in the entire seven volumes of the Hogwarts saga.
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Hogwarts saga.
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You see, Harry, it's our choices that show what we truly are far more than our abilities.
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Our choices.
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Whatever the science, whatever the technology, whoever happens to be in the White House,
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whatever the economics, we We have to choose to do something about climate change.
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Apathy is the antidote to choice.
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It's the kryptonite of the superman that is actionable.
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You're students.
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You know all about it.
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Apathy is your worst self.
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Apathy is that student Essie syndrome that says, Due tomorrow?
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Due tomorrow.
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Apathy, indifference, lack of interest, impassivity, detachment, coolness, lack of concern.
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Lack of concern.
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You see, the problem is not the 13% of the people of the United Kingdom
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who refuse to accept the science that tells us that climate change is being caused by human activity.
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The skeptics aren't the problem.
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Facts don't stop being facts because some bonehead disagrees with them.
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You don't actually need a majority of the population to agree that dolphins exist.
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They just do.
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You wouldn't decide to take a poll to find out whether seven is the square root of 49.
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It just is.
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The problem is not the skeptical minority who don't believe.
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It's the apathetic majority that know damn well what the science says, but just can't be bothered to do anything about it.
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The danger lies in the otherwise thoroughly rational person who accepts the science,
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knows that sea levels are rising, that adverse weather events are increasing in both frequency and severity,
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that desertification on the equator is leading to famine,
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but says What is it to me if in 30 years' time people in Bangladesh have nowhere to go,
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or people in the Horn of Africa have nothing to eat?
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Why should that make me sacrifice my standard of living now?
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Don't expect me to do without my 4x4 Chelsea tractor for them.
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It's their problem, not mine.
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Because you are neither hot nor cold, I will spew you out of my mouth.
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That's what St. John the Divine says in the book of Revelation about those who are apathetic.
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For most people, distance in miles and distance in time matters,
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particularly when it comes to how much we care.
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You see, for many people, the cost of immediate action to tackle climate change is simply too great
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when set against that more distant benefit of a sustainable future.
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In economics, it's known as the discount rate.
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Some people think it is simply an economic problem,
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that you have to show that it makes economic sense for people now to change their behaviour by changing the discount rate.
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But I think it's not an economic problem.
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I think it's a problem of ethics.
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It's a problem of how we overcome human apathy with human empathy.
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Tonight, the opposition are going to try to reassure you that apathy is okay.
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Indifference to the future survival of, well, our species is not something to be overly concerned about.
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They'll try to get you to be apathetic about apathy.
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So who are these guys?
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Well, he is the former Secretary of Energy of a country where most of the population believe that climate change is fake,
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but that professional wrestling is the real thing.
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This is the Energy Secretary who publicly tried to justify bragging for shale gas
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and dismiss claims about the damage from methane emissions by reassuring the public
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that they don't last as long in the atmosphere as CO2.
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Shame he forgot to mention that even though they don't last as long, over a 100 year period,
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they are between 28 and 36 times more potent in their warming effect on the planet than CO2.
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This guy was so apathetic he couldn't even be bothered to tell the public the truth,
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even though it was the official scientific finding of the US Environmental Protection Agency of the administration in which he served.
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Natalie Bennett will ever so earnestly try to persuade you
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that the danger to our climate comes from a lack of energy efficiency and the need for more renewables.
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She'll tell you that there are 19 million homes in the UK rated D or below.
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She will point to the waste of money
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and the burning of fossil fuels that are contributing to high household bills and to global warming and climate change.
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But she won't tell you that the biggest impediment to achieving these savings is
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that people don't want the hassle of having to clear out their loft to lay down layers of rock wool insulation.
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They can't be bothered to redecorate their living room after they've put thinsulation on their walls
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or ruined the look of their home by sticking cladding on the outside.
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It's inertia, it's apathy that is holding us back from doing the things
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that she will rightly tell you we need to do.
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We know how to avoid global warming above pre-industrial levels of more than two degrees.
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Eighty percent of all the identified reserves of fossil fuel must stay in the ground.
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you've got to wonder why companies keep searching for
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more yes of course I'd
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love it well
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look it's a wonderful point and
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and and it places the blame fairly and and squarely on the corporations,
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like Chris did, the corporations and the politicians.
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But if the solution is about top-down and not bottom-up, if the solution is Donald Trump,
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if the solution is from the top-down, down, the world hasn't done very well at building that solution and achieving progress so far.
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We know how to avoid global warming.
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You've got to wonder why companies keep searching for more and more fossil fuel, and the answer is that it shows up in their reserves and in their accounts as an asset,
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and it keeps their share price high.
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But as the world starts to implement the Paris Agreement, it becomes increasingly apparent that these companies have stranded assets, fuel that they can't burn,
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plant that is increasingly redundant as the world relies more
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and more upon renewable technology to achieve its goal of below 2 degrees and as close to 1.5 as possible.
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The largest institutional investors are pension funds.
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And up to now, they have not bothered.
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They just haven't been worried about the overvaluation of their companies that their money's been invested in.
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But Mark Carney and Michael Bloomberg broke through that apathy.
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They launched and led the Financial Stability Board's Task Force on Climate-Related Financial Disclosure,
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More than 100 firms with market capitalisation over 3.3 trillion,
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24 trillion in assets have now supported the need for climate-related disclosures.
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That's what can be achieved.
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These are the sort of resources that can be mobilised to combat climate change when you overcome individual apathy.
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And you know this, because it was you, the students of Oxford, that lobbied your university to look at its own investment portfolio.
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It was you that started the campaign to get the university to divest from fossil fuels.
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The university authorities had been apathetic.
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You were not.
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You engaged with the university's investment committee, you got the university council to move the fund,
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so it now has no direct holdings in coal or in tar sands companies.
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So when you vote at the end of this evening, vote for yourselves.
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Vote for your achievement in overcoming apathy.
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Vote in favour of the motion that individual apathy is the greatest danger to our climate and pledge yourselves.
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pledge yourselves to live as the inspiring, the empathetic, the justice-seeking, the change-embracing,
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the wonderful human beings that you are.
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Because you see, Harry, it's your choices far more than your abilities that show who you truly are.
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이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트
이 영상에는 섀도잉할 문장 113개와 단어 1396개가 있습니다. 말하는 구간의 길이는 11:18입니다. 화자는 분당 약 123단어의 일정한 속도로 말해서 섀도잉하기에 편한 속도입니다. 단어의 84%가 영어에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 3,000단어에 속합니다. 나머지는 연습 전에 미리 확인해 두세요.
이 영상의 핵심 어휘
영상에 나오는 익혀 둘 만한 단어 15개를 발음, 뜻과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 단어 | 발음 | 뜻 |
|---|---|---|
| fossil 명사 | /ˈfɑsl̩/ | 화석 |
| overcome 동사 | /ˌəʊ.vəˈkʌm/ | 극복하다, 이겨내다 |
| asset 명사 | /ˈæsɛt/ | 자산 |
| yourselves | /jəˈsɛlvz/ | 당신 자신 |
| economics 명사 | /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪks/ | 경제학 |
| discount 명사 | /ˈdɪskaʊnt/ | 할인 |
| pledge 명사 | /plɛd͡ʒ/ | 서약, 맹세 |
| atmosphere 명사 | /ˈætməsˌfɪɹ/ | 대기, 대기권 |
| sand 명사 | /sænd/ | 모래 |
| minority 명사 | /maɪˈnɒɹ.ɪ.ti/ | 미성년 |
| layer 명사 | /ˈleɪ̯ɚ/ | 층 |
| nowhere 부사 | /ˈnoʊ.(h)wɛɹ/ | 아무데도 |
| refuse 동사 | /ɹɪˈfjuːz/ | 거절하다 |
| resource 명사 | /ɹɪˈzɔːs/ | 자원 |
| remind 동사 | /ɹəˈmaɪnd/ | 생각나게 하다, 상기(想起)시키다 |
영상에 나오는 구동사
| 단어 | 뜻 |
|---|---|
| lie down 동사 | 눕다 |
주의할 발음
화자는 don't, can't, you've 같은 축약형과 약화된 형태를 23번 사용합니다. 들리는 대로 짧게 발음하세요.
- “th” 소리: bother /ˈbɑðɚ/, ethics /ˈɛθ.ɪks/, thoroughly /ˈθʌɹ.ə.li/, empathy /ˈɛmpəθi/, methane /ˈmiːθeɪn/
- “sh”와 “zh” 소리: efficiency /ɪˈfɪʃ.ən.si/, pension /ˈpɛnʃən/, politician /ˌpɑ.ləˈtɪʃ.ən/, rational /ˈɹæʃ(ə)nəl/, disclosure /dɪsˈkləʊʒə(ɹ)/
- 긴 단어 — 강세 위치에 주의: economics /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪks/, minority /maɪˈnɒɹ.ɪ.ti/, efficiency /ɪˈfɪʃ.ən.si/, sustainable /səˈsteɪnəbəl/, politician /ˌpɑ.ləˈtɪʃ.ən/
이 영상으로 연습하는 방법
- 먼저 말하지 않고 영상을 끝까지 듣고 모르는 단어를 적어 둡니다.
- 보통 속도로 한 문장씩 섀도잉하고, 화자의 리듬과 맞을 때까지 반복합니다.
- 자신의 목소리를 녹음해 원본과 비교하고, fossil, overcome, asset 같은 단어에 특히 주의합니다.
이 영상의 문법
화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 문형 | 영상 속 표현 |
|---|---|
| 수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점 | must not be named · being caused · can't be bothered |
| 현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때 | has just killed · they've put · hasn't done |
| 관계절 who / which + 절 — 사람이나 사물에 대한 추가 정보 | person who accepts · those who are |
쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법
쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.